Cumulus cells orchestrate oocyte maturation via actin polymerization and vitamin B metabolism regulation: Highlights from multi-omics analysis in sheep vitrified cumulus-oocyte complex.

It is well known that cumulus cells play a crucial role in meiotic resumption and oocyte maturation. However, the role of cumulus cells in oocytes development under vitrification stress remains elusive. Therefore, we sought to delineate the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction of cumulus cells and oocytes developmental potential under stress conditions by integration analysis (Pathway co-enrichment, Protein network clustering, and Pearson correlation analysis) based on 4D Label free proteome, Ultra-Low RNA-seq and untargeted metabolome techniques.

Microalgae-driven microrobots: revolutionizing drug delivery and targeted therapy in biopharmaceuticals.

Microalgae are a group of photosynthetic autotrophic microorganisms that are classified as Generally Recognized as safe (GRAS). They are rich in high-value bioactive compounds with broad applications in food, healthcare and pharmaceuticals. Recent research demonstrated that microalgae have significant potential as innovative biomaterials for biomedical applications.

Fixed-time artificial insemination technology in buffaloes: a review.

Buffalo occupies a leading position as a major livestock commodity and is the primary milk-producing animal in many countries like Italy, China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Buffalo farming emphasizes the significance of effective reproductive strategies. Among effective reproductive strategy, artificial insemination has a significant influence on herd's genetic progress.

Transcriptomic characterization of lamb ovaries and oocytes reveals key biomarkers after superovulation.

Superovulated prepubertal lambs serve as an important source of oocytes for Juvenile In Vitro Embryo Transfer (JIVET); however, their ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation markedly differs from that of adult ewes. The ovaries and oocytes are the primary targets of hormonal-induced superovulation in lambs, and their developmental status directly determines the efficiency of follicular recruitment and maturation. In this study, the in vitro developmental assessment revealed that the maturation rate, cleavage rate, and blastocyst formation rate of lamb oocytes were significantly lower (P < 0.

Combined treatment with IGF1, CoQ10, and melatonin improves the quality of bovine oocytes and heat-shocked blastocysts†.

Heat stress significantly impairs cattle fertility, particularly affecting oocytes and developing blastocysts. Developing strategies to improve embryonic development under heat stress is crucial for advancing the cattle breeding industry. This study evaluated the effects of a combined treatment with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and melatonin (MT) (i.

Supplementation of Forskolin and Linoleic Acid During IVC Improved the Developmental and Vitrification Efficiency of Bovine Embryos.

The success of assisted reproductive technology is contingent upon the growth potential of embryos post-vitrification process. When compared to in vivo embryos, it has been found that the high intracellular lipid accumulation inside the in vitro-derived embryos results in poor survival during vitrification. Based on this finding, the present study assessed the impact of incorporating forskolin and linoleic acid (FL) entering in vitro culture (IVC) on the embryos' cryo-survival, lipid content, and viability throughout vitrification.

Melatonin Improves the Development Ability of Sheep Embryos by Reducing ROS During IVEP.

Sheep in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is of great economic and scientific value, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) can negatively impact the quality and developmental potential of sheep embryos. Therefore, reducing ROS may enhance the efficacy of sheep IVEP. In this study, different concentrations of melatonin (10, 10, 10, 10 M) were supplemented during oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and embryo in vitro culture (IVC).

Differences in microRNA within plasma extracellular vesicles at various time points during early pregnancy in sheep revealed by high-throughput sequencing data.

Exosome microRNAs are vital for gene transcription and expression, influencing target genes. They may play direct and indirect roles in pregnancy across animal models and humans. The objective of this research was to comprehensively explore the expression profiles of plasma exosomal miRNAs during the early pregnancy stage in sheep.

Genetic Diversity Estimation and Genome-Wide Selective Sweep Analysis of the Bazhou Yak.

The Bazhou yak, a major native meat yak breed in Xinjiang, China, is renowned for its fast growth rate, strong adaptability, and particularly high intramuscular fat (IMF) content. However, limited knowledge regarding its phylogenetic history and genomic composition has hindered its long-term conservation and utilization. This study evaluated the genetic diversity, population phylogenetics, and genome-wide selective sweep analysis (GWSA) of 100 newly obtained Bazhou yaks through genome resequencing, as well as 340 public yak genomes from nine other populations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Advances in Timed Artificial Insemination: Integrating Omics Technologies for Enhanced Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Cattle.

Reproductive efficiency is crucial for dairy farm productivity, but achieving consistent fertility remains challenging. TAI improves pregnancy rates by synchronizing ovulation and enabling precision breeding. Despite the advancements in hormone synchronization protocols, outcomes vary due to genetic, physiological, and metabolic differences among cows.

Decoding the Molecular Landscape of Prepubertal Oocyte Maturation: GTPBP4 as a Key Driver of In Vitro Developmental Competence.

The intricate mechanisms driving oocyte maturation remain only partially understood, especially within the domains of domestic animal reproduction and translational medicine. In the case of prepubertal girls, the clinical challenge is especially pronounced, as ovarian tissue cryopreservation-though promising-remains an experimental technique necessitating rigorous scientific validation to guarantee the developmental potential of preserved materials and facilitate broader clinical adoption. To address these knowledge gaps, while considering the ethical implications, we applied transcriptome and translatome sequencing to comprehensively profile the transcriptional and translational dynamics of oocyte maturation in adult and prepubertal goats.

Unravelling the Signature Follicular Fluid Metabolites in Dairy Cattle Follicles Growing Under Negative Energy Balance: An In Vitro Approach.

The astringent selection criteria for milk-oriented traits in dairy cattle have rendered these animals prone to various metabolic disorders. Postpartum lactational peak and reduced feed intake lead to negative energy balance in cattle. As a compensatory mechanism, cattle start mobilizing fat reserves to meet the energy demand for vital body functions.

Electroporation Delivery of Cas9 sgRNA Ribonucleoprotein-Mediated Genome Editing in Sheep IVF Zygotes.

The utilization of electroporation for delivering CRISPR/Cas9 system components has enabled efficient gene editing in mammalian zygotes, facilitating the development of genome-edited animals. In this study, our research focused on targeting the and genes in sheep, revealing a threshold phenomenon in electroporation with a voltage tolerance in sheep in vitro fertilization (IVF) zygotes. Various poring voltages near 40 V and pulse durations were examined for electroporating sheep zygotes.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle improves ovine oocyte developmental capacity by alleviating oxidative stress in response to vitrification stimuli.

The wide application of ovine oocyte vitrification is limited by its relatively low efficiency. Nanoparticle is potentially to be used in cryopreservation technology for its unique characteristics with high biocompatibility, potent antioxidant property as well as superiority in membrane permeation and heat transduction. However, the effect of nanoparticle on ovine oocyte cryopreservation as well as the underlying mechanism has not been systematically evaluated.

Superior performance of biocomposite nanoparticles PLGA-RES in protecting oocytes against vitrification stimuli.

Irreversible cryogenic damage caused by oocyte vitrification limits its widespread use in female fertility preservation. In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have gained great attention as potential alternatives in protecting oocytes against cryoinjuries. In this paper, a novel composite nanoparticle, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-resveratrol (PLGA-RES) was designed to improve the biocompatibility and sustained release properties by encapsulating natural antioxidant RES into PLGA NPs.

Exploring the degradation mechanism of nickel-copper-molybdenum hydrogen evolution catalysts during intermittent operation.

We investigate the dynamic degradation behaviors of a nickel-copper-molybdenum hydrogen evolution catalyst in a liquid and solid polymer electrolyte to figure out its endurance in a renewable energy-driven electrolyzer. A cathode current protection approach is proposed to achieve a durable electrolyzer during intermittent operation.

Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics assay identifies the role of FCGR1A in maintaining sperm fertilization capacity during semen cryopreservation in sheep.

Semen cryopreservation is a promising technology employed in preserving high-quality varieties in animal husbandry and is also widely applied in the human sperm bank. However, the compromised qualities, such as decreased sperm motility, damaged membrane structure, and reduced fertilization competency, have significantly hampered the efficient application of this technique. Therefore, it is imperative to depict various molecular changes found in cryopreserved sperm and identify the regulatory network in response to the cryopreservation stress.

Antioxidant procyanidin B2 protects oocytes against cryoinjuries via mitochondria regulated cortical tension.

Background: Irreversible cryodamage caused by oocyte vitrification limited its wild application in female fertility preservation. Antioxidants were always used to antagonist the oxidative stress caused by vitrification. However, the comprehensive mechanism underlying the protective role of antioxidants has not been studied.

Proteomic profile of mouse oocytes after vitrification: A quantitative analysis based on 4D label-free technique.

Mature oocyte cryopreservation represents an important trend for future fertility preservation, however, the relatively low efficiency has hampered its clinical application. Proteomic profiling is a method of choice for the exploration of the molecular mechanism underlying cryoinjuries. Here, a systematic comparison of protein expression between fresh and vitrified oocytes was performed based on the 4D label-free technique, an informative method with high sensitivity.

Procyanidin B2 Protects Aged Oocytes Against Meiotic Defects Through Cortical Tension Modulation.

Defects in meiotic process are the main factors responsible for the decreased developmental competence in aged oocytes. Our recent research indicated that natural antioxidant procyanidin B2 (PCB2) promoted maturation progress in oocytes from diabetic mice. However, the effect of PCB2 on aging-induced chromosome abnormalities and the underlying mechanism have not been explored.

Identifying the heat resistant genes by multi-tissue transcriptome sequencing analysis in Turpan Black sheep.

Heat stress not only affects the physical condition but also affects reproductive performance in sheep. A thorough understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying heat stress would certainly improve livestock productivity and provide genetic evaluation ways for heat resistant breeds selection. In this study, 85 Turpan Black sheep, a breed exhibited excellent heat resistance from long-term artificial selection, and 85 heat sensitive Kazakh sheep in Turpan basin were tested for physiological and reproductive performance from July to August in summer.

Bioinformatics analysis, codon optimization and expression of ovine pregnancy associated Glycoprotein-7 in HEK293 cells.

Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are widely used as powerful markers for early pregnancy diagnosis in livestock. To improve expression efficiency of recombinant ovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-7 (ovPAG-7) in HEK293 cells, the codon usage bias of the ovPAG-7 gene was analyzed using bioinformatic approaches, after which the DNA sequence encoding ovPAG-7 was designed, synthesized, and expressed in HEK293. The structure and function of ovPAG-7 were predicted using bioinformatics software and online databases.