Anti-Glioma Effects of Ligustilide or n-Butylphthalide on Their Own and the Synergistic Effects with Temozolomide via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Background: Ligustilide (LIG) and n-butylphthalide (NBP) have neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia; however, their roles in gliomas are not well-known.This study aimed to explore the anti-glioma effects of LIG and NBP individually and the synergistic effects of temozolomide (TMZ) via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Materials And Methods: Cytotoxicity of LIG and NBP alone and in combination with TMZ in U251 cells was determined using the CCk-8.

Essential oil of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Regulated P-gp protein and tight junction protein to change pharmacokinetic parameters of temozolomide in blood, brain and tumor.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The existence of the blood-brain barrier/blood tumor barrier (BBB/BTB) severely restricts the effectiveness of anti-tumor drugs, thus glioma is still an incurable disease with a high fatality rate. Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Umbelliferae) was used as a messenger drug to increase the distribution of drugs in brain tissue, and its application in Chinese herbal formula for treating glioma was also the highest.

Pharmacokinetics of five phthalides in volatile oil of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong, and comparison study on physicochemistry and pharmacokinetics after being formulated into solid dispersion and inclusion compound.

Backgrounds: The dried rhizome of Ligusticum sinense Oliv.cv. Chaxiong has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, anemia and stroke.

The influence and mechanism of ligustilide, senkyunolide I, and senkyunolide A on echinacoside transport through MDCK-MDR1 cells as blood-brain barrier in vitro model.

Efficient transcytosis across the blood-brain-barrier is an important strategy for accessing drug targets within the central nervous system. Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. was used as a messenger drug to increase the distribution of drugs in brain tissue in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Pharmacokinetic comparative study of gastrodin after oral administration of Gastrodia elata Bl. extract and its compatibility with the different indigents of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. to rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Da Chuan Xiong Decoction Compound preparation (DCXDCP) is a classic TCM formula of an aqueous extract made from Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., umbelliferae) and Tianma Rhizoma (Gastrodia elata Bl., Orchidaceae).

Elucidation of Transport Mechanism of Paeoniflorin and the Influence of Ligustilide, Senkyunolide I and Senkyunolide A on Paeoniflorin Transport through Mdck-Mdr1 Cells as Blood-Brain Barrier in Vitro Model.

The objectives of the present investigation were to: (1) elucidate the transport mechanism of paeoniflorin (PF) across MDCK-MDR1 monolayers; and (2) evaluate the effect of ligustilide (LIG), senkyunolide I (SENI) and senkyunolide A (SENA) on the transport of PF through blood-brain barrier so as to explore the enhancement mechanism. Transport studies of PF were performed in both directions, from apical to basolateral side (A→B) and from basolateral to apical sides (B→A). Drug concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS.

The Roles of Vitrification of Stabilizers/Matrix Formers for the Redispersibility of Drug Nanocrystals After Solidification: a Case Study.

To elucidate the roles of vitrification of stabilizers/matrix formers for the redispersibility of drug nanocrystal powder after solidification at storage stress, the influence of different drying methods and storage stresses on stability of drug nanocrystals was systemically investigated. A poorly soluble drug, baicalin, used as model drug was converted into baicalin nanocrystals (BCN-NC). The residual moisture contents of BCN-NC were applied at two different stress conditions defined as "conservative" (<1%) and "aggressive" (>1%), respectively.

Microcrystalline cellulose-carboxymethyl cellulose sodium as an effective dispersant for drug nanocrystals: A case study.

This study is aimed at seeking an alternative dispersant for spray drying of drug nanosuspensions. The ideal dispersant is not only able to prevent the agglomeration of drug nanocrystals in the suspension state, but also it is able to preserve redispersibility of drug nanocrystals after drying. An active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was used as a model drug.

Formulations, hemolytic and pharmacokinetic studies on saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d compound liposomes.

The aim of this study was to develop and optimise a saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d compound liposome (SSa-SSd-Lip) formulation with reduced hemolysis and enhanced bioavailability. A screening experiment was done with Plackett-Burman design, and response surface methodology of five factors (EPC/SSa-SSd ratio, EPC/Chol ratio, water temperature, pH of PBS, and ultrasound time) was employed to optimise the mean diameter, entrapment efficiency of SSa and SSd, and the reduction of hemolysis for SSa-SSd-Lip. Under the optimal process conditions (EPC/SSa-SSd ratio, EPC/Chol ratio, water temperature and pH of PBS were 26.

[Application characteristics and situation analysis of volatile oils in database of Chinese patent medicine].

Aromatic traditional Chinese medicines have a long history in China, with wide varieties. Volatile oils are active ingredients extracted from aromatic herbal medicines, which usually contain tens or hundreds of ingredients, with many biological activities. Therefore, volatile oils are often used in combined prescriptions and made into various efficient preparations for oral administration or external use.

[Advance in studies on establishment methods of responsive drug delivery system].

Responsive drug delivery system can release drug at specific time and sites, and effectively overcome the drug resistance of organisms. With such advantages as drug protection, local targeting, inhibition of enzymatic activity, memory and expression, it has good prospect of application. So far, many chemical preparations have been launched in the market.

[Study on effect of combined application on distribution of gastrodigenin in rats].

To determine the concentration of gastrodigenin in tissue homogenates with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) , in order to study the changes of the distribution of gastrodigenin before and after combined application in rat tissues, including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain tissues. The study showed that gastrodigenin could be found in kidney, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and brain tissues. After the combined application of Gastrodiae Rhizoma and Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma, the content of gastrodigenin decreased in kidney and liver to varying degrees, while increasing in lung and brain.

D-Alpha-tocopherol acid polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, an effective stabilizer during solidification transformation of baicalin nanosuspensions.

Baicalin nanosuspensions, stabilized with 10% TPGS (relative to the weight of baicalin), were transformed into nanosuspensions powders by solidification process. Solidification methods for this transformation included freeze-drying, spray drying or vacuum drying. High pressure homogenization was applied for production of baicalin nanosuspensions used TPGS, SDS, P188, HPMC and MC as stabilizer, respectively.

[The research progress of preparation methods of solid nanocrystal delivery system].

Nanocrystal suspensions drug delivery system is used to solve the delivery difficulty of poorly soluble drug. However, the physical stability of liquid nanocrystal suspensions is very bad. Solid nanocrystal delivery system as a novel technology, can improve the thermokinetics stability of nanocrystal suspensions and have good clinical compliance, which can achieve stabilization of nanocrystal suspension systems as an ideal delivery system.

[The mechanical properties and moisture permeability of eudragit L100/S100 free films affected by plasticizers and membrane materials ratio].

The free membrane of Eudragit L100/S100 which is pH-sensitive, colon-specific was prepared by plane casting films. The film humidity, species and amount of plasticizers, the ratio of membrane material was investigated. The rate of membrane permeability and mechanical properties were used as indicators of orthogonal experiment, and its related properties were studied.

Pharmacokinetics comparative study of a novel Chinese traditional herbal formula and its compatibility.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Da Chuan Xiong Decoction Compound preparation (DCXDCP), the formulation of a classical Chinese prescription recorded in "Xuanminglunfang", was clinically employed to treat migraine's disease.

Aim Of The Study: In order to investigate the influence of compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of the active ingredient gastrodin (GAS), the comparative evaluations on pharmacokinetics of DCXDCP with various combinations of its constituent herbs in plasma after oral administration were studied.

Materials And Methods: The rats were randomly assigned to four groups and orally administered with different prescription proportion of Gastrodia elata Bl.

["Total amount" release kinetics evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine sustained-release preparations based on material rough set theory].

The release kinetics research of sustained-release formulations of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) is an inalienable part of the chain of TCM modernization, which plays an important role in the development of modern compound TCM preparation. However, the research method or pattern in line with the specific characteristics of TCM, i.e.