Development and validation of a novel prognostic model to predict 1-year post-transplant mortality for acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure: a nationwide, multicentre, cohort study.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) provides a potential cure for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). We aimed to develop and externally validate a prognostic model to predict 1-year post-LT mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF.

Methods: This retrospective, nationwide, observational cohort study was conducted at ten high-volume LT centres in China.

Fosfomycin-induced liver injury: A case report and literature review.

Background: Fosfomycin is an antibiotic often used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) with only rare transient hepatotoxicity. We present a case of fosfomycin-induced liver injury and describe the histopathologic findings on biopsy.

Methods: A 64-year-old female patient with no prior liver disease or risk factors was started on fosfomycin as prophylaxis for recurrent UTIs.

Integrated Analysis of Survival, Physiological-Biochemical, and Transcriptomic Changes Reveals the Impact of Saline Stress on the Freshwater Snail .

Salinity is an important abiotic stress that affects metabolic and physiological activities, breeding, development, and growth of mollusks. In this study, we investigated the effects of a range of water salinity on the apple snail , a highly invasive species and an important pest of rice. To examine the molecular response of to salinity, we recorded young snails grown in a saline water environment for 4 months and compared their physiological and biochemical parameters with those of freshwater snails.

Advances in pharmacological research on myocardial remodeling agents: A decade in review.

Myocardial remodeling, a complex adaptive response to pathological stimuli, plays a pivotal role in the progression of various cardiovascular diseases, including arrhythmias and heart failure. Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of myocardial remodeling and exploring the efficacy of single and multicomponent agents. Myocardial remodeling entails a complex signaling network that incorporates certain identified critical "bridge nodes," which are also significant drug targets in classical pharmacological approaches.

Efficacy of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent and potentially fatal respiratory condition. Acute exacerbations can accelerate lung function decline and increase mortality. Acupuncture has been increasingly used as an adjunctive treatment for respiratory diseases, but its effectiveness in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) remains controversial.

Multi-omic analysis reveals a CAF-stemness-governed classification in HCC liver transplant recipients beyond the Milan criteria.

In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) meeting the Milan criteria, liver transplantation (LT) is an effective therapy. This study aims to define the survival-related molecular biological features helping precisely identifying the patients with HCC beyond the Milan criteria who have acceptable outcomes. In the derivation cohort, integrated analyses of tumor tissues are conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), proteomic landscape, and transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq).

Identification of abdominal MRI features associated with histopathological severity and treatment response in autoimmune hepatitis.

Unlabelled: To identify abdominal contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features associated with histopathological severity, and treatment response in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Patients And Methods: AIH patients who had abdominal contrast MRI within 3 months of liver biopsy were retrospectively enrolled. Histopathological severity, liver volume, MRI features, laboratory tests, and treatment response were collected.

Practical implementation and impact of the 4R principles in ethnopharmacology: Pursuing a more humane approach to research.

Ethnopharmacology, a discipline focused on studying the medicinal use of natural materials by humans, plays a crucial role in addressing challenges in modern drug development. However, the traditional 3R principle-Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement-have limitations in guiding the ethical management of animal experimentation, conducting animal studies, and utilizing animal-derived materials in ethnopharmacological research. To address these gaps, the field has introduced the 4R principles, which expand the original framework by adding "Responsibility.

Development and Validation of a Novel Model to Discriminate Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Background And Aim: Discriminating between idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is critical yet challenging. We aim to develop and validate a machine learning (ML)-based model to aid in this differentiation.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study utilised a development set from Beijing Friendship Hospital, with retrospective and prospective validation sets from 10 tertiary hospitals across various regions of China spanning January 2009 to May 2023.

Identification of key ferroptosis‑related biomarkers in Kawasaki disease by clinical and experimental validation.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile rash that is primarily characterized by systemic vasculitis and is the leading cause of childhood-acquired heart disease. At present, a KD diagnosis is solely dependent on clinical symptoms and effective diagnostic markers are unavailable. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, contributes to the pathophysiology of infectious diseases.

Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder with known etiologies had more severe portal hypertension and poorer outcomes.

Background: Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD) is a clinicopathological entity and often associated with various etiologies. We aimed to compare the clinical and pathological features and outcomes of PSVD in patients with and without known etiologies in a Chinese cohort.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled liver-biopsy confirmed patients with PSVD.

Landscape of structural variants reveals insights for local adaptations in the Asian corn borer.

Capturing the genetic diversity of different wild populations is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms of adaptation and establishing links between genome evolution and local adaptation. The Asian corn borer (ACB) moth has undergone natural selection during its adaptative evolution. However, structural variants (SVs), which play significant roles in these adaptation processes, have not been previously identified.

Strategies of invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata during hibernation in rice fields of south China: effects of body size, sex, and soil depth.

Background: The invasive freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata is an agricultural pest with a certain level of tolerance to abiotic stress. After the harvest of late rice, the snails usually burrow themselves into the soil surface layers to overwinter and pose a renewed threat to rice production in the following year. Revealing the response of snails to environmental stresses is crucial for developing countermeasures to control their damage and spread.

Effect of Metaldehyde on Survival, Enzyme Activities, and Histopathology of the Apple Snail (Lamarck 1822).

, as an invasive exotic species in Asia, can adversely affect crop yields, eco-environment, and human health. Application of molluscicides containing metaldehyde is one effective method for controlling . In order to investigate the effects of metaldehyde on adult snails, we conducted acute toxicological experiments to investigate the changes in enzyme activities and histopathology after 24 h and 48 h of metaldehyde action.

An integrated proteomics and metabolomics approach to assess graft quality and predict early allograft dysfunction after liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) is a common complication after liver transplantation (LT) and is associated with poor prognosis. Graft itself plays a major role in the development of EAD. We aimed to reveal the EAD-specific molecular profiles to assess graft quality and establish EAD predictive models.

Complementary and alternative medicine: A narrative review of nutritional approaches for cancer-related fatigue.

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom among patients with cancer, with a prevalence of >49%. CRF significantly affects the quality of life of patients and may also affect their overall survival. Pharmacological interventions serve as a last resort after carefully weighing the risks and benefits, with limited benefits for patients, many side effects, and adverse reactions.

Autoimmune hepatitis with confluent necrosis indicates severe liver injury but responds well to standard immunosuppressive therapy.

We aimed to study the effects of different extensive confluent necrosis on complete biochemical remission, side effects of immunosuppressants, and outcomes in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Patients with liver biopsy, receiving standard immunosuppressive therapy (IST), and regular follow-up were retrospectively recruited. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics between Ishak confluent necrosis scores ≤4 (the non-severe AIH group) and ≥5 (the severe AIH group) were compared.

TP53/mTORC1-mediated bidirectional regulation of PD-L1 modulates immune evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy has facilitated great breakthroughs in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the efficacy and response rate of immunotherapy are limited and vary among different patients with HCC. TP53 mutation substantially affects the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in multiple cancers.

Soil bacterial communities associated with marbled fruit in Blanco 'Orah'.

Blanco 'Orah' is grown throughout southern China and provides enormous economic value. However, the agricultural industry has suffered substantial losses during recent years due to marbled fruit disease. The present study focuses on the soil bacterial communities associated with marbled fruit in 'Orah'.