Reactive oxygen species mediate black phosphorus quantum dots assembled microneedle patches for keratitis therapy.

Keratitis, a leading cause of corneal blindness in China, demands urgent intervention due to the rapid progression of bacterial (BK) and fungal keratitis (FK). We engineered oxidation-resistant dissolving microneedle patches (MNs(+)) loaded with black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) to overcome limitations of conventional ocular treatments. BPQDs exhibited potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity (>95 % bactericidal rate against four strains) by disrupting microbial membrane integrity, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and eradicating mature biofilms.

Identifying Risk and Protective Factors Impacting the Clinical Outcomes of Subthreshold Anxiety in Early Adolescents: Insights From the ABCD Study.

Subthreshold anxiety (STA) is a significant risk factor for developing anxiety disorder (AX), particularly in adolescence. Understanding the risk and protective factors of the development of STA in early life is essential for early prevention and intervention efforts. However, research on this topic is scarce.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of [F]AlF-Labeled Integrin αvβ6-Targeting Tracers for Pancreatic Cancer Imaging.

Integrin αvβ6 is an attractive target for theranostic applications in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Yet, there remains a lack of an ideal PET/CT tracer targeting αvβ6. In this study, we designed two novel PET/CT tracers [F]AlF-Glc-αvβ6L and [F]AlF-Asp2-αvβ6L with hydrophilic linkers.

Novel treatments for bacterial keratitis: A review.

Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a critical ophthalmic emergency and one of the leading causes of corneal blindness. The current clinical management for BK involves surgical intervention and drug therapy. However, limited availability of surgical options due to lack of expertise, corneal tissue, and necessary infrastructure, among other reasons, poses challenges.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Novel Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein: From Bench to Bedside.

FAPI-PET/CT has become a promising tool for cancer diagnosis. However, the pharmacokinetic properties of FAPI tracers need optimization. Here, we developed a novel FAPI tracer, [F]AlF-NOTA-SPA-FAPT, for cancer imaging.

Lower functional connectivity state transitions during affective processing correlate with subsequent impairment in sustaining positive affect in subthreshold depression.

Background: Diminished capacity for maintaining positive affect (PA) has been identified in subthreshold depression (StD). While recent studies have explored affective dynamics among StD, the relationship between early emotional processing impairments and the capacity to prolong PA remains uncertain. Furthermore, it is unclear how brain connectivity patterns observed in StD are associated with PA maintenance.

Accelerated brain aging in patients with major depressive disorder and its neurogenetic basis: evidence from neurotransmitters and gene expression profiles.

Background: Numerous studies have explored the relationship between brain aging and major depressive disorder (MDD) and attempted to explain the phenomenon of faster brain aging in patients with MDD from multiple perspectives. However, a major challenge in this field is elucidating the ontological basis of these changes. Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between brain structural changes in MDD-related brain aging and neurotransmitter expression levels and transcriptomics.

Risk and Protective Factors for the Evolution of Subthreshold Depression During Early Adolescence.

Purpose: Subthreshold depression refers to a condition involving clinically significant depressive symptoms that fall short of meeting the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying risk and protective factors associated with the progression of subthreshold depression in early life is essential for timely prevention. However, there is limited research on this topic among early adolescents.

Charting brain GABA and glutamate levels across psychiatric disorders by quantitative analysis of 121 H-MRS studies.

Background: Psychiatric diagnosis is based on categorical diagnostic classification, yet similarities in genetics and clinical features across disorders suggest that these classifications share commonalities in neurobiology, particularly regarding neurotransmitters. Glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the brain's primary excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, play critical roles in brain function and physiological processes.

Methods: We examined the levels of Glu, combined glutamate and glutamine (Glx), and GABA across psychiatric disorders by pooling data from 121 H-MRS studies and further divided the sample based on Axis I disorders.

Brain abscess caused by in an immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review.

Brain abscesses caused by are rarely reported and are typically found in immunocompromised patients. The challenges in identifying the pathogen and the frequent delays in initiating appropriate therapy often result in a poor prognosis for patients. We herein report a rare case of a brain abscess caused by in a 63-year-old patient with a history of hypertension but no history of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Prevalence and risk of subthreshold anxiety developing into threshold anxiety disorder in the general population.

Background: Subthreshold anxiety may act as a critical precursor and risk factor for the onset of threshold anxiety. However, accurate prevalence rates of subthreshold anxiety and its role in leading to threshold anxiety require further elucidation.

Methods: We conducted a search on PubMed and Web of Science using predefined criteria and identified 45 articles with a total of 278,971 individuals to estimate the prevalence rates using a random effects model.

Acute stress impairs intentional memory suppression through aberrant prefrontal cortex activation in high trait ruminators.

Objective: Research shows that the effect of acute stress on intentional memory suppression could be modulated by individual differences in psychological traits. However, whether acute stress distinctly affects intentional memory suppression in high trait ruminators, a high at-risk group of stress-related disorders, and the neural correlations, remains unclear.

Method: 55 healthy college students were divided into high and low trait ruminators (HTR and LTR), Following stress manipulation, a Think/No Think task assessed the memory suppression performance.

Age-related positive emotional reactivity decline associated with the anterior insula based resting-state functional connectivity.

Recent studies have suggested that emotional reactivity changes with age, but the neural basis is still unclear. The insula may be critical for the emotional reactivity. The current study examined how ageing affects emotional reactivity using the emotional reactivity task data from a human sample (Cambridge Center for Age and Neuroscience, N = 243, age 18-88 years).

Brain Stem and Entire Spinal Leptomeningeal Dissemination of Supratentorial Glioblastoma Multiforme in a Patient during Postoperative Radiochemotherapy: Case Report and Review of the Literatures.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignancy of the central nervous system in adults. Macroscopically evident and symptomatic spinal metastases occur rarely. Autopsy series suggest that approximately 25% of patients with intracranial GBM have evidence of spinal subarachnoid seeding, although the exact incidence is not known as postmortem examination of the spine is not routinely performed.