Comparison of Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Mean Transit Time Delay in Ipsilateral and Contralateral Hemispheres in Moyamoya Disease Using DSC Perfusion.

Aim: To perform comparison of preoperative and postoperative mean transit time (MTT) delay in ipsilateral, and contralateral hemispheres in Moyamoya disease using dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion.

Material And Methods: Preoperative images were obtained within 1 week before surgery and postoperative images were taken 3 months after surgery. Cerebral perfusion was assessed in bilateral middle cerebral artery territories with 3 Region Of Interest (ROI) on each side (ipsilateral and contralateral to surgery side).

Eco-Friendly Medical Conferences: From Principle to Practice.

The large number of medical conferences held per year has a significant impact on the environment. Climate change and global warming then lead to deleterious effects on human health. We aim to highlight that it is our responsibility as doctors to promote eco-friendly events and encourage sustainable practices, thus reducing harm to our environment.

The Rocker Technique for Atlantoaxial Dislocation With or Without Basilar Invagination: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) poses a complex surgical challenge. Surgical approaches vary for reducible and irreducible cases. Challenges persist in reducing the atlantodental interval, especially in cases with oblique or vertical C1-C2 joints.

Endoscopic Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma Using a Novel Brain Retractor.

Background: Endoscopic procedures are useful in chronic subdural hematoma especially when there are septations, solid/organized hematoma, and the presence of bridging or neovessels in the cavity. Visualizing the distal hematoma cavity by a rigid scope is challenging in large and curved ones due to the hindrance by the brain surface. Combining rigid endoscopy and brain retractor can overcome this limitation.

Comparison of arterial spin labeling perfusion with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion in Moyamoya disease.

Objectives: Moyamoya disease (MMD) leads to frequent ischemic/hemorrhagic manifestations. Our aim was to compare findings of arterial spin labeling (ASL) with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion in patients of MMD.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed as MMD underwent magnetic resonance imaging with ASL and DSC perfusion sequences.

A Novel Brain Retractor for Endoscopic Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma.

Background: Endoscopic chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) evacuation is a safe and effective alternative to the conventional burr hole technique. Although a rigid endoscope has the advantage of good visualization, there are risks of brain damage due to limited space to accommodate the scope and frequent lens soiling.

Objective: This technical note describes a novel brain retractor to overcome the limitations of rigid endoscopy.

Establishing a New Neurointerventional Facility in a Remote Area of a Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC): Initial Experience.

 Timely performed Neurointervention procedures in patients with neurovascular disorders save them from mortality and lifelong morbidity, in addition to relieving the immense economic and social burden associated with these diseases.  We retrospectively reviewed data of neurointerventions performed in our hospital from November 2019 till March 2021. Patient age, sex, diagnosis, preoperative, and postoperative imaging findings were collected and analyzed.

Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis Associated with Intrathecal Flow Voids: Demonstration of Engorged Veins Using Flat Panel Catheter Angiotomography.

We present a case of a 54-year-old male with spinal epidural lipomatosis who had associated flow voids on magnetic resonance imaging with dilated intrathecal vessels. During spinal angiogram, 20s DynaCT (flat panel catheter angiotomography) was utilized to demonstrate the intrathecal engorged veins. Venous engorgement of epidural venous plexus has been previously described in epidural lipomatosis; however, dilated intrathecal perimedullary veins have not been demonstrated by imaging.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy - A Review.

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become a proven modality for treating obstructive and selected cases of communicating hydrocephalus.

Objective: This review aims to summarize the indications, preoperative workup, surgical technique, results, postoperative care, complications, advantages, and limitations of an ETV.

Materials And Methods: A thorough review of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed.

Primary hyperparathyroidism misdiagnosed as metastatic disease, with trans-oral endoscopic surgical management.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is not so uncommon a disease. In high-income countries, with the introduction of routine biochemical testing in 1980s, it is diagnosed early, and the majority are seen as asymptomatic disease. However, in India, a severe symptomatic form is still seen, and many times patients are undiagnosed, thus continuing to suffer debilitating disease.

Continuity of cancer care in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: Role of social media in low- and middle-income countries.

A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) first detected in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly since December 2019, causing more than 1.4 million confirmed infections and 15000 fatalities (as of April 9, 2020). The outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020.

Persistent Primitive Olfactory Artery: Three Cases.

The persistent primitive olfactory artery is a very rare arterial variant with a little over a score of cases reported in literature so far. We present 3 cases illustrating this entity, which were incidentally diagnosed while imaging for other indications.

Pediatric spinal cord infarct: a rare cause of a rare disorder, (wo)man in barrel syndrome.

The "man in barrel syndrome" is a condition which resembles the aspect of patient being constrained in a barrel in which patient presents with bilateral upper limb weakness. It has classically been attributed to supratentorial lesions in watershed zones. We present such a case in a 12-year-old child who presented with bibrachial weakness and was noted to have cervical cord infarct on imaging.

Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease: A Rare Etiology for Rapidly Progressive Dementia.

Introduction: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by localized neuronal loss, and presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in neurons and glial cells.

Case Report: A 50-year-old man presented with rapidly progressive dementia, behavioral changes, gait disturbances, and incontinence of 3 months duration. His brain magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse T2/FLAIR hyperintensity of basal ganglia, thalami, cerebral peduncles, ventral pons, and supratentorial white matter with a frontal predominance.

3D-Double-Inversion recovery detects perilesional gliosis better than 3D-FLAIR and postcontrast T1 imaging in calcified neurocysticercosis.

Background: Perilesional gliosis is an important substrate for seizures in patients harboring a calcified neurocysticercosis (NCC) lesion and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for evaluating gliosis.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of double-inversion recovery (DIR) sequence for identifying perilesional gliosis.

Settings And Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Endoscopic surgery of spontaneous basal ganglionic hemorrhage.

Introduction: Although there are controversies about the optimal management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), benefits of endoscopic procedures in ICH have been reported. This study is aimed to evaluate the result of 270 patients undergoing endoscopic treatment of ICH.

Methods: This was a retrospective study from July 2008 to June 2017.

Spinal Cord Infarction: Clinical and Radiological Features.

Introduction: Spinal cord infarction is an uncommon disease varying in its clinical presentation. This study describes the clinical and radiological presentation of spinal cord infarcts in 17 consecutive patients.

Material And Methods: Clinical and MR imaging data of 17 patients were reviewed.

Endoscopic Anterior Approach for Cervical Disc Disease (Disc Preserving Surgery).

Objective: To report our experience of endoscopic disc removal by anterior approach for management of cervical myelopathy in 210 patients.

Methods: A retrospective study of 187 cases of single- and 23 cases of double-level disc disease was performed. Cases of myelopathy with or without unilateral or bilateral radiculopathy and unilateral radiculopathy with either soft or hard disc prolapse were included.

Full Endoscopic Vascular Decompression in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Experience of 230 Patients.

Background: Although most surgeons are using endoscopy as an adjunct to microscopy in microvascular decompression, a full endoscopic technique is less commonly performed. The present study is aimed to evaluate results of 230 patients of endoscopic vascular decompression.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital.