An introduction to the Item Response Warehouse (IRW): A resource for enhancing data usage in psychometrics.

The Item Response Warehouse (IRW) is a collection and standardization of a large volume of item response datasets in a free and open-source platform for researchers. We describe key elements of the data standardization process and provide a brief description of the over 900 datasets in the current iteration of the IRW (version 28.2).

Associations between testosterone and future PTSD symptoms among middle age and older UK residents.

Testosterone has been theorized to influence the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the relationship between testosterone level and PTSD is still not well understood. We evaluated the potential association between testosterone and subsequent development of PTSD symptoms using a large sample size, in a civilian context, inclusive of both males and females.

How are cognitive abilities and mathematical abilities related in early childhood? Unraveling the mediation mechanism and age-related influences.

Mathematical ability in early childhood stands as an important predictor of not only subsequent academic achievements but also broader life outcomes, including social economic status, health, and well-being in adulthood. Cognitive factors, both domain-general and domain-specific, play a crucial role in shaping children's mathematical development, exerting varying levels of influence across different age groups. The underlying mediating mechanisms and age-related differences in these factors have garnered our attention.

Bayesian Growth Curve Modeling with Measurement Error in Time.

Growth curve modeling has been widely used in many disciplines to understand the trajectories of growth. Two popular forms utilized in the real-world analyses are the linear and quadratic growth curve models. These models operate on the assumption that measurements are conducted exactly at pre-set time or intervals.

Polytomous explanatory item response models for item discrimination: Assessing negative-framing effects in social-emotional learning surveys.

Modeling item parameters as a function of item characteristics has a long history but has generally focused on models for item location. Explanatory item response models for item discrimination are available but rarely used. In this study, we extend existing approaches for modeling item discrimination from dichotomous to polytomous item responses.

Acceptance of Virtual Reality in Trainees Using a Technology Acceptance Model: Survey Study.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) technologies have demonstrated therapeutic usefulness across a variety of health care settings. However, graduate medical education (GME) trainee perspectives on VR acceptability and usability are limited. The behavioral intentions of GME trainees with regard to VR as an anxiolytic tool have not been characterized through a theoretical framework of technology adoption.

A tutorial on Bayesian structural equation modelling: Principles and applications.

This paper explores the utilisation of Bayesian structural equation modelling (BSEM) in psychology, highlighting its advantages over frequentist methods for handling complex models and small sample sizes. Basic concepts and fundamental issues relevant to BSEM are introduced, such as prior setting, model convergence, and model fit evaluation and so on. The paper also provides illustrative examples of commonly employed BSEMs, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models, mediation models and multigroup CFA models, accompanied by empirical data and computer codes to facilitate implementation.

Conversion of farmland to forest or grassland improves soil carbon, nitrogen, and ecosystem multi-functionality in a subtropical karst region of southwest China.

The conversion of farmland to forest in China has been recognized for its positive impact on above-ground vegetation and carbon sequestration. However, the impact on soil quality during land conversion, particularly in vulnerable karst areas, has received less attention. In this study conducted in a karst area of southwest China, eight different farmland conversion strategies were investigated to assess improvements in surface soil carbon, nitrogen, and ecosystem multi-functionality (EMF).

Thoracic spine infection caused by : A case report and review of literature.

Background: The clinical incidence of spinal infection is gradually increasing, and its onset is insidious, easily leading to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, which may lead to serious complications such as nervous system dysfunction, spinal instability and/or deformity, and cause a huge burden on society and families. Early identification of the causative agent and precision medicine will greatly reduce the suffering of patients. At present, the main pathogenic bacteria that cause spinal infection are , Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, , and Klebsiella.

Witnessing family violence and adolescent cyberbullying perpetration: A longitudinal moderated mediation model involving anger dysregulation and teacher support.

Background: Family violence has been shown to be associated with traditional adolescent bullying perpetration. However, few studies have considered the association between witnessing family violence and adolescent bullying perpetration in cyberspace.

Objective: The present study aimed to reveal the mechanism explaining the association between witnessing family violence and adolescent cyberbullying perpetration by testing the mediating effect of anger dysregulation and the moderating effect of teacher support.

The impact of perceived life stress and online social support on university students' mental health during the post-COVID era in Northwestern China: gender-specific analysis.

Background: Before the pandemic, research had already established the potential impact of perceived life stress and social support on the mental health status of Chinese students. However, in the Post-COVID Era, the specific mechanisms linking these variables and the distinct role of online social support remain relatively unexplored.

Methods: After the cessation of China's dynamic zeroing policy, a total of 1180 university students from Northwestern China participated in this study by completing a demographic questionnaire, as well as self-report measures assessing mental health, perceived life stress, and online social support.

A karst-inspired hierarchical Mg/Al layered double hydroxide with a high entropy-driven process for interception and storage.

Karstification plays a crucial role in forming magnificent scenery, and storing oil, natural gas, mineral resources, and water. Through the inspiration of karstification, a hierarchical layered double hydroxide (LDH) with funnel-like and cave-like structures (called Karst-LDH) is formed by the dissolution of acrylic acid/water solution. Meanwhile, the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show that Karst-LDH has complicated and interconnected internal pipe networks.

Testing informative hypotheses in factor analysis models using bayes factors.

This study proposes a Bayesian approach to testing informative hypotheses in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models. The informative hypothesis, which is formulated by the constrained loadings, can directly represent researchers' theories or expectations about the tau equivalence in reliability analysis, item-level discriminant validity, and relative importance of indicators. Support for the informative hypothesis is quantified by the Bayes factor.

Mother phubbing and harsh mothering: Mothers' irritability and adolescents' gender as moderators.

Background: While extant evidence supports the link between mother phubbing (Mphubbing) and harsh mothering, the current understanding of factors that may affect this relationship is limited.

Methods: Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the relation between Mphubbing and harsh mothering, as well as to explore whether mothers' irritability and adolescents' gender would moderate this relationship. The participants included 482 middle school students (51.

Bayesian regularization in multiple-indicators multiple-causes models.

Integrating regularization methods into structural equation modeling is gaining increasing popularity. The purpose of regularization is to improve variable selection, model estimation, and prediction accuracy. In this study, we aim to: (a) compare Bayesian regularization methods for exploring covariate effects in multiple-indicators multiple-causes models, (b) examine the sensitivity of results to hyperparameter settings of penalty priors, and (c) investigate prediction accuracy through cross-validation.

[Adsorption Characteristics and Mechanism of Ammonia Nitrogen in Water by Nano Zero-valent Iron-modified Biochar].

The adsorption performances of ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) in water by unmodified biochar are ineffective. In this study, nano zero-valent iron-modified biochar (nZVI@BC) was prepared to remove NH-N from water. The NH-N adsorption characteristics of nZVI@BC were investigated through adsorption batch experiments.

In the presence and absence of conflicting testimony, children's selective trust in the in-group informant in moral judgment and knowledge access.

In this study, we assessed whether the trust model formed by children in a moral judgment context with an inaccurate in-group informant affected their corresponding trust model in the knowledge access context and whether conditions (the presence of conflicting testimony: an inaccurate in-group informant paired with an accurate out-group informant; the absence of conflicting testimony: only an inaccurate in-group informant) influenced the trust model. Children aged 3 to 6 years (N = 215; 108 girls) in blue T-shirts as in-group members completed selective trust tasks in the moral judgment and knowledge access contexts. Results for moral judgment showed that children under both conditions were more likely to trust informants based on accurate judgments and gave less consideration to group identity.

Water-Land-Food Nexus for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Main Grain-Producing Areas of North China Plain.

Stable and sustainable food production is an important guarantee for national security and social stability. The uneven distribution of cultivated land and water resources will threaten national food security. In this study, we adopt the Gini coefficient and water-land matching coefficient for exploring the water-land nexus in the main grain-producing areas of North China Plain (NCP) from 2000 to 2020.

The influence of in-groups and out-groups on the theory-of-mind processing: evidence from different ethnic college students.

According to previous studies of theory of mind (ToM), social environment and cultural background affect individuals' cognitive ability to understand other people's minds. There are cross-group differences in ToM. The present study aimed to examine whether social environment and culture affect the ToM in Uygur and Han groups and whether the individual's cognitive ToM and affective ToM show in-group advantages.