Unbiased Stable Photoelectrochemical Glycerol Oxidation on Hematite Photoanodes.

Photoelectrochemical glycerol oxidation reaction (PEC GOR) is considered as one of the promising strategies for obtaining high-value products and transforming solar energy to hydrogen. Herein, we report that a Ge/Zr co-doped FeO photoanode present an excellent and stable PEC performance for glycerol oxidation to formate (FA) product. The Ge and Zr co-doping synergistically reduce charge carrier recombination and enhance charge transfer kinetics of the photoanode, promoting the selectivity and Faradaic efficiency toward FA chemical.

Activity-related exposure to outdoor air pollution: A spatiotemporal inquiry of residents in Beijing, China.

Few studies have linked residents' daily activities to their exposure to outdoor air pollution (ETOAP). This study aims to explore individual ETOAP and environmental inequality through this seldom-explored perspective. Using first-hand data from questionnaire surveys in Beijing, this study calculates the ETOAP across various timeframes, activity types, and attributes, uncovering disparities in exposure and the factors that influence them.

Single Ag Atoms Induce Ag-N/O Bonds on WO for Ultrastable Acid Ammonia Synthesis.

Ammonia from nitrate-containing wastewater demands the catalysts with high activity, stability, and selectivity toward acidic electrochemical nitrate reduction owing to the corrosion effect of the catalyst and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we synthesized single Ag atoms induced Ag-N/O bonds on one-dimensional WO nanowires for highly efficient and stable electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia under acidic conditions. The resultant catalyst achieved a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of ammonia exceeding ∼90% over a potential range of -0.

Direct ammonia and dihydroxyacetone production in an unbiased photoelectrochemical cell.

Photoelectrochemical production of ammonia usually suffers from a low solar-to-ammonia efficiency and a high overpotential, which influences the bias-free operation of sustainable photoelectrochemistry. Herein, we realize solar-driven ammonia production from waste nitrate by constructing copper-osmium catalysts deposited on the Sb(S,Se) semiconductor, enabling optimized photo-carrier transport pathways and a beneficial co-adsorption configuration of *NO-HO moieties. The photocathode reaches a photocurrent density of 5.

Long-term pituitary function following transsphenoidal surgery for non-functional pituitary neuroendocrine tumor with apoplexy: a single-center retrospective analysis.

This retrospective study aims to investigate pituitary function 3 years after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with non-functional pituitary neuroendocrine tumor(NF-PitNET) complicated by apoplexy. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with NF-PitNET who underwent transsphenoidal surgery from January 2016 to September 2020. The patients were divided into apoplexy group and non-apoplexy group based on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), surgical, and pathological findings.

Divergence in the effects of sugar feedback regulation on the major gene regulatory network and metabolism of photosynthesis in leaves between the two founding Saccharum species.

Sugarcane is a crop that accumulates sucrose with high photosynthesis efficiency. Therefore, the feedback regulation of sucrose on photosynthesis is crucial for improving sugarcane yield. Saccharum spontaneum and Saccharum officinarum are the two founding Saccharum species for modern sugarcane hybrids.

Re and Ru Co-Doped Transition Metal Alloy as a Bifunctional Catalyst for Electrooxidation of Glycerol to Formate Coupled with H Production.

Glycerol electrooxidation (GOR), as an innovative strategy for the production of value-added chemicals, is considered a promising anodic alternative to oxygen evolution reaction in electrocatalysis. However, the high potential and the limited selectivity and faradaic efficiency impede the industrial-scale application toward GOR. Herein, we for the first time constructed rhenium and ruthenium co-doped transition metal alloy (NiCoFeRuRe) for the efficient electrooxidation of glycerol to formate.

Bias-Free Solar-Driven Ammonia Coupled to C-Dihydroxyacetone Production through Photoelectrochemistry.

Conversion of solar energy into value-added chemicals through photoelectrochemistry (PEC) holds great potential for advancing sustainable development but limits by high onset potential which affects energy conversion efficiencies. Herein, we utilized a CuPd cocatalyst-modified Sb(S,Se) photocathode (CuPd/TSSS) to achieve an ultra-low onset potential of 0.83 V for photoelectrochemical ammonia synthesis.

The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum.

Modern sugarcane, a highly allo-autopolyploid organism, has a very complex genome. In the present study, the karyotype and genome architecture of modern sugarcane were investigated, resulting in a genome assembly of 97 chromosomes (8.84 Gb).

Identification and functional analysis of strigolactone pathway genes regulating tillering traits in sugarcane.

Saccharum officinarum and Saccharum spontaneum are two fundamental species of modern sugarcane cultivars, exhibiting divergent tillering patterns crucial for sugarcane architecture and yield. Strigolactones (SLs), a class of plant hormones, are considered to play a central role in shaping plant form and regulating tillering. Our study highlights the distinct tillering patterns observed between S.

Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia on AuCu Single-Atom Alloy Aerogels under Wide Potential Window.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NORR) is very attractive for nitrate removal and ammonia production in industrial processes. However, the nitrate reduction reaction is characterized by intense hydrogen competition at strong reduction potentials, which greatly limits the Faraday efficiency at strong reduction potentials. Herein, we reported an AuCu single-atom alloy aerogels (AuCu SAAs) with three-dimensional network structure with significant nitrate reduction performance of Faraday efficiency (FE) higher than 90 % over a wide potential range (0 ~ -1 V ).

Controlled Defective Engineering on CuIr Catalyst Promotes Nitrate Selective Reduction to Ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising low-carbon and environmentally friendly approach for the production of ammonia (NH). Herein, we develop a high-temperature quenched copper (Cu) catalyst with the aim of inducing nonequilibrium phase transformation, revealing the multiple defects (distortion, dislocations, vacancies, etc.) presented in Cu, which lead to low overpotential for NORR and high efficiency for NH production.

Unbiased Photoelectrochemical HO Coupled to H Production via Dual SbS-Based Photoelectrodes with Ultralow Onset Potential.

The productions of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and hydrogen (H) in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting cell suffer from an onset potential that limits solar conversion efficiencies. Moreover, the formation of HO through two-electron PEC water oxidation reaction competes with four-electron oxidation evolution reaction. Herein, we developed the surface selenium doped antimony trisulfide photoelectrode with the integrated ruthenium cocatalyst (Ru/Sb(S,Se)) to achieve the low onset potential and high Faraday efficiency (FE) for selective HO production.

Enhanced Charge-Carrier Dynamics and Efficient Photoelectrochemical Nitrate-to-Ammonia Conversion on Antimony Sulfide-Based Photocathodes.

The photoelectrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (PEC NORR) has emerged as a promising pathway for facilitating the natural nitrogen cycle. The PEC NORR can lower the reduction potential needed for ammonia synthesis through photogenerated voltage, showcasing the significant potential for merging abundant solar energy with sustainable nitrogen fixation. However, it is influenced by the selective photocathodes with poor carrier kinetics, low catalytic selectivity, and ammonia yields.

Improving NiFe Electrocatalysts through Fluorination-Driven Rearrangements for Neutral Water Electrolysis.

Neutral electrolysis to produce hydrogen is prime challenging owing to the sluggish kinetics of water dissociation for the electrochemical reduction of water to molecular hydrogen. An ion-enriched electrode/electrolyte interface for electrocatalytic reactions can efficiently obtain a stable electrolysis system. Herein, we found that interfacial accumulated fluoride ions and the anchored Pt single atoms/nanoparticles in catalysts can improve hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of NiFe-based hydroxide catalysts, prolonging the operating stability at high current density in neutral conditions.

Transcriptome and small RNA analysis unveils novel insights into the C gene regulation in sugarcane.

This study reveals miRNA indirect regulation of C genes in sugarcane through transcription factors, highlighting potential key regulators like SsHAM3a. C photosynthesis is crucial for the high productivity and biomass of sugarcane, however, the miRNA regulation of C genes in sugarcane remains elusive. We have identified 384 miRNAs along the leaf gradients, including 293 known miRNAs and 91 novel miRNAs.

Enhanced Charge Carrier Dynamics on Sb Se Photocathodes for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia.

Ammonia (NH ) is recognized as a transportable carrier for renewable energy fuels. Photoelectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (PEC NO RR) offers a sustainable solution for nitrate-rich wastewater treatment by directly converting solar energy to ammonia. In this study, we demonstrate the highly selective PEC ammonia production from NO RR by constructing a CoCu/TiO /Sb Se photocathode.

Superhydrophilic CoFe Dispersion of Hydrogel Electrocatalysts for Quasi-Solid-State Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is an attractive strategy to convert solar energy to hydrogen. However, the lifetime of PEC devices is restricted by the photocorrosion of semiconductors and the instability of co-catalysts. Herein, we report a feasible inherent cross-linking method for stabilizing semiconductors that uses a CoFe-dispersed polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel as a transparent protector.

Single-Atom Pt Embedded in Defective Layered Double Hydroxide for Efficient and Durable Hydrogen Evolution.

Electrocatalysis in neutral conditions is appealing for hydrogen production by utilizing abundant wastewater or seawater resources. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) immobilized on supports are considered one of the most promising strategies for electrocatalysis research. While they have principally exhibited breakthrough activity and selectivity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis in alkaline or acidic conditions, few SACs were reported for HER in neutral media.

Ru-P pair sites boost charge transport in hematite photoanodes for exceeding 1% efficient solar water splitting.

Fast transport of charge carriers in semiconductor photoelectrodes are a major determinant of the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water slitting. While doping metal ions as single atoms/clusters in photoelectrodes has been popularly used to regulate their charge transport, PEC performances are often low due to the limited charge mobility and severe charge recombination. Here, we disperse Ru and P diatomic sites onto hematite (DASs Ru-P:FeO) to construct an efficient photoelectrode inspired by the concept of correlated single-atom engineering.

A near-complete genome assembly of the allotetrapolyploid Cenchrus fungigraminus (JUJUNCAO) provides insights into its evolution and C4 photosynthesis.

JUJUNCAO (Cenchrus fungigraminus; 2n = 4x = 28) is a Cenchrus grass with the highest biomass production among cultivated plants, and it can be used for mushroom cultivation, animal feed, and biofuel production. Here, we report a nearly complete genome assembly of JUJUNCAO and reveal that JUJUNCAO is an allopolyploid that originated ∼2.7 million years ago (mya).

Single-atomic-site platinum steers photogenerated charge carrier lifetime of hematite nanoflakes for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

Although much effort has been devoted to improving photoelectrochemical water splitting of hematite (α-FeO) due to its high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 15.5%, the low applied bias photon-to-current efficiency remains a huge challenge for practical applications. Herein, we introduce single platinum atom sites coordination with oxygen atom (Pt-O/Pt-O-Fe) sites into single crystalline α-FeO nanoflakes photoanodes (SAs Pt:FeO-Ov).

Ultrafast Deposition of NiFe Metal-organic Framework Catalysts Boosts BiVO Photoanode for Efficient Solar Water Splitting.

The severe photocorrosion of BiVO limits its application in solar energy conversion in the long-term photoelectrochemical stability test. Herein, we synthesized a Fe@Ni-MOFs/BiVO photoanode by a simple ultrasonic method and ultrafast deposition, which avoids the problems of damaging the surface structure of photoelectrode. The Fe@Ni-MOFs/BiVO shows a photocurrent density of 4.

A complete gap-free diploid genome in Saccharum complex and the genomic footprints of evolution in the highly polyploid Saccharum genus.

A diploid genome in the Saccharum complex facilitates our understanding of evolution in the highly polyploid Saccharum genus. Here we have generated a complete, gap-free genome assembly of Erianthus rufipilus, a diploid species within the Saccharum complex. The complete assembly revealed that centromere satellite homogenization was accompanied by the insertions of Gypsy retrotransposons, which drove centromere diversification.

Dynamic semiconductor-electrolyte interface for sustainable solar water splitting over 600 hours under neutral conditions.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting that functions in pH-neutral electrolyte attracts increasing attention to energy demand sustainability. Here, we propose a strategy to in situ form a NiB layer by tuning the composition of the neutral electrolyte with the additions of nickel and borate species, which improves the PEC performance of the BiVO photoanode. The NiB/BiVO exhibits a photocurrent density of 6.