Case Report: Mimicking benignity: hepatic sinusoidal metastasis masquerading as diffuse liver disease in small cell lung cancer.

Background: Small cell lung cancer is extremely aggressive. Although liver metastasis is common, cases of diffuse intra-sinusoidal metastasis leading to liver failure and death are quite rare.

Case Presentation: This paper reports a case of a 58-year-old male diagnosed with small cell lung cancer through a pathological biopsy, who died due to the rapid progression of liver failure caused by diffuse hepatic sinusoidal metastasis during subsequent treatment.

The Global Burden of Esophageal Cancer in Older Adults: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Disparities, 1990-2021.

Goals: To assess esophageal cancer (EC) burdens among older adults aged 60+ from 1990 to 2021.

Background: With the aging global population, EC in elderly presents a significant health challenge.

Study: 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data were used to calculate age-standardized rates (ASRs) for incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Spatial patterns and temporal trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer attributed to particulate matter pollution in Asia and its 34 countries and territories, 1990-2021.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal variations of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (TBLC) attributable to particulate matter pollution across 34 Asian countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) linked to ambient particulate-matter pollution (APMP) and household air pollution (HAP) were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset, and performed analyses stratified by location, gender, and age. Trends in age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs) were quantified with Joinpoint regression.

Trends and inequalities in gastrointestinal cancer care quality from 1990 to 2021: A population-based analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

The objective of this study was to quantify the temporal patterns and cross-country inequities in the quality of care for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers from 1990 to 2021. Using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study, which employs advanced methodologies such as Bayesian meta-regression and the Cause of Death Ensemble model to produce robust health estimates, we conducted a secondary analysis of esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and colorectal cancer at global, regional, and national levels. Principal component analysis was applied to evaluate 4 key ratios: mortality-to-incidence, disability-adjusted life years-to-prevalence, prevalence-to-incidence, and years of life lost-to-years lived with disability.

miR-124/PTBP1/PKM axis modulates pulmonary artery endothelial metabolism in a pulmonary thromboembolism rat model.

Background: Cellular metabolism is critical for endothelial cell function. Pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction contributes to the progression from pulmonary embolism (PE) to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The mechanisms of metabolic changes in PAECs during this progression remain unclear.

Different MRI-based radiomics machine learning models to predict CD3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in rectal cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate multiple machine learning models utilizing contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1-CE) to differentiate between low-/high-infiltration of total T lymphocytes (CD3) in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively selected 157 patients (103 men, 54 women) with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer diagnosed between March 2015 and October 2019. The cohort was randomly divided into a training dataset (n=109) and a test dataset (n=48) for subsequent analysis.

The significance of CD16+ monocytes in the occurrence and development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a serious pulmonary vascular disease characterized by residual thrombi in the pulmonary arteries and distal pulmonary microvascular remodeling. The pathogenesis of CTEPH remains unclear, but many factors such as inflammation, immunity, coagulation and angiogenesis may be involved. Monocytes are important immune cells that can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells and play an important role in thrombus formation.

Tissue factor regulates autophagy in pulmonary artery endothelial cells from chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rats via the p38 MAPK-FoxO1 pathway.

Aims: To detect the expression of autophagy components, p38 MAPK (p38) and phosphorylated forkhead box transcription factor O-1 (pFoxO1) in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) rats and to investigate the possible mechanism through which tissue factor (TF) regulates autophagy.

Methods: Pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) were isolated from CTEPH (CTEPH group) and healthy rats (control group (ctrl group)) which were cocultured with TF at different time points including 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and doses including 0 nM,10 nM, 100 nM, 1µM, 10µM, 100µM and cocultured with TFPI at 48 h including 0 nM, 2.5 nM, 5 nM.

The value of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features in differentiating early-stage lung invasive adenocarcinoma (≤3 cm) subtypes.

Background: The identification of different subtypes of early-stage lung invasive adenocarcinoma before surgery contributes to the precision treatment. Radiomics could be one of the effective and noninvasive identification methods. The value of peritumoral radiomics in predicting the subtypes of early-stage lung invasive adenocarcinoma perhaps clinically useful.

Prediction of CD3 T cells and CD8 T cells expression levels in non-small cell lung cancer based on radiomic features of CT images.

Background: In this work, radiomics characteristics based on CT scans were used to build a model for preoperative evaluation of CD3 and CD8 T cells expression levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Two radiomics models for evaluating tumor-infiltrating CD3 and CD8 T cells were created and validated using computed tomography (CT) images and pathology information from NSCLC patients. From January 2020 to December 2021, 105 NSCLC patients with surgical and histological confirmation underwent this retrospective analysis.

Feasibility of customizing titanium implant with three-dimensional CT imaging of low dose in skull.

Object: To explore the feasibility and practicability of making virtual three-dimensional model of skull defect and customizing titanium implant by skull three-dimensional CT examination of low dose.

Methods: Sixty patients with skull defects who underwent skull three-dimensional CT before cranioplasty were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A (conventional dose 120 peak Kilovoltage (kVp), 150 tube current time product (mAs)), low dose group B (120 kVp, 50 mAs), low dose group C (100 kVp, 50 mAs), low dose group D (100 kVp, 30 mAs). After the scanning, we compared radiation doses and image quality among the groups.

Study on the dynamic change law and correlation between CT imaging manifestations and cellular immunity of 2019 novel coronavirus disease.

Purpose: To explore the dynamic changes and correlation between CT imaging manifestations and cellular immunity of COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review analyzed 23 patients with COVID-19, including 13 males and 10 females aged 27-70 years, with an average age of 48 years. Patients were divided into two groups: group A with 11 critical-severe patients, and group B with 12 common-mild patients.

The role of inflammation in a rat model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension induced by carrageenan.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a life-threatening condition arising from the thrombus and obstructive remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, which causes a significant morbidity and mortality. Although the modern treatment in CTEPH has been significant advanced both in surgical and medical treatment, none can claim to cure the disease, largely because of our limited understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of the disease and lack of a reliable CTEPH animal model to study for. Recently, inflammation has been accepted as a common pathway through which various risk factors trigger venous thrombo-embolism (VTE) formation, we describe a novel mouse model of CTEPH which reproduces a frequent trigger and resembles the time course, histological features, and clinical presentation of CTEPH in humans, to open a new horizons of inflammation in CTEPH.

Analysis of PROC and PROS1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a thrombophilia family.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in protein C (PROC) and protein S (PROS1) genes with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in a thrombophilia family.

Methods: DNA were extracted from blood of participants. Five PROC SNPs and 11 PROS1 SNPs were selected from the Hapmap and 1000 Genomes databases.

Imaging findings of gastric plexiform fibromyxoma with a cystic change: A case report and review of literature.

Rationale: Plexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor of the stomach, and its radiological findings have not been well described. Here, we analyzed the imaging features of a case of PF. To our knowledge, this is a rare reported case with a remarkable cystic change in the imaging literature.

Role of monocyte tissue factor on patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To examine the expression of D-dimer, fibrinogen (FIB), leukocyte, C-reactive protein (CRP) and tissue factor (TF) released from monocyte in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with or without venous thromboembolism (VTE) and analyse the correlation, to explore the possible mechanisms.

Methods: Seventy-two patients confirmed the diagnosis of lung cancer, among whom 10 with VTE were enrolled into the study from November 2012 to January 2014 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 30 healthy subjects were also enrolled as the control group. Ficoll and Percoll density gradient centrifugation separated of peripheral blood monocyte.

The role of tissue factor and autophagy in pulmonary vascular remodeling in a rat model for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Few reports have examined tissue factor (TF) and autophagy expression in chronic pulmonary thromboembolic hypertension (CTEPH) animal models.

Objectives: To investigate the role of tissue factor (TF), autophagy and their interactions during chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) pathogenesis in a rat model.

Methods: Autologous blood clots were repeatedly injected into the left jugular vein of rats with injecting endogenous fibrinolysis inhibitor tranexamic acid (TXA).

Close concordance between pulmonary angiography and pathology in a canine model with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and pathological mechanisms after lung ischemia reperfusion injury.

To investigate the pulmonary angiography and pathology in a canine model with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). The cylindrical blood clots were selectively introduced into the left (n = 10) or right (n = 20) lower pulmonary arteries of dogs. Pulmonary arteriography (PA) was performed before or after embolization.

An irregular pulmonary nodule was confirmed diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia by finding plant cells through rapid on-site evaluation.

Background: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is a method which is often used in quick-staining cytology in the tumour diagnostic field, and results in a significant decrease in diagnostic time and cost. However, we have not found any previous report on the ROSE method for diagnosing aspiration pneumonia.

Methods: We would like to discuss the case of a patient with an irregular pulmonary nodule in the left lower lobar bronchus who had a confirmed diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia through ROSE stained by Diff-Quik methods during bronchoscopy.

Inflammatory response and pneumocyte apoptosis during lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental pulmonary thromboembolism model.

Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) may occur in the region of the affected lung after reperfusion therapy. The inflammatory response mechanisms related to LIRI in pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), especially in chronic PTE, need to be studied further. In a PTE model, inflammatory response and apoptosis may occur during LIRI and nitric oxide (NO) inhalation may alleviate the inflammatory response and apoptosis of pneumocytes during LIRI.