Analysis of influencing factors and the most probable transition pathway in the narrow escape problem for molecular systems based on deep learning method.

This study employs physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to investigate the narrow escape problem in irregular domains, aiming to understand how key parameters influence molecular escape behavior and to analyze the most probable transition pathway of molecules. We focus on two critical metrics: mean exit time and escape probability, characterizing escape behavior in stochastic systems. Using PINNs, we effectively address the domain's complexities and examine the effects of parameters such as diffusion coefficient, angular velocity, annular area, and absorption domain size on mean exit time and escape probability.

Elevated interleukin-10, -22, -24, and -26 in serum samples of children with infectious mononucleosis.

Background: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an infectious disease with different stages of onset, and the pathogenesis of IM remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 family cytokines IL-10, -22, -24, and -26 in serum samples of patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and the potential diagnostic values.

Methods: Thirty children with IM were enrolled in the study, and serum samples were collected; 30 healthy children served as the controls.

[Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Emerging Pollutants in a Secondary Tributary in Chongqing Section of the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River].

To provide a preliminary understanding of the characteristics and ecological risks of the levels of emerging pollutants in surface water， groundwater， and sediment in the tributaries of the Yangtze River Basin， this study uses ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Approximately 44 emerging pollutants were detected from surface water， groundwater， and sediment samples collected from a watershed surrounding industrial parks. The distribution characteristics and risks of emerging pollutants were investigated.

Data driven discovery of escape phenomena in stochastic systems.

Stochastic dynamical systems, influenced by random disturbances, exhibit complex behaviors that are critical to understanding in various fields, such as physics, biology, and finance. The study of escape phenomena, where systems transition from stable states under the influence of noise, is essential for analyzing the dynamical behavior and learning the stochastic dynamics. This paper focuses on two key deterministic quantities, the mean exit time and the escape probability, which are widely used to analyze escape characteristics in stochastic dynamical systems.

Corrigendum: Predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma based on PET/CT images using deep learning.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.

The SwiftScan step-and-shoot continuous mode improves SPECT scanning efficiency: a preliminary phantom and clinical test.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the value of SwiftScan Step-and-Shoot Continuous (SSC) scanning mode in enhancing image quality and to explore appropriate scanning parameters for reducing scan time.

Methods: This study was composed of a phantom study and two clinical tests. The differences in visual image quality scores, coefficient of variance (COV) of the background, image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and recovery coefficient (RC) of the sphere were compared between SSC mode and traditional Step-and-Shoot (SS) mode in the phantom study.

Predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma based on PET/CT images using deep learning.

Background: The aim of this study is to develop deep learning models based on F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomographic (F-FDG PET/CT) images for predicting individual epidermal growth factor receptor () mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: We enrolled 430 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer from two institutions in this study. The advanced Inception V3 model to predict EGFR mutations based on PET/CT images and developed CT, PET, and PET + CT models was used.

Evaluating the diagnostic value of F-FAPI-04 PET/CT in various malignant tumors: a head-to-head comparison with F-FDG PET/CT.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 (F-FAPI-04) PET/CT for various malignant tumors and compare it head-to-head with F-FDG PET/CT.

Materials And Methods: This single-center, prospective study continuously recruited patients with suspected or confirmed malignant tumors for concurrent 18F-FDG and 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT scans from April 2022 to October 2023. The pathological diagnosis or clinical follow-up served as the reference standard.

[Research Progress on Pollution Characteristics, Degradation, and Transformation of Typical PPCPs in the Process of Wastewater Treatment].

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have received extensive attention as a new type of pollutant inin the 21st century, and the ecological and health risks caused by PPCPs have gradually been recognized by government regulatory agencies. Daily use of PPCPs has led to their frequent detection and high concentrations in the influent, effluent, and sludge of wastewater treatment plants, but traditional wastewater treatment processes can't remove them effectively. Most research about enhancing the removal of PPCPs through microbial degradation, photodegradation, and ozonation is still in the laboratory research stage, and the removal effects are not satisfactory when applied to actual sewage treatment.

Corrosion Behavior of Ni-Cr Alloys with Different Cr Contents in NaCl-KCl-MgCl.

This study investigates the corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr binary alloys, including Ni-10Cr, Ni-15Cr, Ni-20Cr, Ni-25Cr, and Ni-30Cr, in a NaCl-KCl-MgCl molten salt mixture through gravimetric analysis. Corrosion tests were conducted at 700 °C, with the maximum immersion time reaching up to 100 h. The corrosion rate was determined by measuring the mass loss of the specimens at various time intervals.

Imageable Brachytherapy with Chelator-Free Radiolabeling Hydrogel.

Brachytherapy stands as an essential clinical approach for combating locally advanced tumors. Here, an injectable brachytherapy hydrogel is developed for the treatment of both local and metastatic tumor. Fe-tannins nanoparticles are efficiently and stably radiolabeled with clinical used therapeutic radionuclides (such as I, Y, Lu, and Ac) without a chelator, and then chemically cross-linked with 4-armPEG-SH to form brachytherapy hydrogel.

Preparation and High-Temperature Resistance Properties of Phenolic Resin/Phosphate Hybrid Coatings.

In this study, a novel fabrication method was used to synthesize phenolic resin/phosphate hybrid coatings using aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (Al(HPO), hereafter denoted as Al), SC101 silica sol (Si) as the primary film-forming agent, and phenolic resin (PF) as the organic matrix. This approach culminated in the formation of Al+Si+PF organo-inorganic hybrid coatings. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirmed the successful integration of hybrid structures within these coatings.

Pyrite Characteristics in Lacustrine Shale and Implications for Organic Matter Enrichment and Shale Oil: A Case Study from the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, NW China.

Pyrite is widely distributed in lacustrine shales and has become a research focus in unconventional oil and gas exploration. Pyrite morphology is useful for identifying different types of organic matter and assessing shale oil enrichment in organic-rich shale. Abundant pyrite is developed in the source rocks from the Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, NW China.

Effects of polyethylene microplastics occurrence on estrogens degradation in soil.

Growing focus has been drawn to the continuous detection of high estrogens levels in the soil environment. Additionally, microplastics (MPs) are also of growing concern worldwide, which may affect the environmental behavior of estrogens. However, little is known about effects of MPs occurrence on estrogens degradation in soil.

A novel method for simultaneously measuring boronophenylalanine uptake in brain tumor cells and number of cells using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) combines neutron irradiation with boron compounds that are selectively uptaken by tumor cells. Boronophenylalanine (BPA) is a boron compound used to treat malignant brain tumors. The determination of boron concentration in cells is of great relevance to the field of BNCT.

Predictive value of F-FDG PET/CT multi-metabolic parameters and tumor metabolic heterogeneity in the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the predictive value of pre-treatment F-FDG PET/CT multi-metabolic parameters and tumor metabolic heterogeneity for gastric cancer prognosis.

Methods: Seventy-one patients with gastric cancer were included. All patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT whole-body scans prior to treatment and had pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinomas.

Tc-pertechnetate thyroid static scintigraphy unexpectedly revealed ectopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus.

Technetium-99m (Tc)-pertechnetate can be taken up by both gastric mucosa and thyroid tissue. Ectopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus found in thyroid scintigraphy is rare. We reported a 31-year-old woman who underwent Tc-pertechnetate thyroid static scintigraphy for abnormal ultrasound findings.

M2e-specific antibodies protect against influenza PR8 virus in an isotype and route dependent manner.

The ectodomain of influenza matrix protein 2 (M2e) is a promising target for the development of universal prophylactic and therapeutic agents against influenza viruses of different subtypes. We constructed three M2e-specific monoclonal antibody variants, M2A1-1 (IgG1), M2A1-2a (IgG2a), M2A1-2b (IgG2b), which have the same Fab region targeting the M2e epitope but different isotypes, and compared their protective efficacy in influenza PR8-infected mice. We found that anti-M2e antibodies provided protection against influenza virus in a subtype-dependent manner, with the IgG2a variant providing significantly better protection with lower virus titers and milder lung injury than IgG1 and IgG2b isotypes.

[Sorption Characteristics and Site Energy Distribution Theory of Typical Estrogens on Microplastics].

Microplastics (MPs) and estrogens are high-profile emerging contaminants at present, and MPs might become the carrier of estrogens in the environment and induce combined pollution. To study the adsorption behavior of polyethylene (PE) microplastics to typical estrogens, the adsorption isothermal properties of the six estrogens[estrone (E1), 17-estradiol (17-E2), 17-estradiol (17-E2), estriol (E3), diethylstilbestrol (DES), and ethinylestradiol (17-EE2)] in single-solute and mixed-solute systems were studied through batch equilibrium adsorption experiments, in which the PE microplastics before and after adsorption were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then, the site energy distribution theory of the adsorption of six estrogens on PE microplastics was further analyzed based on the Freundlich model.

Investigation of serum IL-12, IL-16, and IL-17A as diagnostic biomarkers in children with cow's milk protein allergy.

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is an abnormal immune response caused by milk proteins and is most common in infancy and early childhood. Statistics revealed up to 7.5% of children suffered from milk allergy.

[Correlations of F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Parameters and Metabolic Heterogeneity with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression in Patients with Gastric Cancer].

Objective To investigate the value of F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and metabolic heterogeneity for predicting the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in patients with gastric cancer. Methods A total of 45 patients with gastric cancer confirmed by surgical pathology between September 2016 and May 2021 were enrolled in this study.All the patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT examination before surgery.