Hollow Cu/Pt Interspersed GO Nanosheets Cascade Triggering Catalytic Signal Amplification for Colorimetric/SERS Sensing of in Clinical Samples.

Rapid and precise detection of () is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment of infectious ailments, and controlling outbreaks. Herein, we present a rapid, streamlined, and sensitive method for screening based on a hollow copper/platinum interspersed graphene oxide nanosheets (Cu/Pt-GO)-mediated cascade responsiveness strategy. The Cu/Pt-GO nanozymes were proposed to catalyze the colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to colored oxidized TMB (oxTMB) with enhanced SERS signals, achieving colorimetric/SERS dual-model detection.

Advancing roles of nitric oxide in tuberculosis: Promising targets for novel anti-TB therapeutics.

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, remains a major public health burden worldwide. The increasing threatens of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant TB, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, lack of effective vaccines and diagnosis methods, as well as the low treatment efficacy of anti-TB therapeutics lead to multiple difficulties and challenges in TB control. Host immune defense is critical for the processes and outcome of Mtb infection control due to the complex immune evasion mechanisms of Mtb, thus, it's of vital importance to characterize the host immune responses and mechanisms during Mtb infection.

miR-146a-5p targets IRAK1/TRAF6 to promote bacillus Calmette-Guérin survival by exosome-mediated autocrine actions.

Background: Exosomes carry signaling molecules between cells and play important roles in the interaction between macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study aimed to examine the function and content of exosomes secreted by macrophages infected with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).

Methods: THP-1 monocytes and HEK293T cells were used.

Nitric Oxide Therapeutics: New Hopes for More Effective Tuberculosis Treatment Combine with Targeted and Controlled Nanotechnology.

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by the reaction of arginine and oxygen catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mammals. Several studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic use of NO for the treatment of various diseases, including infectious diseases.

Immune defense and immune evasion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: Inspirations and challenges for host directed therapy.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a major global public health issue, despite improvements in socioeconomic conditions and widespread use of antibiotics. Host immune defense against Mtb infection involve various cells like macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and T cell subsets, which play distinct roles. By inhibiting phagosome maturation, modulating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, regulating host cell death pathway, as well as suppressing antigen presentation and T cell immune responses, the immune escape help Mtb to survive and replicate in macrophages, which ultimately contributes to the development of latent or active TB.

Comparative genomics analysis of Bacillus altitudinis G03 provides insights into its biocontrol and probiotic traits.

Background: Bacillus has been gradually applied to human production activities as a new type of biological control agent and probiotic preparation. This study investigates a newly isolated Bacillus altitudinis G03 utilizing whole genome sequencing, comparative genome analysis and in vitro experiments to comprehensively disclose its beneficial traits.

Results: According to whole genome sequencing and assembly data, the genome of G03 consists of a circular chromosome containing 10 gene clusters linked to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, 139 CAZymes, an antibiotic resistance gene, and 2 prophage elements, which show great potential in antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Stress granules and cell death: crosstalk and potential therapeutic strategies in infectious diseases.

Pathogens exploit cellular stress responses to drive infection and evade immune responses, posing a persistent global health threat. Stress granules (SGs), dynamic mRNA hubs formed under stress, and regulated cell death (RCD) pathways collectively orchestrate host-pathogen dynamics. While SGs regulate mRNA translation to aid adaptation, RCD mechanisms-including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis-eliminate infected cells to curb pathogen spread.

SERS-based lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and sensitive sensing of nucleocapsid protein toward SARS-CoV-2 screening in clinical samples.

Early and accurate identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has become the mainstream method for screening SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its rapid, simple and amenable for point-of-care detection (POCT), but still suffered from the poor sensitivity and accuracy. In this study, Au nanoparticles (NPs) with controllable Ag shell (Au@Ag) were manufactured via a seed-mediated growth method.

cGAS-mediated antibacterial immunotherapy against tuberculosis by macrophage-targeted manganese dioxide nanoagonist.

Tuberculosis (TB), induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, remains one of the top killers among infectious diseases. The pathogenesis hallmarks for TB are complex immune escape mechanisms of Mtb and low targeting effects of anti-TB drugs. cGAS signaling, which is responsible for triggering host antibacterial immunity against Mtb infection, has shown potentials to serve as targets for anti-TB immunotherapy.

NIR-triggered and glucose-powered hollow mesoporous Mo-based single-atom nanozymes for cascade chemodynamic diabetic infection therapy.

Diabetic infections/wounds remain to be a threatening challenge as it seriously leads to lower limb amputation with endless pains and subsequent high economic/psychosocial costs. The exceptional peroxidase-like activity of single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) holds great promise for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) of diabetic infection, but is extremely restricted by the near-neutral pH and insufficient HO levels in physiological conditions. Herein, we innovated a hollow mesoporous molybdenum single-atom nanozyme (HMMo-zyme) featured with catalytic activity, photothermal performance and drug delivery properties for more effective antibacterial therapeutic in diabetic conditions.

Coupling of an Au@AgPt nanozyme array with an micrococcal nuclease-specific responsiveness strategy for colorimetric/SERS sensing of in patients with sepsis.

Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of pathogen-associated biomarkers is vital for the early diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infections. Herein, we developed a close-packed and ordered Au@AgPt array coupled with a cascade triggering strategy for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and colorimetric identification of the biomarker micrococcal nuclease (MNase) in serum samples. The trimetallic Au@AgPt nanozymes can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) molecules to SERS-enhanced oxidized TMB (oxTMB), accompanied by the color change from colorless to blue.

Calcium-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy drive glycolysis to facilitate arterivirus proliferation.

Mitochondria, recognized as the "powerhouse" of cells, play a vital role in generating cellular energy through dynamic processes such as fission and fusion. Viruses have evolved mechanisms to hijack mitochondrial function for their survival and proliferation. Here, we report that infection with the swine arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), manipulates mitochondria calcium ions (Ca2+) to induce mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, thereby reprogramming cellular energy metabolism to facilitate its own replication.

Copper homeostasis; A rapier between mycobacteria and macrophages.

Copper is a vital trace element crucial for mediating interactions between and macrophages. Within these immune cells, copper modulates oxidative stress responses and signaling pathways, enhancing macrophage immune functions and facilitating clearance. Conversely, copper may promote escape from macrophages through various mechanisms: inhibiting macrophage activity, diminishing phagocytic and bactericidal capacities, and supporting survival and proliferation.

Dual-Enhanced SERS Satellite Immuno-Nanocomplex for Multiple PSA-Mediated PHI Assay Toward Clinical Prostate Cancer Screening.

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in liquid biopsy of prostate cancer (PCa) but still faces challenges due to the poor specificity. Herein, this study reports a double-SERS satellite immunoassay, made of an Au-Ag dealloyed intra-nanogap nanoflower (Au-Ag DINF) with strong SERS signals and Au magnetic nanoparticles (AuMNPs) with magnetic capture and SERS amplification, for sensing multiple PSA (free PSA (fPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA) and [-2]proPSA (p2PSA)) toward potential PCa screening. Unlike the previous studies focus on the tPSA and fPSA/tPSA ratio (f/t PSA%), this work introduces a multiple PSA-mediated Prostate Health Index (PHI) assay with significantly increased the predictive accuracy and specificity of PCa, especially the patients with a tPSA level in the "diagnostic gray zone".

Gut microbiota: a crucial player in the combat against tuberculosis.

The mammalian gastrointestinal tract quickly becomes densely populated with foreign microorganisms shortly after birth, thereby establishing a lifelong presence of a microbial community. These commensal gut microbiota serve various functions, such as providing nutrients, processing ingested compounds, maintaining gut homeostasis, and shaping the intestinal structure in the host. Dysbiosis, which is characterized by an imbalance in the microbial community, is closely linked to numerous human ailments and has recently emerged as a key factor in health prognosis.

Innovative lipid nanoparticles: A cutting-edge approach for potential renal cell carcinoma therapeutics.

The kidney plays a crucial role in regulating homeostasis within the human body. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, accounting for nearly 90 % of all renal malignancies. Despite the availability of various therapeutic strategies, RCC remains a challenging disease due to its resistance to conventional treatments.

Intratracheal delivery of macrophage targeted Celastrol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy in acute lung injury mice.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common causes of respiratory failure in critically ill patients. There is still a lack of definitive and effective treatment options, and the mortality rate remains as high as 30% to 40%. Effective therapeutics for ALI/ARDS are greatly hindered by the side effects resulting from inefficient delivery to the disease lesions and off-targeting biodistribution of drugs.

Roles of HIF-1α signaling in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: New targets for anti-TB therapeutics?

Tuberculosis (TB), a deadly infectious disease induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), continues to be a global public health issue that kill millions of patents every year. Despite significant efforts have been paid to identify effective TB treatments, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the disease and the presence of comorbidities in TB patients urges us to explore the detailed mechanisms involved in TB immunity and develop more effective innovative anti-TB strategies. HIF-1α, a protein involved in regulating cellular immune responses during TB infection, has been highlighted as a promising target for the development of novel strategies for TB treatment due to its critical roles in anti-TB host immunity.