Current practices in the study of biomolecular condensates: a community comment.

The realization that the cell is abundantly compartmentalized into biomolecular condensates has opened new opportunities for understanding the physics and chemistry underlying many cellular processes, fundamentally changing the study of biology. The term biomolecular condensate refers to non-stoichiometric assemblies that are composed of multiple types of macromolecules in cells, occur through phase transitions, and can be investigated by using concepts from soft matter physics. As such, they are intimately related to aqueous two-phase systems and water-in-water emulsions.

Polyamines buffer labile iron to suppress ferroptosis.

Polyamines are essential and evolutionarily conserved metabolites present at millimolar concentrations in mammalian cells. Cells tightly regulate polyamine homeostasis through complex feedback mechanisms, yet the precise role necessitating this regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that polyamines function as endogenous buffers of redox-active iron, providing a molecular link between polyamine metabolism and ferroptosis.

Transcriptome-wide RNA accessibility mapping reveals structured RNA elements and pervasive conformational rearrangements under stress.

RNA structure plays a central role in post-transcriptional gene regulation, modulating RNA stability, translation, and interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). However, capturing RNA conformations at scale remains challenging. Here, we introduce DMS-TRAM-seq (Dimethyl Sulfate-Transcriptome-wide RNA Accessibility Mapping by sequencing), which probes RNA structure across nearly the entire transcriptome.

Comparative Evaluation of Maintenance of Periodontal Ligament Cell Viability of Energy Drink and Fruit Juice with Dextrose Normal Saline, ORS, and Hanks Balanced Salt Solution for Transportation of an Avulsed Tooth - An In vitro Study.

Background And Objective: The viability of the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells on the root surface of the avulsed tooth determines the prognosis of the replanted tooth, which in turn is determined by a suitable transport medium in which the tooth was stored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of energy drink and fruit juice as a storage medium for an avulsed tooth in maintaining the PDL cell viability with dextrose normal saline (DNS), oral rehydration salt (ORS), and hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 62 freshly extracted human teeth were divided into five experimental groups and two control groups.

Genetically encoded fluorescent reporter for polyamines.

Polyamines are abundant and evolutionarily conserved metabolites that are essential for life. Dietary polyamine supplementation extends life-span and health-span. Dysregulation of polyamine homeostasis is linked to Parkinson's disease and cancer, driving interest in therapeutically targeting this pathway.

Sequence-encoded intermolecular base pairing modulates fluidity in DNA and RNA condensates.

Nature uses bottom-up self-assembly to build structures with remarkable complexity and functionality. Understanding how molecular-scale interactions translate to macroscopic properties remains a major challenge and requires systems that effectively bridge these two scales. Here, we generate DNA and RNA-based liquids with exquisite programmability in their macroscopic rheological properties.

Multifaceted enhancement of piezoelectricity and optical fluorescence in electrospun PVDF-ceria nanocomposite.

This study investigates the enhancement of piezoelectric and optical fluorescence properties in electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite membranes doped with cerium oxide (Ce) at varying weight percentages. An optical characterisation using absorbance analysis found a blue shift in the bandgap of the ceria NPs, which also enhanced UV absorption in the PVDF polymer. At some additive doses, luminosity analysis demonstrated an incremental fluorescence impact.

Radiofrequency Probe Guidance in Peripheral Nerve Stimulator Placement for Complex Anatomy: A Case Report.

Background: Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been recognized for its efficacy in treating various pain conditions. However, its application in anatomically unique patients, especially those with achondroplasia, is not well established.

Case Report: We describe a 30-year-old woman with achondroplasia suffering from neuropathic pain after total knee arthroplasty.

A young woman with severe renovascular hypertension due to essential thrombocytosis: case report and literature review.

Essential thrombocytosis is characterized by the presence of microvascular and/or thrombo-hemorrhagic complications. The heart, brain, and peripheral vasculature are the most common sites for arterial thrombosis. Renal artery thrombosis (RAT) is uncommon in essential thrombocytosis patients.

Revolutionizing Treatment Strategies through Inhibition of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Hemophilia Management.

Hemophilia, an X-linked genetic bleeding disorder, is caused by the deficiency of coagulation factors VIII (hemophilia A) or IX (hemophilia B). Regular replacement therapy with the missing clotting factor is an effective standard-of-care treatment. However, it comes with a significant fallout of frequent intravenous dosing with poor compliance, the risk of inhibitor development, and a substantial treatment burden.

Danazol causes significant changes in the cardiometabolic profile of patients with acquired aplastic anaemia.

Background: Danazol is frequently used in treating patients with acquired aplastic anaemia (AA) in resource-constraint settings. We aimed to evaluate the cardiometabolic side effects of Danazol in patients with AA.

Methods: This prospective study included newly-diagnosed AA patients ≥13 years of age who were eligible for Danazol monotherapy (10 mg/kg/day, capped at 600 mg/day).

Efficacy and Safety of Weekly Bortezomib-dexamethasone as the Third-Line Therapy for Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: a Case Series of 5 Patients.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (wAIHA) is a chronic condition. Despite the high initial responses seen with the first two treatment lines (corticosteroids and rituximab), relapses are frequent. Anecdotal data suggests the efficacy of bortezomib in relapsed/refractory (RR) wAIHA.

Development of a high-performance pseudocapacitive composite via electroless deposition of silver nanoparticles on micro-sized silicon.

An energy material has been developed using a one-step chemical reduction method, incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that encapsulate micro-sized silicon (mSi) flakes. SEM investigation revealed complete encapsulation of silicon flakes by AgNP's dendritic structure, EDX confirmed the deposition of Ag on Si flakes. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of silver and silicon oxides.

Integrative Functions of the Hypothalamus: Linking Cognition, Emotion and Physiology for Well-being and Adaptability.

Background: The hypothalamus, a small yet crucial neuroanatomical structure, integrates external (e.g., environmental) and internal (e.

Imatinib Mesylate Causes Potential Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: the Results of a Case-control Study.

Unlike second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, effects of imatinib on the cardiovascular (CV) system are debatable. The current case-control study aimed to evaluate the CV effects of imatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) using non-invasive 2D-echocardiography testing. Patients with CML ≥ 13 years attending the adult haematology clinic of a tertiary care hospital in north India were prospectively enrolled over 1.

Biogenic Ag-doped ZnO nanostructures induced cytotoxicity in luminal A and triple-negative human breast cancer cells.

To evaluate the apoptosis-inducing properties of undoped and silver-doped-zinc-oxide nanoparticles (SDZONs) synthesized using against MCF-7 (Luminal-A) and MDA-MB-231 (Triple-negative) breast cancer cell lines. Nanostructures were developed by facile biohydrothermal method and characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The comparative effect of doping and dose concentration of nanostructures on cytotoxicity was measured using MTT and trypan-blue-exclusion assay.

Evaluation of optimized conditions for the adsorption of malachite green by SnO-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar nanocomposites.

This work deals with the synthesis of SnO-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar (SnO-SBB) nanocomposites using an impregnation method. XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses were used to characterize the produced nanocomposites. Several factors influencing the removal of malachite green from wastewater the adsorption process were explored to maximize the effectiveness of this process.

Genetically encoded fluorescent reporter for polyamines.

Polyamines are abundant and evolutionarily conserved metabolites that are essential for life. Dietary polyamine supplementation extends life-span and health-span. Dysregulation of polyamine homeostasis is linked to Parkinson's disease and cancer, driving interest in therapeutically targeting this pathway.

Sequence programmable nucleic acid coacervates.

Nature uses bottom-up self-assembly to build structures with remarkable complexity and functionality. Understanding how molecular-scale interactions translate to macroscopic properties remains a major challenge and requires systems that effectively bridge these two scales. Here, we generate DNA and RNA liquids with exquisite programmability in their material properties.

Assessment of carbonized himalayan chir pine biomass as an eco-friendly adsorbent for effective removal of industrial dyes.

This study investigates the use of carbonized Himalayan Chir Pine Biomass, known as Chir Pine Activated Carbon (CPAC), as an eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent for efficient industrial dye removal, with a focus on environmental sustainability. By applying different additive treatments, four adsorbents (C1, C2, C3, and C4) were formulated. CPAC was synthesized through pyrolysis and characterized using various analytical techniques including FE-SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

How COVID-19 Impacted Colonoscopy Utilization and Colorectal Cancer Detection in Hawai'i in 2020.

The Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and diagnostic testing. During the initial months of the pandemic, there was a sharp decline in colonoscopies performed as many areas were on lockdown and elective procedures could not be performed. In later months, even when routine procedures started being scheduled again, some patients became fearful of contracting COVID during colonoscopy or lost their health insurance, leading to further delays in CRC diagnosis by colonoscopy.

Endogenous androgens, coronary atheroma and remodeling in women with suspected ischemic heart disease: A report from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

Background: Women have smaller coronary size than men independent of body surface area. Female to male heart transplantation demonstrates coronary lumen enlargement.

Purpose: To investigate relationships between endogenous androgens and coronary luminal size in women with suspected ischemic heart disease (IHD).

Laplace Transform Based Modeling of Drug Delivery with Reversible Drug Binding in a Multilayer Tissue.

Objective: Drug delivery from a drug-loaded device into an adjacent tissue is a complicated process involving drug transport through diffusion and advection, coupled with drug binding kinetics responsible for drug uptake in the tissue. This work presents a theoretical model to predict drug delivery from a device into a multilayer tissue, assuming linear reversible drug binding in the tissue layers.

Methods: The governing mass conservation equations based on diffusion, advection and drug binding in a multilayer cylindrical geometry are written, and solved using Laplace transformation.