Microglia-Astroglia-Neuron network following stroke: novel insight into extracellular vesicles communication.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with ischemic stroke accounting for the majority of cases. Intercellular communication is critical to its prognostic impact, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging important mechanism. EVs are increasingly recognized as key mediators of crosstalk between neurons and glial cells, affecting processes such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and tissue repair.

Spontaneous neural activity alterations in medication-naïve primary blepharospasm: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: Brain functional reorganization in primary blepharospasm (BSP) remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to add to the increasing knowledge by examining abnormalities in local spontaneous neural activity in this disorder.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 32 medication-naïve patients with BSP and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in this study.

Validation of CRISPR construct activity and gene function in melon via a hairy root transformation system.

Unlabelled: Melon ( L.), an important cash fruit crop with high nutritional value, is cultivated worldwide. To promote the application of gene editing technology and accelerate functional analysis of genes in melon, we developed an efficient protocol for inducing the formation of hairy roots.

The MYB transcription factor ClPC modulates petal color and chlorophyll accumulation in watermelon.

During the pre-anthesis stage, high chlorophyll levels in petals result in a green hue in many plants. Upon anthesis, chlorophyll degradation uncovers other pigments, thereby influencing pollinator attraction and reproductive success in insect-pollinated crops. In the watermelon accession WM109, a novel petal phenotype characterized by a yellow-green hue was observed, significantly different from the canonical yellow petal phenotype typically associated with this species.

Enhancing genetic transformation efficiency of melon (Cucumis melo L.) through an extended sucrose-removal co-culture.

The genetic transformation efficiency of melon was elevated by extending co-culture duration and removing sucrose from the medium, and a gene editing tendril-less mutant was generated via this optimized transformation. In plants, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) is a valuable technique for characterizing gene function and developing varieties with new traits. However, melon, as a cash crop, has proven to be recalcitrant to AMT.

No reliable gray matter alterations in idiopathic dystonia.

Background: The structural brain abnormalities associated with idiopathic dystonia (ID) remain inadequately understood. Previous voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies examining whole-brain gray matter (GM) volume alterations in patients with ID have reported inconsistent and occasionally contradictory findings.

Methods: We performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) using the latest seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) technique to identify consistent GM alterations in patients with ID at the whole-brain level.

The process of post-traumatic growth for the main caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Family members caring for individuals with Alzheimers disease (AD) often experience significant psychological distress, which can lead to mental health issues such as severe depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety. We conducted a study to explore the experiences of 18 primary caregivers of AD patients through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The study identified four key stages of post-traumatic growth (PTG): ) the pain period, ) the struggle period, ) the recovery period, and ) the period of positive growth.

LsBLH2-LsOFP6-LsKANT3 module regulates bolting by orchestrating the gibberellin biosynthesis and metabolism in lettuce.

Lettuce is one of the most important vegetables worldwide. Bolting time is an important agronomic trait in lettuce production. Premature bolting reduces crop quality and marketability.

The clinical value of local consolidative therapy for oligo-residual disease in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors-treated non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Few real-world studies exist regarding the clinical value of local consolidative therapy (LCT) for oligo-residual disease (ORD) in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated whether LCT could improve the prognosis of NSCL patients with ORD after effective first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment.

Methods: A total of 132 patients with metastatic NSCLC who had received first-line PD-1/PD-L1inhibitors-based systemic treatment and developed ORD (defined as residual tumors limited to three organs and five lesions) were included.

Altered cortical thickness and structural covariance networks in chronic low back pain.

Background: Despite regional brain structural changes having been reported in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), the topological properties of structural covariance networks (SCNs), which refer to the organization of the SCNs, remain unclear. This study applied graph theoretical analysis to explore the alterations of the topological properties of SCNs, aiming to comprehend the integration and separation of SCNs in patients with CLBP.

Methods: A total of 38 patients with CLBP and 38 healthy controls (HCs), balanced for age and sex, were scanned using three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Algorithm of automatic identification of diabetic retinopathy foci based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Aim: To propose an algorithm for automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) lesions based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO).

Methods: The algorithm utilized the FasterRCNN (Faster Regions with CNN features)+ResNet50 (Residua Network 50)+FPN (Feature Pyramid Networks) method for detecting hemorrhagic spots, cotton wool spots, exudates, and microaneurysms in DR ultra-widefield SLO. Subimage segmentation combined with a deeper residual network FasterRCNN+ResNet50 was employed for feature extraction to enhance intelligent learning rate.

Altered volume of the amygdala subregions in patients with chronic low back pain.

Background: Neuroimaging studies have suggested a pivotal role for the amygdala involvement in chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, the relationship between the amygdala subregions and CLBP has not yet been delineated. This study aimed to analyze whether the amygdala subregions were linked to the development of CLBP.

ELONGATED HYPOTCOTYL5 and SPINE BASE SIZE1 together mediate light-regulated spine expansion in cucumber.

Plant trichome development is influenced by diverse developmental and environmental signals, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood in most plant species. Fruit spines (trichomes) are an important trait in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), as they affect both fruit smoothness and commercial quality.

Genome-wide identification of the melon (Cucumis melo L.) response regulator gene family and functional analysis of CmRR6 and CmPRR3 in response to cold stress.

The response regulator (RR) gene family play crucial roles in cytokinin signal transduction, plant development, and resistance to abiotic stress. However, there are no reports on the identification and functional characterization of RR genes in melon. In this study, a total of 18 CmRRs were identified and classified into type A, type B, and clock PRRs, based on phylogenetic analysis.

Natural allelic variation in the EamA-like transporter, CmSN, is associated with fruit skin netting in melon.

A SNP mutation in CmSN, encoding an EamA-like transporter, is responsible for fruit skin netting in melon. In maturing melon (Cucumis melo L.), the rind becomes reticulated or netted, a unique characteristic that dramatically changes the appearance of the fruit.

Identification of candidate genes that regulate the trade-off between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon ( L.).

Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants. Melon is an annual, trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China. Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures, and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.

Melon yellow-green plant (Cmygp) encodes a Golden2-like transcription factor regulating chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development.

A SNP mutation in CmYGP gene encoding Golden2-like transcription factor is responsible for melon yellow-green plant trait. Chlorophylls are essential and beneficial substances for both plant and human health. Identifying the regulatory network of chlorophyll is necessary to improve the nutritional quality of fruits.

Chromosomal fragment deletion in APRR2-repeated locus modulates the dark stem color in Cucurbita pepo.

Cp4.1LG15g03420 (CpDsc-1), which encodes a two-component response regulator-like protein (APRR2) in the nucleus, influences dark green stem formation in Cucurbita pepo by regulating the chlorophyll content. Stem color is an important agronomic trait in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) for robust seeding and high yield.

Application of allogeneic sclera combined with tarso-conjunctival flap in total excision of divided eyelid nevus.

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of allogeneic sclera transplantation combined with tarso-conjunctival flap in total excision of divided eyelid nevus.

Methods: Eleven patients (three male and eight female patients) who experienced divided nevus of the eyelids between January 2014 and April 2020 were recruited to this retrospective study. All lesions were thick, darkly pigmented, presented with a wart-like appearance, and invaded the eyelid margin and tarsal conjunctiva.

Retinal microvascular impairment in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to a global pandemic in an unprecedented time frame. Systemic vascular involvement in COVID-19 has been identified, and SARS-CoV-2 has also been found to cause multiple organ ischemia and posterior ocular segment disease in mammals, raising concerns about the human retinal microvascular involvement in SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: To objectively assess the presence of retinal microvascular impairment in COVID-19 patients by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), so as to facilitate the clinical system management of COVID-19 patients.

Melon short internode (CmSi) encodes an ERECTA-like receptor kinase regulating stem elongation through auxin signaling.

Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits that directly determines plant architecture, and compact or dwarf plants can allow for increased planting density and land utilization as well as increased lodging resistance and economic yield. At least four dwarf/semidwarf genes have been identified in different melon varieties, but none of them have been cloned, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying internode elongation in melon. Here, we report map-based cloning and functional characterization of the first semidwarf gene short internode (Cmsi) in melon, which encodes an ERECTA-like receptor kinase regulating internode elongation.

Abnormal Spontaneous Neural Activity in Parkinson's Disease With "pure" Apathy.

Background: Apathy is one of the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its pathophysiology remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquired at a 3.

Tuberculous choroiditis masquerading as sympathetic ophthalmia: a case report.

A 26-year-old Chinese man was admitted to this clinic due to decreased vision in his right eye for 4 days and painful protrusion in his left eye for 20 days. He had no perception of light in his left eye and perception of hand motion (HM) in his right eye. Examinations revealed that the left eye's lens and iris had protruded, and corneoscleral perforation.