KLK1 as an Epithelial-Specific Brake Inhibits Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Suppressing B1R-Mediated Fibroblast Phenotypic Transition.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide, and the persistence of chronic inflammation may lead to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). KLK1 expression is reduced in colitis, and its potential role in the intestinal mucosal barrier is still unclear. Here, KLK1 is investigated whether a supplement can reduce colitis and colorectal carcinogenesis.

Robust lensless computational imaging via nonlinear weighting approach.

In the framework of multi-image phase retrieval techniques, it is commonly assumed that all diffraction intensity images have the same accuracy and thus contribute equally during the sample reconstruction process. However, it is a fact that the noise and systematic errors inconsistently affect diffraction images in the experiment. In this paper, a nonlinear weighting strategy is introduced into the parallel mode phase retrieval algorithm.

Mechanistic insights into nitrogen-mediated carbon transformation during hydrothermal humification for the synthesis of nutrient-enriched artificial humic acids.

Hydrothermal humification (HTH) of biomass is a promising approach to address the depletion of soil organic matter. However, the HTH products derived from lignocellulose are limited by low nutrient availability and conversion efficiency. In this study, four nitrogen-containing additives were used to produce nitrogen-rich artificial humic acids (AHA) from crop waste.

Adaptive wavelength calibration for robust multi-plane phase retrieval.

Multi-plane phase retrieval reconstructs complex wavefronts from axially scanned diffraction patterns. However, laser instability or calibration errors can cause the experimental wavelength to deviate from the nominal value, resulting in cumulative phase errors and resolution loss. Here, we propose an adaptive wavelength calibration (AWC) algorithm to compensate for wavelength deviations by adjusting axial propagation distances during iteration.

Structural basis for engagement of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus with the PCDH10 receptor.

PCDH10 is a newly identified general receptor for Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) members, a group of encephalitic alphaviruses that cause severe diseases in humans and equids. While WEEV typically binds PCDH10 as a receptor, nonpathogenic strains have evolved to lose mammalian PCDH10 binding, retaining only avian PCDH10 affinity. Virulent strains also engage VLDLR and ApoER2 as alternative receptors.

Dynamic Behavior of Droplets Impacting on Superhydrophobic Substrates under Vibrational Fields.

The phenomenon of droplets impacting solid surfaces under a vibrating field is commonly observed in various production and application processes across industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and energy. This study examines the dynamic behavior of a free-falling droplet impacting a vibrating superhydrophobic substrate using high-speed photography. The effects of the initial phase angle (φ), Weber number (), and vibration frequency () on the droplet's morphological evolution and energy dissipation during the impact process are analyzed.

Association of serum creatinine-to-albumin ratio with 28-day all-cause mortality in older adults critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Sepsis has posed a significant global public health challenge, with advanced age, chronic diseases, and medication history in the older adults population significantly increasing the risk of organ failure or death. Serum creatinine (Cr) and albumin (Alb) are important predictors of mortality in individuals with various diseases. Therefore, our research aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum creatinine to albumin ratio (CAR) and 28-day all-cause mortality in older adults patients with sepsis.

Celastrol directly targets LRP1 to inhibit fibroblast-macrophage crosstalk and ameliorates psoriasis progression.

Psoriasis is an incurable chronic inflammatory disease that requires new interventions. Here, we found that fibroblasts exacerbate psoriasis progression by promoting macrophage recruitment CCL2 secretion by single-cell multi-omics analysis. The natural small molecule celastrol was screened to interfere with the secretion of CCL2 by fibroblasts and improve the psoriasis-like symptoms in both murine and cynomolgus monkey models.

Using Higher Diffraction Orders to Improve the Accuracy and Robustness of Overlay Measurements.

This paper introduces a method for improving the measurement performance of single wavelength overlay errors by incorporating higher diffraction orders. In this method, to enhance the accuracy and robustness of overlay error detection between layers, the measurement errors introduced by empirical formulas are corrected by incorporating higher diffraction orders, based on the differences in the light intensity difference curves for different diffraction orders. This method also expands the range of available wavelengths for selection.

Decoding dengue's neurological assault: insights from single-cell CNS analysis in an immunocompromised mouse model.

Background: Dengue encephalitis, a severe neurological complication of dengue virus infection, is increasingly recognized for its rising incidence and significant public health burden. Despite its growing prevalence, the underlying mechanisms and effective therapeutic strategies remain poorly understood.

Methods: Cellular atlas of dengue encephalitis was determined by single-nucleus RNA sequencing.

Small-area marks realize nanoscale lithography alignment by a spatial and frequency domain fusion neural network.

For traditional moiré-based lithography alignment technology, which is widely used in proximity lithography systems, complex alignment marks with larger areas are employed to achieve high-precision misalignment detection. However, every inch of space on the wafer is extremely precious in practice, leaving minimal space for alignment marks. Therefore, employing small-area alignment marks in lithography systems will be a very challenging task with considerable potential in the future.

Association between the development of sepsis and the triglyceride-glucose index in acute pancreatitis patients: a retrospective investigation utilizing the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Sepsis is a serious consequence of acute pancreatitis (AP) that requires immediate detection and treatment. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index demonstrated predictive ability for a number of diseases. In an effort to enhance clinical care and early warning systems, this study examined the association between the TyG index and sepsis risk with the aim of improving clinical care and early warning systems.

Experimental Study of Gas-Liquid Compound Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surface.

The impact dynamics of gas-liquid compound droplets (GLCD) on surfaces play a crucial role in optimizing processes such as atomization, coating, and microencapsulation. The dynamic behaviors of GLCD impacting superhydrophobic surfaces under varying impact heights, viscosities, and gas-liquid volume ratios (Φ) were investigated via high-speed photography. Three collision categories are defined according to GLCD morphology evolution under different parameters, i.

YBX1 is required for assembly of viral replication complexes of chikungunya virus and replication of multiple alphaviruses.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus, is a member of the alphaviruses and cause fever and arthralgia in humans. We performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based screens and identified Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) as an essential cellular factor for CHIKV. Deficiency of YBX1 inhibited CHIKV RNA replication and impaired virus production.

Methodological study on carbon sequestration accounting for emission reductions from the whole-chain utilization of livestock and poultry manure.

Effective livestock manure management is crucial for carbon neutrality. Scientific accounting methods and integrated management strategies can help guide reductions in carbon emissions and promote green development. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions by livestock manure, this study analyzed current accounting systems and focused on the complete chain of "collection-treatment-storage-use-returning" of manure based on the theoretical framework of greenhouse gas emissions accounting in the IPCC 2019 Guidelines.

SHP2-Triggered Endothelial Cell Activation Fuels Estradiol-Independent Endometrial Sterile Inflammation.

Sterile inflammation occurs in various chronic diseases due to many nonmicrobe factors. Examples include endometrial hyperplasia (EH), endometriosis, endometrial cancer, and breast cancer, which are all sterile inflammation diseases induced by estrogen imbalances. However, how estrogen-induced sterile inflammation regulates EH remains unclear.

Solidify Eutectic Electrolytes via the Added MXene as Nucleation Sites for a Solid-State Zinc-Ion Battery with Reconstructed Ion Transport.

Stationary energy storage infrastructure based on zinc-ion transport and storage chemistry is attracting more attention due to favorable metrics, including cost, safety, and recycling feasibility. However, splitting water and liquid electrolyte fluidity lead to cathode dissolution and Zn corrosion, resulting in rapid attenuation of the capacity and service life. Herein, a new architecture of solid-state electrolytes with high zinc ionic conductivity at room temperature was prepared via solidification of deep eutectic solvents utilizing MXene as nucleation additives.

Enhancing humic acids production from cornstalk under fast hydrothermal conditions: Insights into new pathways of skeleton self-polymerization and branch growth.

Hydrochar, a sustainable fertilizer rich in humic substances, is made from lignocellulose through hydrothermal conversion. However, hydrothermal humification (HTH) is challenged by low yields and limited selectivity in the resulting hydrochar. This study proved humic-like acids production can be enhanced under fast non-catalytic conditions (260 ∼ 280 °C, 0 ∼ 1 h).