Shared and distinct alterations in brain structure of youth with internalizing or externalizing disorders: Findings from the ENIGMA Antisocial Behavior, ADHD, MDD, and Anxiety Working Groups.

Background: Externalizing and internalizing disorders are common in youth but are often studied separately, preventing researchers from identifying shared (i.e., transdiagnostic) alterations in brain structure.

Adhesive hydrogels containing berberine and mesoporous silica nanocarriers: a potential therapy for neurovascular dysfunction and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and the predominant form of dementia among the elderly. Berberine (BBR) is an approved drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD) that has demonstrated a substantial improvement in cognitive function, proficient management of neurobehavioral symptoms, and enhancement of performance in vital everyday activities. Nonetheless, the adverse effects of the drug encompass vomiting and nausea, considerable variations in blood concentrations, and inadequate patient adherence.

Joint association of physical activity and dietary quality on mortality risk in individuals with depression: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Depression affects about 5 % of the global adult population and increases mortality. Physical activity (PA) and dietary quality (DQ) are both related to depression and mortality. However, there is limited research on the combined effects of PA and DQ among individuals with depression.

The Association Between High Levels of Aggression and Insomnia in Chinese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Latent Profile Analysis.

Aggression has been reported to be associated with insomnia in adolescents. However, the impact of aggression and different levels of aggression on insomnia needs further exploration. This study aimed to explore the association of aggression, as well as different profiles of aggression, with insomnia in Chinese adolescents.

Insomnia and depressive symptoms mediate childhood abuse and psychotic experience of male juvenile offenders: a chain mediation model.

Background: Male juvenile offenders, a high-risk group with elevated recidivism and violent crime rates, face significant mental health problems, particularly with a high prevalence of psychotic experiences. Childhood abuse is known to play a key role in such experiences. Evidence suggests that insomnia and depressive symptoms may mediate the relationship between childhood abuse and psychotic experiences.

Association Between Abnormal Plasma Lipid Metabolism and Psychological Characteristics in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents is a significant global public health issue, yet its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Although changes in lipid metabolites have been observed in people with MDD, most relevant studies focus on adults, with limited research on adolescents. Furthermore, little is known about how interactions between metabolites and psychosocial factors contribute to MDD among adolescents.

China's Healthy City Pilot Policy Improves Physical and Mental Health Outcomes for Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on CHARLS.

Background: Rapid urbanization in China has raised significant public health concerns, particularly regarding residents' physical and mental well-being. Effective interventions are urgently needed to address these issues.

Objective: This study evaluates the impact of China's Healthy City Pilot Policy (HCPP), introduced in 2016, on improving residents' health outcomes and examines demographic differences and mechanisms driving these effects.

The Association between Depression, Anxiety, and Thyroid Disease: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding the association of depression and anxiety for the subsequent risk of thyroid disease.

Aim: To examine this prospective association between depression and anxiety and the risk of potential thyroid diseases, a large prospective study was conducted using data from UK Biobank.

Materials And Methods: Depression and anxiety were measured through self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) at baseline, thyroid disease was diagnosed by corresponding hospital data documented through International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes.

Dysfunctional striatal-temporal connectivity is associated with a higher risk for violence in patients with schizophrenia.

Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) exhibit an elevated risk of violence compared to the general population. However, the neural mechanisms of violence in SZ are still unclear. This study examined the neural correlates linked to violence in SZ and determine whether the brain abnormalities were associated with psychotic symptoms of severe delusions.

The role of mind wandering and anxiety in the association between internet addiction and hyperactivity-impulsivity: a serial mediation model.

Background: Hyperactivity-Impulsivity have significant negative effects on adolescents' academic performance, physical and mental health, and social relationships. This study aims to deeply explore the relationship between Hyperactivity-Impulsivity in adolescents and Internet Addiction. Unlike previous studies, this study further explores a potential serial mediation model involving Mind Wandering and Anxiety.

PD-L1 Scoring Models for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in China: Current Status, AI-Assisted Solutions and Future Perspectives.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment model for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Numerous clinical trials and real-world reports have confirmed that PD-L1 status is a key factor for the successful use of immunotherapy in NSCLC, by predicting clinical outcomes and identifying patients most likely to benefit from this treatment. Therefore, accurate and standardized evaluation of PD-L1 expression is crucial.

Childhood maltreatment influences coping in youths with major depression and bipolar depression through resilience and impulsivity.

Empirical research on the link between childhood maltreatment and coping styles in youths with depression remains scarce. This study explores the relationship between childhood maltreatment and coping styles in youths with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression (BD). We recruited 277 youths with depression and 98 healthy controls (HC) using convenience sampling.

Effects of Omega-3 PUFAs on lipid profiles and antioxidant response in depressed adolescents: A metabolomic and lipidomic study.

Adolescent depression is a significant global health challenge, with many patients responding inadequately to antidepressant treatments. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) have been proposed as a potential adjunctive treatment, but their precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms through which ω3 PUFAs exert their antidepressant effects and to identify potential biomarkers for their therapeutic response.

Blunted niacin skin flushing response in violent offenders with schizophrenia: A potential auxiliary diagnostic biomarker.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of violence, with clinical diagnosis primarily relies on symptomatology. The niacin skin flushing response (NSFR) is proposed as a potential biomarker for SZ, but its effectiveness in violent offenders with schizophrenia (VOSZ) remains unevaluated. This study investigates whether the diagnostic model differentiating general SZ patients (GSZ) from healthy controls (HCs) using NSFR can also distinguish VOSZ from HCs.

Efficacy of identifying Treatment-Resistant and non-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia using niacin skin flushing response combined with clinical feature.

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a serious mental disease and early identification of this disease is necessary for timely initiation of treatment strategies and management measures. This study aimed to investigate the potential of niacin skin flushing response (NSFR) combined with clinical features in recognizing TRS and non-TRS (NTRS). A total of 269 patients with schizophrenia (99 TRS and 170 NTRS) were included in this study.

Parvalbumin interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex exhibit distinct processing patterns for fear and memory in rats.

The anterior cingulate cortex is responsible for multiple cognitive functions like fear, pain management, decision-making, risk and reward assessment, and memory consolidation. However, its cell-type-specific functions are not clearly understood. To reveal the selective functional role of Parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in the ACC, we knocked down (KD) the PV gene in-vivo in rats.

Impaired lipid homeostasis and elevated lipid oxidation of erythrocyte membrane in adolescent depression.

Adolescent depression is a globally concerned mental health issue, the pathophysiological mechanisms of which remain elusive. Membrane lipids play a crucial role in brain development and function, potentially serving as a crossroad for the abnormalities in neurotransmitters, neuroendocrine, inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism observed in depressed adolescents. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the erythrocyte membrane lipid profile in adolescent depression.

Academic Pressure and Psychological Imbalance in High School Students: Predictors of Depression via Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how the congruence between academic pressure and psychological imbalance affects depressive symptoms in adolescents and to further explore grade-level differences in these effects among high school students.

Methods: The study population consisted of 29,975 high school students from 20 schools in Liuyang City, Hunan Province. The Mental Health Scale for Secondary School Students (MSSMHS) and Self-Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess academic pressure, psychological imbalance and depressive symptoms.

The influence of neuroticism on insomnia: The chain mediating effect of mind wandering and symptom rumination.

Background: Insomnia is a major public health issue worldwide. An association between neuroticism and insomnia has been widely confirmed, but its psychological mechanisms are unclear.

Methods: A total of 1790 online participants completed the Big Five Personality Inventory, Athens Insomnia Scale, Chinese version of the Mind Wandering Questionnaire, and Chinese version of the Nolen-Hoeksema Ruminative Responses Scale.

The mediation role of gray matter volume in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychological resilience in adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder.

Previous studies have revealed morphologic alterations in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with experiences of childhood trauma. However, the underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to explore the brain structural changes and their possible mediation role in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and psychological resilience in drug-naïve adolescents with first-episode MDD.