Prognosis of the transformation of myelodysplastic syndromes to acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective study.

This study aimed at evaluating prognostic factors for survival and treatment response in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) transforming to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This retrospective study included 182 MDS patients treated at our hospital between January 2018 and January 2023, with 52 patients transforming to AML. Patients were categorized into good and poor prognosis groups based on survival beyond 12 months.

ALFA nanobody-guided endogenous labeling.

Small peptide tags offer advantages as their compact size reduces target protein interference, making them valuable for labeling endogenous proteins. However, the lack of inherent fluorescence poses challenges for post-genome knockin monoclonal clone screening. Here we report an adaptable approach leveraging antigen-stabilizing fluorescent protein-fused nanobodies (Nbs) to selectively illuminate cells with successful ALFA tag knockins, streamlining high-throughput cell screening using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.

Flame retardant, hydrophobic and UV resistant hemp cellulose fabrics constructed by assembly of fluorosilicone waterborne polyurethane and phosphorylated sodium alginate.

In this study, a assembly technique based on phosphorylated sodium alginate (PSA) and fluorosilicone waterborne polyurethane (FSiWPU) was developed, and a multifunctional hemp cellulose fabric system which integrates flame retardant, hydrophobic and UV resistant properties was successfully constructed. Stable multilayer structures are formed by utilizing the hydrogen bonding between the phosphate group/carboxylic acid group of PSA and the carbamate group (-NHCOO-) of FSiWPU. The phosphorylation of sodium alginate significantly improves its thermal stability and generates a dense carbon layer with polyurethane decomposition products at high temperatures, resulting in a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32.

Non-coding genetic elements of lung cancer identified using whole genome sequencing in 13,722 Chinese.

A substantial portion of lung cancer-associated genetic elements in East Asian populations remains unidentified, underscoring the need for large-scale genome-wide studies, particularly on non-coding regulation. We conducted a whole genome sequencing (WGS)-based genome-wide scan in 13,722 Chinese individuals to identify regulatory elements associated with lung cancer. We verified common-variant-based loci by meta-analysis across the available East Asian studies.

Reconstruction of Electric Double Layer via Cationic Electrostatic Shielding and Anionic Preferential Adsorption Toward the Sustainable Zinc Metal Batteries.

Zinc metal is considered one of the most promising anodes for zinc-based batteries in energy storage systems. Nonetheless, zinc anodes are associated with some irreversible issues, Zn, which significantly restrict the endurance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). This study adds a multifunctional electrolyte additive Ce(NO) to a 3 m ZnSO₄ electrolyte to addressed these challenges.

Defect-rich phosphorus-doped 3D carbon cathodes with graphitic domains for high-performance zinc-ion storage devices.

Aqueous zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) have garnered significant attention as safe and cost-effective alternatives to lithium-ion batteries. However, conventional carbon cathodes suffer from limited Zn adsorption capacity and sluggish charge transport, severely restricting their energy and power performance. Herein, we propose a scalable and cost-effective strategy to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) porous phosphorus-doped carbon (TPMC) with tunable graphitic domains, hierarchical porosity, and abundant active sites.

The Role of PIWI-Interacting RNA in Urologic Carcinoma and Its Clinical Implications.

Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) represents a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, typically ranging in length from 18 to 35 nucleotides. These molecules are critically involved in the preservation of genomic integrity and the regulation of protein translation processes. Recently, emerging scholarly research indicates that piRNA exhibits tissue-specific expression profiles within a variety of human malignancies, where they intricately regulate key signaling pathways at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.

Methylsteric Effects Enhance Fluorescence in Diphenylfumaronitrile AIEgens.

The development of fluorophores with high-fluorescence quantum yields is highly desirable. To regulate photophysical properties, previous fumaronitrile-core fluorophore designs primarily employed electron-donating structure modifications and π-conjugation extension strategies. Here, we report a novel strategy to enhance the fluorescence performance of fluorophores by introducing methyl groups into fumaronitrile phenyl rings.

Cucurbitacin B alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving gut microbiota disorder in C57BL/6 mice.

Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is a triterpenoid compound derived from various medicinal plants, demonstrating potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, as well as significant anti-tumor effects. However, its efficacy in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. To investigate the therapeutic potential of CuB, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model in mice was employed, along with gut microbiota analysis.

Population-specific brain charts reveal Chinese-Western differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Human brain charts provide unprecedented opportunities for decoding neurodevelopmental milestones and establishing clinical benchmarks for precision brain medicine . However, current lifespan brain charts are primarily derived from European and North American cohorts, with Asian populations severely underrepresented. Here, we present the first population-specific brain charts for China, developed through the Chinese Lifespan Brain Mapping Consortium (Phase I) using neuroimaging data from 43,037 participants (aged 0-100 years) across 384 sites nationwide.

Pd-catalyzed asymmetric (6+2) dipolar cyclization for medium-sized spirooxindoles.

Chiral spirooxindoles are privileged scaffolds in bioactive molecules, yet efficient strategies for their functionalization-especially for medium-sized spirocycles-remain scarce. We report a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric (6+2) dipolar cyclization between vinyloxetanes and 3-diazoquinoline-2,4-diones, which allows the synthesis of enantioenriched spirooxindoles with eight-membered lactones under mild conditions. This method provides 22 examples with high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 90% yield and 98% ee), facilitated by a tailored chiral phosphine ligand and photogenerated ketene dipolarophiles.

Chinese Expert Consensus on Standardized Outpatient Management of Sarcopenia in the Elderly (2024).

Sarcopenia is an age-related disorder that influences the daily living ability of older adults and interacts with various chronic diseases. Older adults with sarcopenia typically experience a deterioration in their quality of life and healthy lifespan. The number of Chinese persons with sarcopenia is considerable, and the burden of sarcopenia is substantial; however, the specific sarcopenia clinics available for outpatients are insufficient.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies MMP11 Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as Drivers of Angiogenesis and Bladder Cancer Progression.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in tumor progression, with heterogeneity influencing therapeutic response and prognosis, highlighting their potential as viable targets for treatment. In this study, a novel CAF subgroup, MMP11 mCAF is identified, through single-cell RNA sequencing, which accumulates progressively during bladder cancer progression and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. This cell population regulates the migration of tip endothelial cell clusters (ESM1tEC) via the WNT5A-MCAM signaling axis, and modulates the expression of key transcription factors, SOX18, NFIC, and HOXB9.

Comparative Efficacy of Different Targeted Therapies in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review/Network Meta-Analysis and Mechanistic Overview.

Ongoing evaluations of targeted therapies for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) continue to unfold, with the emergence of novel drugs. However, head-to-head trials comparing these therapies are still lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of targeted therapies in moderate-to-severe UC.

Development and validation of an in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events risk model for young patients with acute coronary syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among young individuals is increasing, making it a leading cause of mortality in this population. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in young ACS patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to predict in-hospital MACE.

Colorimetric Detection of microRNA-378 Based on Y-Shaped Structure Formed by Gold Nanoparticles and Catalytic Hairpin Self-Assembly.

The timely and accurate detection of cancer is crucial for preventing disease progression and for the early treatment of confirmed cases. MiRNAs are cancer markers. In this study, a simple miRNA detection method is proposed.

Chromatic forecasting hydrogels for anti-icing applications.

Icing forecast provides advanced notification, enabling preemptive anti-icing treatments to prevent facility damage and minimize economic losses from unexpected icing events. However, in real-world environments and practical applications, current technologies struggle to accurately predict ice formation on solid surfaces. This difficulty arises from the random and unpredictable nature of ice nucleation, influenced by variable weather conditions, diverse ice-nucleating agents, complex surface properties, and uncertain material defects or contamination.

Functional oleogels constructed by short- and long-chain acyl triacylglycerols: Characterization and in vitro simulated digestion.

Functional short- and long-chain acyl triacylglycerols oleogels were developed using three different gelators. The mechanism of introducing short-chain fatty acids to the glycerol skeleton influencing the self-assembly of oleogels was investigated. Compared to camellia oil oleogels, the thermal stability and mechanical strength of short- and long-chain acyl triacylglycerols oleogels decreased by 1.

Three-Dimensional Architectures for Silicon Wafer-Based Integrated Microenergy Storage Systems.

Integrable silicon wafer-based (SW-based) on-chip micropower sources are essential for simultaneously embracing superior compatibility, high capacity, and long cyclability in powering microelectronic devices and micro/nano electro-mechanical systems (M/NEMS). Specifically, the SW-based microenergy devices in three-dimensional (3D) layout can significantly increase the surface area for loading more extra active material, thus achieving increased energy density within the limited footprint area. Additionally, the shortened electron/ion transporting path length would greatly boost the electrochemical kinetics, thereby enhancing the power density of the microenergy chip as well.

Bright nanoparticle-labeled lateral flow immunoassay for rapid quantitative detection of tacrolimus in human plasma.

Tacrolimus (Tac), a macrolide immunosuppressant widely employed in organ transplantation, requires therapeutic drug monitoring owing to the narrow treatment window. In this study, we established an innovative ultrabright nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for one-step rapid quantitative detection of Tac in human plasma. The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen, AIE490, was embedded in polystyrene nanoparticles to assemble the ultrabright AIE490NP as a highly sensitive fluorescence marker.

Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model.

Lymph node status is a critical prognostic predictor for patients; however, the prognosis of colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) has garnered limited attention. This study investigates the prognostic predictive capacity of the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), lymph node ratio (LNR), and pN staging in SRCC patients using machine learning models (Random Forest, XGBoost, and Neural Network) alongside competing risk models. Relevant data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Effect of different origins on genes encoding key enzymes involved in the polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway in Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz.

Radix Hedysari (HP) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has gained widespread attention for its tonic effects. Environmental factors significantly influence the active components in HP, notably Radix Hedysari polysaccharides (HPS), which are the principal active constituents. To date, no studies have reported on the environmental impact on the accumulation and biosynthesis of HPS.

Metabolomic machine learning-based model predicts efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Unlike lung adenocarcinoma, patients with advanced squamous carcinoma exhibit a low proportion of driver gene positivity, with fewer effective treatment strategies available. Chemoimmunotherapy has now become the standard first-line treatment for individuals diagnosed with advanced lung squamous carcinoma. Serum metabolomics holds significant potential for application in predicting responses to chemoimmunotherapy and is capable of identifying and validating potential biomarkers.

An interpretable machine learning model based on optimal feature selection for identifying CT abnormalities in patients with mild traumatic brain injury.

Background: Minor head trauma is a frequent cause of emergency department visits, early identification and prediction of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients with abnormal brain lesions are vital for minimizing unnecessary computed tomography (CT) scans, reducing radiation exposure, and ensuring timely effective treatment and care. This study aims to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning (ML) prediction model using routine laboratory data for guiding clinical decisions on CT scan use in mTBI patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre study in China including data from January 2019 to July 2024.