Volumetric Patterning of Gels via Super Resolved Interference Lithography.

Here we demonstrate the volumetric patterning of photochromic gels by super-resolution interference lithography. Judicious choice of solvent, which impacts the photophysics of the photochromic switch, and ensuring the swollen nature of the gel, facilitate the highly parallelized patterning of thick gels via two-color interference lithography using cost-effective UV LEDs and visible-light laser diodes. Based on the predictions of a simple photokinetic model of the reversibly saturable writing process for contrast and feature size widths on the solvent-dependent thermal back reaction constant, ethylene glycol is chosen as the solvent.

LARS1 lactylation inhibits autophagy by activating mTORC1 to promote podocytes injury in diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression is predominantly attributed to podocyte injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. DKD patients exhibit elevated lactate concentrations due to impaired glucose metabolism.

Preparation of novel chiral stationary phases based on a chiral trianglsalen macrocycle by thiol-ene click chemistry for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography.

Macrocyclic compounds, with unique cyclic structures, well-defined molecular cavities and diverse functional properties, have shown broad application prospects in the fields of molecular recognition, catalysis, separation, and supramolecular chemistry. In this study, a novel chiral trianglsalen macrocycle (CTSM) was synthesized by a one-step condensation reaction of 3,3'-dihydroxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-dicarboxaldehyde with (1,2)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. Then, the CTSM was bonded to thiol-functionalized silica by a thiol-ene click approach to prepare two chiral stationary phases (CSPs), CSP-A and CSP-B, with different spacers for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

A homochiral metal-organic polyhedron CMOP-IL for capillary gas chromatographic separation.

Chiral metal-organic polyhedra (CMOPs) have come to be recognized as ideal materials for chromatographic enantioseparation owing to their unique molecular recognition ability. Herein, the utilization of a novel chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on CMOP-IL ([Cu(L)(HO)], IL = L-isoleucine) for gas chromatographic separation was explored. A variety of mixtures (n-alkanes, n-alcohols and alkylbenzenes) and multiple isomers were effectively separated on the CMOP-IL capillary column.

Preparation of a Homochiral Porous Organic Cage RCC2-S-Bonded Silica as a Stationary Phase for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Enantioseparation.

In this work, a reduced homochiral porous organic cage (RCC2-S)-based chiral stationary phase (CSP), RCC2-S@SiO-SH, was prepared by bonding RCC2-S on thiolated silica (SiO-SH) via a thiol-ene click reaction. The CSP (RCC2-S@SiO-SH) showed excellent enantioseparation in both normal-phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) and reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) modes, effectively separating various chiral compounds, including alcohols, esters, ketones, amines, imidazoles, epoxides, and organic acids. As a result, 12 racemates were enantioseparated under NP-HPLC, and 17 racemates were enantioseparated under RP-HPLC.

[Two-dimensional chiral metal-organic-framework nanosheets based on Co-BDC-NH used as stationary phases for gas chromatography].

Two-dimensional metal-organic-framework (2D-MOF) materials have emerged as a new class of functional 2D material. Compared to bulk crystals, 2D-MOFs are easily derivatized, highly porous, and have sufficient active sites. While 2D-MOFs are of considerable research interest, they are also efficient candidates for multiple applications in a variety of fields owing to their numerous advantages.

Construction of chiral crown ethers in robust covalent organic frameworks for electrochromatographic enantioseparation.

Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a rapidly emerging separation technique that merges the high separation efficiency of capillary electrophoresis with the exceptional selectivity of liquid chromatography. However, it remains a synthetic challenge to design functional chiral stationary phases (CSPs) with high chemical stability against acid and base in CEC enantioseparation. Here we demonstrate that incorporating chiral crown ethers into stable covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enables efficient and stable separations of racemates by CEC.

Glycosylated fibronectin in preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex multisystem disease, and its timely diagnosis and treatment impact the health of patients and perinatal infants. Studies have reported elevated levels of maternal serum glycosylated fibronectin (GlyFn) in patients with PE compared with pregnant women without PE (controls), suggesting its potential as a novel biomarker for screening and diagnosing PE. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate maternal serum GlyFn levels and their diagnostic accuracy in PE.

Preparation of a 1,1'-Binaphthyl-based Chiral Polyimine Macrocycle Bonded Chiral Stationary Phase by Thiol-ene Click Reaction and Its Enantioseparation Performance in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Chiral macrocycles have emerged as attractive media for chromatographic enantioseparation due to their excellent host-guest recognition properties. In this study, a new chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on 1,1'-binaphthyl chiral polyimine macrocycle (CPM) was reported. The CPM was synthesized by one-step aldehyde-amine condensation of (S)-2,2'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-binaphthalene]-3,3'-dicarboxaldehyde with 1,2-phenylenediamine and bonded on thiolated silica via the thiol-ene click reaction to afford the CSP.

Experimental Study on Suppression of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Fires.

Lithium-ion battery applications are increasing for battery-powered vehicles because of their high energy density and expected long cycle life. With the development of battery-powered vehicles, fire and explosion hazards associated with lithium-ion batteries are a safety issue that needs to be addressed. Lithium-ion batteries can go through a thermal runaway under different abuse conditions including thermal abuse, mechanical abuse, and electrical abuse, leading to a fire or explosion.

Insight into the post-translational modifications in pregnancy and related complications†.

Successful pregnancy is dependent on a number of essential events, including embryo implantation, decidualization, and placentation. Failure of the above process may lead to pregnancy-related complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction, may affect 15% of pregnancies, and lead to increased mortality and morbidity of pregnant women and perinatal infants, as well as the occurrence of short-term and long-term diseases. These complications have distinct etiology and pathogenesis, and the present comprehension is still lacking.

A multi-scale dense residual correlation network for remote sensing scene classification.

Most existing scene classification methods based on remote sensing images tend to ignore important interactive information at different levels in the image. We propose an effective remote sensing scene classification method named multi-scale dense residual correlation network. The method is divided into three parts.

[Chiral porous organic cage used as stationary phase for gas chromatographic separation of chiral and achiral compounds].

Porous organic cages (POCs) are a new type of molecular material. The well-defined cavities, abundant host-guest recognition ability, and good solubility of POCs render them attractive for use in various fields such as molecular recognition, gas adsorption, molecular containers, sensing, catalysis, chromatographic separation. In this study, a chiral POC (CPOC) was synthesized via the Schiff base condensation of 4,4',4″,4″'-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrabenzaldehyde with (,)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine.

Facile synthesis of a new chiral polyimine macrocycle and its application for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography.

Macrocyclic compounds such as crown ethers and cyclodextrins play an important role in the field of chromatography and show excellent separation performance. The design of simple and convenient methods for the efficient synthesis of novel chiral macrocycles for chromatographic separation is of great significance. In this work, a novel chiral polyimine macrocycle (PIMC) was designed and synthesized by the simply one-step reaction of 2,6-diformyl-4-tert-butylphenol with (S)-(-)-1,2-propanediamine.

Preparation and evaluation of a 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol-based chiral macrocycle bonded silica chiral stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography.

Macrocycles play vital roles in supramolecular chemistry and chromatography. 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL)-based chiral polyimine macrocycles are an emerging class of chiral macrocycles that can be constructed by one-step aldehyde-amine condensation of BINOL derivatives with other building blocks. These macrocycles exhibit good characteristics, such as facile preparation, rigid cyclic structures, multiple chiral centers, and defined molecular cavities, that make them good candidates as new chiral recognition materials for chromatographic enantioseparations.

Room temperature synthesis of a chiral covalent organic framework core-shell composite for high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation.

In this article, chiral covalent organic framework core-shell composite CCOF-TpPa-Py@SiO was facilely synthesized by induction at room temperature. The CCOF-TpPa-Py@SiO core-shell composite was used as a chiral stationary phase for the separation of the racemates by high-performance liquid chromatography, which exhibits good separation performance for chiral compounds including ketones, alcohols, esters, epoxides, carboxylic acids, amides, and amines. The effects of analyte injection mass on the enantioseparation were studied.

Recent progress for chiral stationary phases based on chiral porous materials in high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography separation.

Chirality is a fundamental property of nature. Separation and analysis of racemates are of great importance in the fields of medicine and the production of chiral biopharmaceutical intermediates. Chiral chromatography has the characteristics of a wide separation range, fast separation speed, and high efficiency.

Asymmetric catalytic synthesis of chiral covalent organic framework composite (S)-DTP-COF@SiO for HPLC enantioseparations by normal-phase and reversed-phase chromatographic modes.

A novel CCOF core-shell composite material (S)-DTP-COF@SiO was prepared via asymmetric catalytic and in situ growth strategy. The prepared (S)-DTP-COF@SiO was utilized as separation medium for HPLC enantioseparation using normal-phase and reversed-phase chromatographic modes, which displays excellent chiral separation performance for alcohols, esters, ketones, and epoxides, etc. Compared with chiral commercial chromatographic columns (Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H columns) and some previously reported chiral CCOF@SiO (CC-MP CCTF@SiO and MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO)-packed columns, there are 4, 3, 13, and 15 tested racemic compounds that could not be resolved on the Chiralpak AD-H column, Chiralcel OD-H column, CC-MP CCTF@SiO column, and MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO column, respectively, which indicates that the resolution effect of (S)-DTP-COF@SiO-packed column can be complementary to the other ones.

Subcomponent self-assembly construction of tetrahedral cage FeL for high-resolution gas chromatographic separation.

Metal organic cages (MOCs), as an emerging discrete supramolecular compounds, have received widespread attention in separation, biomedicine, gas capture, catalysis, and molecular recognition due to their porosity, adjustability and stability. Herein, we present a new chiral MOC FeL coated capillary column prepared for gas chromatographic (GC) separation of different types of organic compounds, including n-alkanes, n-alcohols, alkylbenzenes, isomers, especially for racemic compounds. There are 20 different kinds of racemates (e.

miR-4645-3p attenuates podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease by targeting Cdk5.

Podocyte injury plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understanding. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can disrupt gene expression by inducing translation inhibition and mRNA degradation, and recent evidence has shown that miRNAs may play a key role in many kidney diseases. In this study, we identified miR-4645-3p by global transcriptome expression profiling as one of the major downregulated miRNAs in high glucose-cultured podocytes.

Chiral-induced synthesis of chiral covalent organic frameworks core-shell microspheres for HPLC enantioseparation.

Two chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs) core-shell microspheres based on achiral organic precursors by chiral-induced synthesis strategy for HPLC enantioseparation are reported for the first time. Using n-hexane/isopropanol as mobile phase, various kinds of racemates were selected as analytes and separated on the CCOF-TpPa-1@SiO and CCOF-TpBD@SiO-packed columns with a low column backpressure (3 ~ 9 bar). The fabricated two CCOFs@SiO chiral columns exhibited good separation performance towards various racemates with high column efficiency (e.

Two-dimensional chiral metal-organic framework nanosheets L-hyp-Ni/Fe@SiO composite for HPLC separation.

In this study, we have synthesised a chiral l-hyp-Ni/Fe@SiO composite as a chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the first time. This was achieved by coating two-dimensional (2D) chiral metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) l-hyp-Ni/Fe onto the surface of activated SiO microspheres using the "wrapped in net" method. The separation efficiency of the l-hyp-Ni/Fe chromatographic column was systematically evaluated in normal-phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) and reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) configurations, employing various racemates as analytes.