Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance in Endodontically Treated Teeth: An Analysis of Different Restorative Materials.

Background: Endodontically treated teeth are susceptible to fractures due to loss of structural integrity. Reinforcing these teeth with appropriate restorative materials is crucial for restoring their function and longevity. The study was undertaken to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different restorative materials.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Bioceramic versus Resin-Based Sealers in Endodontic Treatments: A Comparative Analysis.

Background: Root canal therapy relies heavily on the effectiveness of the sealer used to ensure successful treatment outcomes. Bioceramic and resin-based sealers are commonly employed, each offering distinct advantages and drawbacks. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of bioceramic versus resin-based sealers in root canal therapy, focusing on microbial leakage, seal integrity, postoperative pain, and healing rates.

LRBA deficiency impairs autophagy and contributes to enhanced antigen presentation and T-cell dysregulation.

Reduced autophagy is associated with the aberrant humoral response observed in lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency; however, the molecular mechanisms and their impact on T-cell responses remain poorly understood. We identify two novel LRBA interactors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 (PIK3R4) and FYVE And Coiled-Coil Domain Autophagy Adaptor 1 (FYCO1), which each play key roles in autophagy. PIK3R4 facilitates the production of phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate (PI(3)P) that promotes autophagosome formation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion, whereas FYCO1 supports autophagosome movement.

Structure-Guided Design of a KMT9 Inhibitor Prodrug with Cellular Activity.

Lysine methyltransferase 9 (KMT9), an obligate heterodimer (KMT9α/KMT9β), belongs to the few described Rossmann-fold histone lysine methyltransferases and monomethylates histone H4 at lysine 12 (H4K12me1). KMT9 depletion or inhibition impairs the proliferation of tumors, including prostate, lung, colon, and bladder cancer cells, underscoring its therapeutic potential. Here, we show the development of branched cofactor analogues with a methionine side chain as highly potent KMT9 inhibitors.

Surgical Decision-Making in Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Systematic Review of Anterior and Posterior Approach.

Introduction: Fractures in the thoracolumbar region of the vertebral column are very common and often require surgical intervention. Surgery is typically aimed at restoring or maintaining neurological function and correction of the vertebral column.

Systematic Review: There are two commonly used approaches for surgery, the anterior and the posterior approach.

Outcome of Endoscopic Ablation of Late-childhood Posterior Urethral Valves: Case Series and Literature Review.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of endoscopic valve ablation (EVA) in children diagnosed with posterior urethral valves (PUV) during late childhood (LC-PUV).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained database of 53 children aged 5-15 years who underwent EVA for PUV at a single institution between 2002 and 2023. Data on mode of presentation, pre-operative investigations, intra-operative findings, and post-operative outcomes were reviewed.

Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Injection for Treating Detrusor Overactivity and Poor Compliance in Posterior Urethral Valves-A Preliminary Experience.

Purpose: To report our preliminary experience on the use of Botulinum toxin A in boys with posterior urethral valves for treating detrusor overactivity and/or reduced bladder compliance not responsive to medical treatment.

Material And Methods: Primary outcome measures studied were change in baseline end fill pressure (pDet), compliance, maximum Detrusor overactivity pressure (DO), fractional bladder capacity (FBC), vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) grade/resolution. Secondary outcome measures were serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Toilet training achievements in children born with posterior urethral valves.

Objective: Boys born with posterior urethral valves (PUV) often experience bladder development issues due to urethral obstruction during gestation. Despite early surgical intervention, bladder dysfunction can persist, leading to detrusor overactivity and vesical overdistension. Successful toilet training is key in managing bladder function and controlling intravesical and upper urinary tract pressures.

Assessing the imazethapyr herbicide-induced physio-biochemical consequences and phenol and glutathione-associated detoxification in lentil seedlings.

Lentil is an essential edible legume crop, especially for developing countries, due to the presence of high-quality proteins, fibers, essential vitamins, and mineral nutrients. The short height of this crop is often linked with a slow pace of growth, favoring the suitable space and time for weed incursion. Consequently, the developmental period during the crop growth cycle is shortened, leading to a decline in crop productivity.

The workshops on computational applications in secondary metabolite discovery (CAiSMD).

We report the outcomes of the second session of the free online open-access workshop "Computational Applications in Secondary Metabolite Discovery (CAiSMD) 2022" that took place from 09 to 11 March 2022. The first session was held from 08 to 10 March 2021 and drew the attention of many early career scientists from academia and industry. The 23 invited speakers of this year's workshop also came from academia and industry and 222 registered participants from five continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, South, and North America) took part in the workshop.

Endoscopic balloon dilatation of primary obstructive megaureter: An effective first line management in children.

Aim: This study evaluates outcomes of endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) in the management of primary obstructive megaureter (POM) in children.

Methods: Retrospective data between 2013 and 2023 from two tertiary paediatric surgical centres in the UK were reviewed. Pre and post-operative clinical and imaging parameters of children managed with EBD were assessed.

Atypical Location of Enchondroma and its Management - A Case Report.

Introduction: Enchondromas are most commonly found in the bones of the hand and feet. Although the location in the feet is not uncommon the enchondroma of the calcaneus is a rare finding.

Case Report: In this case report, we present a 45-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with enchondroma of the calcaneum.

Helminth protein enhances wound healing by inhibiting fibrosis and promoting tissue regeneration.

Skin wound healing due to full thickness wounds typically results in fibrosis and scarring, where parenchyma tissue is replaced with connective tissue. A major advance in wound healing research would be to instead promote tissue regeneration. Helminth parasites express excretory/secretory (ES) molecules, which can modulate mammalian host responses.

Kelly's VV-plasty for catheterising channels; first reported case series.

Anastomosis of catheterising channels (Mitrofanoff and ACE) to the skin can be a challenge. The Kelly VV plasty is a straightforward solution but has been described only as a point of technique. We used the previously described method with minor modification.

Four hour voiding observation study in infants with posterior urethral valves.

Introduction And Aim: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are often associated with bladder dysfunction. Our primary aim was to investigate bladder status following primary valves resection to gather evidence of function and to guide early clinical management.

Patients And Methods: Between July 2015-2020, we prospectively evaluated bladder function of PUV infants.

Laparoscopic strategies in complex upper urinary tract obstruction.

Objectives: We enumerate the various laparoscopic strategies to resolve upper urinary tract (UUT) obstruction in the context of variations in anatomy and report their outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of primary laparoscopic UUT reconstructions performed between May 2012 and May 2021. Anomalies included: malrotated kidney (MRK), horseshoe kidney (HSK), duplex kidney (DK), pure intrarenal pelvis (IRP) and mid-ureteric stenosis (MUS).

Are there anatomical limiting factors to foreskin reconstruction at the time of single-stage hypospadias repair?

Introduction: Foreskin reconstruction (FR) at the time of primary hypospadias repair is a truly anatomically complete reconstruction of the hypospadic penis. We prospectively collected penile and preputial measurement of children undergoing single-stage hypospadias repair and FR with the aim to identify possible relations between penile and preputial anatomy and the likelihood to develop complications.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively studied children who underwent single stage hypospadias repair associated with FR from 2016 to 2019.

Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Spinal Surgery Patients: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: In December 2019, a cluster of atypical cases of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China, which was later designated as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Feb 11, 2020. We all are facing a global pandemic, and it is very important to be clear that there is no correct roadmap to navigate this difficult situation. It is imperative to state that this global pandemic impacted the spine care services of our institute.

Molecular dissection studies of , a transcription activator of drug resistance genes of the human pathogenic fungus .

The up-regulation of ABC transporters Cdr1p and Cdr2p that efflux antifungal azole drugs are a leading cause of Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) in the white fungus . was reported to infect patients following the recent Covid-19 pandemic after they were given steroids for recovery. Previously, the gene was identified as the transcriptional activator of drug resistance genes ( and ) and has no known human homologs.

Posterior Urethral Valves, Unilateral Vesicoureteral Reflux, and Renal Dysplasia (VURD) Syndrome: Long-Term Longitudinal Evaluation of the Kidney Function.

The presence of unilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and renal dysplasia associated with posterior urethral valves (PUV) (VURD syndrome) was believed to represent a pressure-released pop-off mechanism protecting kidney function. We aimed to investigate its role with respect to long-term kidney function in a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. We compared the iohexol glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured at 5 (GFR) and 10 (GFR) years of age in children with (Group A) and without (Group B) VURD syndrome, who underwent PUV resection under 2 years of age.

Three-Year Experience and Outcomes of Near-Early Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fractures in Pediatric Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Background The fractured neck of the femur in children is commonly caused by high-energy trauma, and despite its low incidence, complications are more frequent. Delayed presentation is not unusual in developing countries. The interval between injury and surgery is thought to be a critical factor in determining outcomes.

Post-traumatic Osteomyelitis of the Rib-point of Care In children, Presenting with chest Wall Pain.

Introduction: The rib osteomyelitis is a very rare entity and it hardly accounts for 1% of all cases of osteomyelitis. In this case report, we are presenting a case of acute osteomyelitis of rib in a very young child, with a previous history of mediocre trauma over the chest wall.

Case Report: It is a case report of a young boy, who had sustained the blunt injury over the chest wall.

Morbidity following suprapubic line insertion for videourodynamics in children.

Introduction: Previously in our unit, urodynamics were delayed after insertion of suprapubic (SP) lines. We postulated that performing urodynamics on the same day as SP line insertion would not result in increased morbidity. We retrospectively compared complications in those having urodynamics on the same day against those who had delayed urodynamics.