Characteristics and management of mechanically ventilated patients in South Korea compared with other high-income Asian countries and regions.

Background: This study investigated the characteristics of mechanically ventilated patients in South Korean intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods: We conducted a subgroup analysis of a multinational observational study. Data from 271 mechanically ventilated patients in South Korean ICUs were analyzed for demographics, ventilation practices, and mortality, and were compared with those of 327 patients from other high-income Asian countries.

Therapeutic potential of sulfasalazine for sarcopenia: Insights from mouse models and clinical data.

Sarcopenia, a disease marked by a progressive loss of muscle mass, increases the risks of disability and metabolic disorders, and decreases quality of life. Current therapeutic options are limited. YY1 transcriptional activity is augmented through an interaction with PHF20 at its promoter region, suppressing muscle differentiation.

Bridging ADRD Gaps: Insights from Community-led Listening Sessions Among the Korean American Immigrants in New York.

With an aging population, there is a growing concern regarding Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD). Underserved racial and ethnic groups, including Korean Americans (KAs), face challenges in accessing ADRD information. To better understand the issues on ADRD among KA elders and involve them in community initiatives, the Korean Community Services in New York conducted three listening sessions: two sessions with individuals of different age groups (40 and above and 65 and above) and one with caregivers or individuals who interact with ADRD patients.

Smartphone-based non-invasive biofeedback therapy for post-stroke sleep disorders: short report.

Post-stroke sleep disorders (PSSDs), particularly insomnia, are common yet insufficiently recognized complications that can negatively affect recovery in stroke patients. Existing treatment options are often hindered by side effects, complex protocols, or cumbersome equipment. This short report introduces a smartphone-based biofeedback intervention designed to address insomnia by targeting autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction.

Attitudes among therapists who do (or do not) implement feedback-informed treatment.

Studies of psychotherapy efficacy have highlighted the importance of feedback-informed treatment (FIT), which involves the routine collection of client process and outcome data to inform intervention formulation and clinical decision making. Despite the relative ease with which FIT measures can be integrated into therapeutic practices, many providers do not use these information-gathering tools. The present study analyzed survey responses from therapists whose use of FIT was systemically incentivized and structurally supported.

Temporal Regulation of Cytokines and Growth Factors for Optimized Hematopoietic-Lineage Specification from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used to investigate hematopoietic development and have the potential to advance cell-based therapies and to facilitate developmental biology studies. However, efficient differentiation into hematopoietic lineages, including red blood cells (RBCs) of the erythroid lineage and immune cells such as macrophages of the myeloid lineage, is hampered by the need for precise temporal regulation of cytokines and growth factors. In this study, we developed an optimized protocol for hematopoietic lineage specification from hPSCs by fine-tuning the temporal dynamics of cytokine and growth factor applications.

Highly sensitive thin SERS substrate by sandwich nanoarchitecture using multiscale nanomaterials for pesticide detection on curved surface of fruit.

Various flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates have been developed for the Raman detection of environmental pollutants due to their high sensitivity, low cost, and rapid sampling capabilities. However, achieving high reproducibility, reliability, and sensitivity in large areas remains challenging. In this study, we present a simple fabrication method for a layered, sandwich-nanoarchitectured SERS substrate consisting of multiscale nanomaterials of (1) 0D, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), (2) 1D, TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose fibers (TC), and (3) 2D, MXene (TiCT).

Influence of oceanic emission and gas transfer velocity on atmospheric dimethyl sulfide distribution over the Southern Ocean.

Oceanic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a major source of atmospheric sulfur, particularly significant in the Antarctic region. This study conducted nine sensitivity simulations using the Community Earth System Model version 2, combining three seawater DMS climatological inventories and three gas transfer velocities. The most sensitive changes in atmospheric DMS were simulated over the subpolar region according to the DMS inventories and gas transfer velocities.

A depression-associated protein FKBP5 functions in autophagy initiation through scaffolding the VPS34 complex.

Common variants in the FKBP5 gene have been implicated in recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and response to antidepressant treatment. Although the relationship between FKBP5 and MDD has been revealed through several studies, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which FKBP5 regulates responsiveness to antidepressants have not been fully understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of FKBP5 in autophagy initiation and its potential role in the antidepressant response.

Queer in college? Sexual orientation disparities in therapist effectiveness in a national sample of university counseling center clients.

Over the past 2 decades, a growing body of research has revealed that therapists differ in how effective they are at facilitating change depending on their clients' social identities (see Imel et al., 2011, for example). Most studies examining the phenomenon of variability within therapists' caseloads are based on the study of client race/ethnicity.

Biotic and abiotic factors controlling isoprene, DMS, and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the Southern Ocean in the Austral fall.

We present shipborne observations of volatile organic compounds such as dimethylsulfide (DMS), isoprene, acetaldehyde, acetone, and methanol over the Southern Ocean in April and May 2018. During the cruise, we encountered air masses influenced by the open ocean, coastal Antarctica, and sea ice. No direct correlation between oceanographic parameters and ambient distributions of VOCs is found.

Comparison of Clinical, Radiologic, and Arthroscopic Outcomes Between the Microfracture and Microdrilling Techniques for Articular Cartilage Defects in Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Background: Microfracture is the most common procedure for cartilage lesions during medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), but microdrilling has recently been introduced as an alternative technique.

Purpose: To compare the clinical, radiologic, and arthroscopic outcomes of microfracture and microdrilling during MOWHTO.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Arthroscopic Microdrilling for Full-Thickness Trochlear Cartilage Defects in Patients Undergoing High Tibial Osteotomy Confers Improved Cartilage Status at 1 Year and Rate of Minimal Clinically Important Difference at Short-Term Follow-Up.

Purpose: To compare the patient-reported outcome (PRO) improvements and cartilage status of trochlear cartilage defects (TCDs) after additional arthroscopic microdrilling versus no treatment for TCDs during medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).

Methods: Patients who underwent MOWHTO with either microdrilling (group M) or no treatment (group N) for near full-thickness TCDs (International Cartilage Repair Society grade IIIB or greater) from March 2010 to September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, with a minimum 2-year follow-up. 1:1 Propensity score-matched group N was created.

Gradient Porous and Carbon Black-Integrated Cellulose Acetate Aerogel for Scalable Radiative Cooling.

Passive temperature controls like passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC)-heating (PDRH), and thermal insulation are essential to meet the growing demand for energy-efficient thermal solutions. When combined with advanced functions like electromagnetic interference shielding, these technologies can significantly enhance scalability. However, existing approaches using single thin films or uniform porous materials face inherent limitations in optimizing versatile functions, while lightweight, insulating aerogels can extend their multifunctionality by manipulating pores and fillers.

Strategically Designed Uniform MOF-Derived Nanoporous Carbon Aerogel for Efficient Solar-Driven Desalination by Control of Hydrophilicity and Thermal Conductivity.

Desalination techniques using the photothermal effect hold significant potential for producing fresh water from saline or polluted sources due to their low energy consumption. In the case of commercialized carbon materials are related to heat loss resulting from high thermal conductivity, and metal particles still have trouble in commercialization or cost-effectiveness. This is because a photothermal desalination evaporator must simultaneously exhibit high water evaporation performance, excellent energy conversion efficiency, sufficient hydrophilicity, and low heat loss.

Effect of catalyst and oxidant concentrations in a TEMPO oxidation system on the production of cellulose nanofibers.

In traditional TEMPO oxidation systems, the high cost of TEMPO catalysts has been a significant barrier to the industrialization of oxidized CNF. From an economic perspective, presenting the characteristics of various CNFs produced with the oxidation systems with reduced catalyst usage could facilitate the industrial application of CNF across a wide range of fields. In this study, it was demonstrated that reducing the amount of TEMPO catalyst used (from 0.

Piano performance evaluation dataset with multilevel perceptual features.

This study aims to build a comprehensive dataset that enables the automatic evaluation of piano performances. In real-world piano performance, especially within the realm of classical piano music, we encounter a vast spectrum of performance variations. The challenge lies in how to effectively evaluate these performances.

Facile fabrication of shape-controllable and reusable nanoporous catalytic aerogels based on Co-MOF and agarose for efficient decomposition of organic pollutants in water.

Sulfate radical (SO)-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have been studied to date by utilizing metal-organic frameworks as efficient catalysts to generate sulfate radicals by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in water purification. It is important to select high-performance and reliable catalysts for efficient water remediation, and separation and recovery of catalysts are essential in the practical application of MOFs. Herein, we adapted thermally curable, shape-controllable, and cost-effective agarose (AG) as a smart matrix and ZIF-67, as a powerful catalyst to prepare nanoarchitectured aerogel (Z67@AG).

Investigation of Tissue-Specific Distribution and Genetic Variation of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Chinese Artichoke Mosaic Virus in Chinese Artichoke (Stachys affinis miq.).

The Chinese artichoke (Stachys affinis syn. S. sieboldii) is a widely cultivated crop, and its rhizome is used as a medicinal vegetable.

ESCRT-III: a versatile membrane remodeling machinery and its implications in cellular processes and diseases.

The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is an evolutionarily conserved cytosolic protein complex that plays a crucial role in membrane remodeling and scission events across eukaryotes. Initially discovered for its function in multivesicular body (MVB) formation, the ESCRT complex has since been implicated in a wide range of membrane-associated processes, including endocytosis, exocytosis, cytokinesis, and autophagy. Recent advances have elucidated the ESCRT assembly pathway and highlighted the distinct functions of the various ESCRT complexes and their associated partners.

Combined Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Results in Better Knee Stability and More Satisfactory Subjective Outcomes in Non-Athlete Patients Undergoing Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

: Consensus has not yet been reached regarding combined anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ALLR) with revisional anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (RACLR). We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between patients who underwent isolated RACLR and those who underwent RACLR combined with ALLR. : Between June 2010 and June 2021, 49 patients who underwent RACLR were retrospectively reviewed over a 24-month follow-up.

An epidermal growth factor receptor-targeting immunotoxin based on IgG shows potent antitumor activity against head and neck cancer.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important target for cancer therapies. Many head and neck cancer (HNC) cells have been reported to overexpress EGFR; therefore, anti-EGFR therapies have been attempted in patients with HNC. However, its clinical efficacy is limited owing to the development of drug resistance.

Ibulocydine Inhibits Migration and Invasion of TNBC Cells via MMP-9 Regulation.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer types, indicating a poor survival prognosis with a more aggressive biology of metastasis to the lung and a short response duration to available therapies. Ibulocydine (IB) is a novel (cyclin-dependent kinase) CDK7/9 inhibitor prodrug displaying potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer cell types. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether IB inhibits metastasis and eventually overcomes the poor drug response in TNBC.