Harnessing deep learning to optimize induction chemotherapy choices in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Currently, there is no guidance for personalized choice of induction chemotherapy (IC) regimens (TPF, docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-Fu; or GP, gemcitabine + cisplatin) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). This study aimed to develop deep learning models for IC response prediction in LA-NPC.

Methods: For 1438 LA-NPC patients, pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and complete biological response (cBR) information after 3 cycles of IC were collected from two centers.

Design of Histidine Sequence-Associated Tripeptide Sequences for Recognition of Copper Ions and Their Application to Live Cells.

Copper is central to many enzymes in living organisms, and imbalances in copper levels are linked to various diseases. Therefore, developing probes to detect copper ions is essential. Histidine, especially in the polypeptide sequences at the first three N-terminal positions (His1, His2, and His3), uniquely binds to copper ions.

Application of a near-infrared viscosity-responsive fluorescent probe for lysosomal targeting in fatty liver mice.

Viscosity is a fundamental property in biological systems, influencing organelle function and molecular diffusion. Abnormal viscosity is associated with diseases such as metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Lysosomes, central to cellular degradation and recycling, are sensitive to viscosity changes, which can disrupt enzymatic activity and cellular homeostasis.

Noninvasive identification of proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma on multiphase dynamic CT: quantitative and LI-RADS lexicon-based evaluation.

Objective: To identify proliferative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) preoperatively using quantitative measurements combined with the updated standard 2021 LI-RADS universal lexicon-based qualitative features on multiphase dynamic CT (MDCT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 273 patients (102 proliferative HCCs) who underwent preoperative MDCT with surgically confirmed HCC in two medical centers. Imaging features were evaluated according to the updated 2021 LI-RADS universal lexicon, and quantitative measurements were analyzed.

Evaluation of radiation induced brain injury in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients based on multi-parameter quantitative MRI: A prospective longitudinal study.

Purpose: Three dimensional pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL) and incoherent movement within voxels (IVIM) imaging was combined to assess dynamic microscopic structure changes of the hippocampus and temporal lobe white matter (TLWM) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients post intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods: Forty-six patients who were first diagnosed with NPC and underwent IMRT were prospectively enrolled. 3D-CASL and IVIM were performed pre-RT, within 1 week (1 W) post-RT, 3 months (3 M) post-RT, 6 months (6 M) post-RT, and 18 months (18 M) post-RT.

Imaging-based surrogate classification for risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion to adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Patients with microvascular invasion (MVI)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have shown promising results with adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with FOLFOX after curative resection. The authors aim to develop an imaging-derived biomarker to depict MVI-positive HCC patients more precisely and promote individualized treatment strategies of adjuvant HAIC.

Materials And Methods: Patients with MVI-positive HCC were identified from five academic centers and utilized for model development ( n =470).

Multi‑parameter quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in the early assessment of radiation‑induced parotid damage in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma following intensity‑modulated radiotherapy.

The present study aimed to investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) and three-dimensional pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) in assessing dynamic changes of the parotid gland in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) following radiotherapy (RT). A total of 18 patients with NPC who underwent intensity-modulated RT were enrolled in the present study. All patients underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging, plus IVIM and ASL imaging of the bilateral parotid glands within 2 weeks prior to RT, and 1 week (1W) and 3 months (3M) following RT.

Evaluating magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and risk factors for hemifacial spasm.

Purpose: The specific neurovascular compression (NVC) event responsible for the symptomatic manifestation of hemifacial spasm (HFS) remains difficult to assess accurately using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aim to evaluate the MRI characteristics of HFS.

Method: We retrospectively included patients with HFS and divided them into a test group (n = 186) and a validation group (n = 28).

Radiological characteristics predicting early poor drug response in patients with hemifacial spasm.

Objectives: Patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) often resort to botulinum toxin injections or microvascular decompression surgery when medication exhibits limited effectiveness. This study aimed to identify MRI and demographic factors associated with poor drug response at an early stage in patients with HFS.

Methods: We retrospectively included patients with HFS who underwent pre-therapeutic MRI examination.

Development and validation of a nomogram based on CT texture analysis for discriminating minimally invasive adenocarcinoma from glandular precursor lesions in sub‑centimeter pulmonary ground glass nodules.

In a recent reclassification, adenocarcinoma has been redefined as a glandular precursor lesion (GPL), alongside adenomatous hyperplasia. This updated classification necessitates corresponding adaptations in clinical diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. Consequently, the present study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram utilizing computed tomography (CT) texture features to effectively discriminate between minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and GPL within sub-centimeter pulmonary ground glass nodules (GGNs).

Artificial intelligence aided precise detection of local recurrence on MRI for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: MRI is the routine examination to surveil the recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but it has relatively lower sensitivity than PET/CT. We aimed to find if artificial intelligence (AI) could be competent pre-inspector for MRI radiologists and whether AI-aided MRI could perform better or even equal to PET/CT.

Methods: This multicenter study enrolled 6916 patients from five hospitals between September 2009 and October 2020.

Development of a magnetic resonance imaging-derived radiomics model to predict microvascular invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microvascular invasion (MVI) has a poor prognosis, is prone to recurrence and metastasis, and requires more complex surgical techniques. Radiomics is expected to enhance the discriminative performance for identifying HCC, but the current radiomics models are becoming increasingly complex, tedious, and difficult to integrate into clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a simple prediction model using noncontrast-enhanced T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could preoperatively predict MVI in HCC.

Integrative Scoring System for Survival Prediction in Patients With Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Tumor stage is crucial for prognostic evaluation and therapeutic decisions in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) but is imprecise. We aimed to propose a new prognostic system by integrating quantitative imaging features and clinical factors.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 1,319 patients with stage III-IVa NPC between April 1, 2010, and July 31, 2019, who underwent pretherapy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy.

Add-on individualizing prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma using deep-learning based on MRI: A multicentre, validation study.

In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, deep-learning extracted signatures on MR images might be correlated with survival. In this study, we sought to develop an individualizing model using deep-learning MRI signatures and clinical data to predict survival and to estimate the benefit of induction chemotherapy on survivals of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Two thousand ninety-seven patients from three independent hospitals were identified and randomly assigned.

MRI Radiogenomics in Precision Oncology: New Diagnosis and Treatment Method.

Precision medicine for cancer affords a new way for the most accurate and effective treatment to each individual cancer. Given the high time-evolving intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity features of personal medicine, there are still several obstacles hindering its diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice regardless of extensive exploration on it over the past years. This paper is to investigate radiogenomics methods in the literature for precision medicine for cancer focusing on the heterogeneity analysis of tumors.

Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: computed tomography manifestation and radiologic-pathologic correlation depending on different epithelioid component percentages.

Background: Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a rare and potentially malignant mesenchymal lesion mainly composed of epithelioid cells. Although some case reports or small case series have been published, the computed tomography (CT) manifestations and radiologic-pathologic correlation depending on different epithelioid component percentages have not been studied before.

Objective: To investigate the CT manifestation and radiologic-pathologic correlation between renal EAML and angiomyolipoma (AML) with epithelioid component.

The Effect of Individual Musculoskeletal Conditions on Depression: Updated Insights From an Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Few longitudinal studies have systematically investigated whether or how individual musculoskeletal conditions (IMCs) convey risks for negative psychological health outcomes, and approaches to assess such risk in the older population are lacking. In this Irish nationally representative longitudinal prospective study of 6,715 individuals aged 50 and above, machine learning algorithms and various models, including mediation models, were employed to elaborate the underlying mechanisms of IMCs leading to depression and to develop an IMC-induced negative psychological risk (IMCPR) classification approach. Resultantly, arthritis [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.

Three-dimensional pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling and intravoxel incoherent motion imaging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: correlations with Ki-67 proliferation status.

Background: Recurrence and distant metastasis are still the main problems affecting the long-term prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and may be related to the Ki-67 proliferation status. We therefore explored the potential correlation between Ki-67 proliferation status in NPC with the parameters derived from two imaging techniques: three-dimensional pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pCASL) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM).

Methods: Thirty-six patients with pathologically confirmed NPC were included, and the Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was measured by immunohistochemistry.

Novel multifunctional adenine-modified chitosan dressings for promoting wound healing.

Wound healing is a dynamic and intricate process, and newly dressings are urgently needed to promote wound healing over the multiple stages. Herein, two water-soluble adenine-modified chitosan (CS-A) derivatives were synthesized in aqueous solutions and freeze-dried to obtain porous sponge-like dressings. The novel derivatives displayed antibacterial activities against S.

Prognostic and Treatment Guiding Significance of MRI-Based Tumor Burden Features and Nodal Necrosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

We aimed to develop a nomogram integrating MRI-based tumor burden features (MTBF), nodal necrosis, and some clinical factors to forecast the distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of patients suffering from non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 1640 patients treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China) from 2011 to 2016 were enrolled, among which 1148 and 492 patients were randomized to a training cohort and an internal validation cohort, respectively. Additionally, 200 and 257 patients were enrolled in the Foshan and Dongguan validation cohorts, respectively, which served as independent external validation cohorts.

A Prognostic Predictive System Based on Deep Learning for Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: Images from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are crucial unstructured data for prognostic evaluation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We developed and validated a prognostic system based on the MRI features and clinical data of locoregionally advanced NPC (LA-NPC) patients to distinguish low-risk patients with LA-NPC for whom concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is sufficient.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 3444 patients with LA-NPC from January 1, 2010, to January 31, 2017.