Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Intake and Myopia: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake and myopia in a large population-based sample.

Methods: A cross-sectional study. Data from the population under 40 years of age were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2008.

The potential of efferocytosis for the treatment of bronchial asthma: A review of current trends, mechanisms and prospects.

As a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs, bronchial asthma is closely associated with three key characteristics: airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. The long-term infiltration of multiple inflammatory cells into the airway interstitium results in damage to the airway epithelial barrier. Macrophages, as the primary immune cells responsible for the clearance of damaged and apoptotic cells from the asthmatic airways, phagocytose asthmatic cells through a series of efferocytosis phases, including the "find me," "eat me," and "digest" phases.

NEXN deficiency leads to dilated cardiomyopathy in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) constitutes a major cause of heart failure, characterized by high mortality rates and a limited availability of effective therapeutic options. A substantial body of evidence indicates that mutations in the Nexilin (NEXN) gene are significant pathogenic contributors to DCM, but the pathogenic mechanism for dilated cardiomyopathy is unclear.

Methods: A human NEXN homozygous knockout cardiomyocyte model was established by combining CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-directed differentiation technology.

Areconfigurable coding acoustic metasurface for multifunctional beam manipulation.

The advent of reconfigurable metasurfaces incorporating active elements offers the flexibility of engineering acoustic waves with external behaviors, but it still remains challenging to reduce the complexity of design while ensuring a subwavelength thickness and wide operating band. Here we theoretically design and experimentally realize a reconfigurable coding acoustic metasurface composed of compact unit cells (subwavelength reconfigurable elements, H = 18 mm) that enable dynamic wavefront shaping across a broad frequency range (1.7-2.

STAT3 Facilitates Super Enhancer Formation to Promote Fibroblast-To-Myofibroblast Differentiation by the Analysis of ATAC-Seq, RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq.

A cellular characteristic of IPF is the transformation of fibrosis into myofibroblasts. This study identifies several transcription factors-STAT3, FOXP1, JUNB, ATF3, FosL2, BATF, Fra2 and AP-1-that play crucial roles in promoting pulmonary fibrogenesis. They achieve this by facilitating the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, as analysed through ATAC-seq and RNA-seq.

Ligninoformic acid improved DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice by regulating intestinal flora and intestinal barrier.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a complex intestinal disorder that typically triggers inflammatory responses, immune dysregulation, and gut microbiota imbalance. Lignoformic acid (LFA) is a lignin-derived compound containing benzene rings and hydroxyl functional groups. It has antioxidant properties and can regulate intestinal pH.

Higher frequency of adding salt to foods increases the risk of low bone mineral density in individuals over 60 - A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Adding salt to foods is associated with an increased osteoporosis risk, but the causality of this relationship remains unknown. Methods: in this study, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the potential causal effect of adding salt to foods on bone mineral density (BMD). Utilizing data from the UK Biobank to estimate adding salt to foods based on self-reported consumption and genetic association data for BMD from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis (GEFOS) consortium, we examined various BMD sites: forearm (distal 1/3 radius), lumbar spine (L1-4), femoral neck, total body BMD (TB-BMD), and age-specific TB-BMD (0-15, 15-30, 30-45, 45-60, and over 60 years).

Prolonged leisure time television watching as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Insights from Mendelian randomization.

Leisure sedentary behaviors are associated with an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but whether this relationship is causal remains unknown. This study aimed to identify genetic determinants associated with leisure sedentary behaviors and estimate their potential causal effect on COPD risk. COPD case-control data were obtained from the Finnish biobank.

Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) harness copper presence and promote impairments in early zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae: Developmental, biochemical, transcriptomic approaches and nontargeted metabolomics approaches.

Due to their large specific surface area and strong hydrophobicity, microplastics (MPs) are highly susceptible to adsorb environmental pollutants, of which heavy metals (HMs) are the most representative inorganic pollutants. However, there is controversy in different studies as to whether the toxic effects of the combined action of MPs and HMs on zebrafish larvae are antagonistic or synergistic. Herein, we firstly evaluated the combined effects of 10 μm polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on zebrafish larvae after exposure for 96 h at two different concentrations (5 mg/L, 0.

Characteristics and food applications of aquatic collagen and its derivatives: A review.

Collagen and its hydrolysates have high bioavailability, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biological activity which has meant that they have been widely used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other industries. Although the properties and applications of collagen have been reviewed recently, few studies have focused on aquatic collagen. To provide readers with a deeper understanding of aquatic collagen, this review addresses the structure and properties of aquatic collagen and compares them with mammalian collagen, as well as the differences between collagen, gelatin, and collagen peptides.

Impact of different teaching modes on medical students' performance under the scoring criteria for multiple-choice questions: A meta-analysis.

Background: Comparing the impact of different educational modes on medical students' performance under the scoring criteria for multiple-choice questions, would provide a basis for selecting more appropriate and effective teaching modes for talent development.

Methods: We searched databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and Web of Science to collect publications on the comparison of medical students' performance under the scoring criteria for multiple-choice questions and different teaching modes, with a focus on studies conducted between 2015 and 2024. Chinese search terms included multiple-choice questions, multiple-choice exam, medical students, flipped classroom, simulation teaching, team-based learning, and blended teaching.

Omnidirectional Bending Sensor with Bianisotropic Structure for Wearable Electronics.

Bending sensors are critical to the advancement of wearable electronics and can be applied in the dynamic monitoring of flexible object morphology. However, current bending sensors are constrained by sensing range and precision, especially in full-range detection. The maximum sensing range of existing flexible bending sensors is 0-240°.

Clinical efficacies of different neoadjuvant therapies for non-small cell lung cancer.

Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery is a common clinical strategy for operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the mainstream neoadjuvant therapies include chemoimmunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy. However, there is a lack of studies to report the difference in benefits between these treatment modalities in the same institution. Therefore, this study aimed to depict the short-term efficacy of radiology and pathology achieved by different therapies and their impact on long-term survival as well as the underlying clinical significance.

Three-dimensional cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuate pulmonary fibrosis by improving the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a kind of fibrotic interstitial pneumonia with poor prognosis. Aging, environmental pollution, and coronavirus disease 2019 are considered as independent risk factors for pulmonary fibrogenesis. Consequently, the morbidity and mortality striking continues to rise in recent years.

Picocyanobacterial-bacterial interactions sustain cyanobacterial blooms in nutrient-limited aquatic environments.

Cyanobacterial blooms (CBs) and concomitant water quality issues in oligotrophic/mesotrophic waters have been recently reported, challenging the conventional understanding that CBs are primarily caused by eutrophication. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of CBs in nutrition-deficient waters, the changes in Chlorophyll a (Chl-a), cyanobacterial-bacterial community composition, and certain microbial function in Qingcaosha Reservoir, the global largest tidal estuary storage reservoir, were analyzed systematically and comprehensively after its pilot run (2011-2019) in this study. Although the water quality was improved and stabilized, more frequent occurrences of bloom level of Chl-a (>20 μg L) in warm seasons were observed during recent years.

Study on the Effect of Two-Stage Injection Strategy for Coal-to-Liquid/Gasoline Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion Mode.

An experimental study was carried out on a modified single-cylinder dual-fuel engine in reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode using pilot fuels with different physicochemical properties, and the effects of the pilot fuels and the two-stage injection strategy on the combustion and emission characteristics of the RCCI mode were explored. The results show that when coal-to-liquid (CTL) is used with a high cetane number as the pilot fuel, the reactivity stratification of the fuel-air mixture is more pronounced. With the advancement of pilot injection timing (SOI1), the heat release rate (HRR) of the CTL/gasoline mode gradually changes from a bimodal pattern to a unimodal pattern.

The Gene Regulated by Global Regulatory Factor That Affects Aflatoxin Production, Morphological Development and Pathogenicity in .

Velvet (VeA), a light-regulated protein that shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, serves as a key global regulator of secondary metabolism in various species and plays a pivotal role in controlling multiple developmental processes. The gene was chosen for further investigation through CHIP-seq analysis due to significant alterations in its interaction with VeA under varying conditions. This gene (AFLA_006970) contains a Septin-type guanine nucleotide-binding (G) domain, which has not been previously reported in ().

Protective effects of sodium butyrate on fluorosis in rats by regulating bone homeostasis and serum metabolism.

Fluorosis due to high fluoride levels in drinking water profoundly affects the development of human skeletal and dental structures. Sodium butyrate (NaB) has been found to regulate overall bone mass and prevent pathological bone loss. However, the mechanism of NaB action on fluorosis remains unclear.

Who benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I lung adenocarcinoma? A multi-dimensional model for candidate selection.

Background: Despite promising overall survival of stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients, 10-25 % of them still went through recurrence after surgery. [1] While it is still disputable whether adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary for stage I patients. [2] IASLC grading system for non-mucinous LUAD shows that minor high-grade patterns are significant indicator of poor prognosis.

circELP2 reverse-splicing biogenesis and function as a pro-fibrogenic factor by targeting mitochondrial quality control pathway.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is considered as a chronic, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia with unknown mechanism. The present work aimed to explore the function, biogenesis and regulatory mechanism of circELP2 in pulmonary fibrosis and evaluate the value of blocking circELP2-medicated signal pathway for IPF treatment. The results showed that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L initiated reverse splicing of circELP2 resulting in the increase of circELP2 generation.

Proteomic analysis reveals the aging-related pathways contribute to pulmonary fibrogenesis.

Aging usually causes lung-function decline and susceptibility to chronic lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis. However, how aging affects the lung-fibrosis pathways and leads to the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis is not completely understood. Here, mass spectrometry-based proteomics was used to chart the lung proteome of young and old mice.

COX6A2 deficiency leads to cardiac remodeling in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Background: Cardiac remodeling is the initiating factor for the development of heart failure, which can result from various cardiomyopathies. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2 (COX6A2) is one of the components of cytochrome c oxidase that drives oxidative phosphorylation. The pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling caused by COX6A2 deficiency in humans remains unclear because there are no suitable research models.

Three-Directional Spacer-Knitted Piezoresistant Strain and Pressure Sensor for Electronic Integration and On-Body Applications.

The advancement of smart textiles has resulted in significant development in wearable textile sensors and offers novel interfaces to sense physical movements in daily life. Knitting, as a traditional textile fabrication method, is being used in promising ways to realize fully seamless fabrication and unobtrusive sensing in wearable textile applications. However, current flat-knitted sensors can sense strain only in the horizontal plane.

Co-exposure to multiple vitamins and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes.

Objective: Although the effect of vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients has been reported, most studies focus on individual vitamins. However, humans are often exposed to multiple vitamins simultaneously in daily life. Therefore, it is worth exploring the effects of co-exposure to multiple vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients.

Dityrosine Aggravates Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Obese Mice by Altering Gut Microbiota and the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB Inflammatory Pathway.

Scope: Dityrosine is the main product of protein oxidation, which has been proved to be a threat to human health. This study aims to investigate whether dityrosine exacerbates insulin resistance by inducing gut flora disturbance and associated inflammatory responses.

Methods And Results: Mice fed with normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) received daily gavage of dityrosine (320 µg kg BW) or saline for consecutive 13 weeks.