UV Circular Dichroism of Molecular Films on Plasmonic Nanostructures: A Comparative Case Study with On-Resonant Aluminum and Off-Resonant Silver Nanoparticles.

Electronic absorption bands of important biomolecules and pharmaceutical compounds lie in the ultraviolet (UV) between 180 nm and 280 nm and thus in a spectral range that does not overlap with the localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of conventional gold (Au) or silver (Ag) nanoantennas. Aluminum (Al) nanostructures support resonances in the UV, and there is significant interest in utilizing UV-resonant nanostructured Al substrates for enhancing the sensitivity of chiroptical spectroscopies, such as circular dichroism (CD). In this study, we compare the CD of a chiral molecular film on Al and Ag substrates and evaluate the role of inherent and induced absorptive CD as well as of scattering CD in the UV.

Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem cell derived from cynomolgus monkey (cmESF-iPS-C4).

Cynomolgus monkey iPSCs were generated from ear fibroblasts, offering a non-invasive and accessible cell source for autologous therapies and preclinical research. These iPSCs demonstrated robust pluripotency and differentiation potential, successfully giving rise to functional macrophages. Validation confirmed chromosomal stability, transgene clearance, and mycoplasma-free status.

Global Challenges and Advancements in the Management of Pivotal Porcine/Swine Viral Diseases.

Porcine/swine viral diseases pose substantial challenges to the global pig industry by affecting animal health and economic stability. This comprehensive review examines four major viral diseases impacting swine populations worldwide: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), African swine fever (ASF), classical swine fever (CSF), and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). We investigated the etiology, epidemiology, clinical signs, and diagnostic methods for each disease, thereby providing an in-depth understanding of their complexities.

Temporal Regulation of Cytokines and Growth Factors for Optimized Hematopoietic-Lineage Specification from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used to investigate hematopoietic development and have the potential to advance cell-based therapies and to facilitate developmental biology studies. However, efficient differentiation into hematopoietic lineages, including red blood cells (RBCs) of the erythroid lineage and immune cells such as macrophages of the myeloid lineage, is hampered by the need for precise temporal regulation of cytokines and growth factors. In this study, we developed an optimized protocol for hematopoietic lineage specification from hPSCs by fine-tuning the temporal dynamics of cytokine and growth factor applications.

Comprehensive effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on cynomolgus macaques across various fecal conditions.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and probiotics therapies represent key clinical options, yet their complex effects on the host are not fully understood. We evaluated the comprehensive effects of FMT using diarrheal or normal feces, as well as probiotic therapies, on multiple anatomical sites in healthy cynomolgus macaques through colonoscopy and surgery. Our research revealed that FMT led to a partial microbiome transplantation without exhibiting the donor's fecal clinical characteristics.

Clostridium ventriculi in a cynomolgus monkey with acute gastric dilatation and rupture: A case report.

Acute gastric dilatation (AGD) is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening diseases in nonhuman primates worldwide. However, the etiology of this syndrome has not been determined. Recently, sudden death occurred in a 7-year-old female cynomolgus monkey with a history of fecal microbiota transplantation using diarrheic stools.