NSAID overuse leading to cardiac aneurysm: Unveiling a missed diagnosis of Behçet's disease: A case report.

Rationale: Behçet disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis that primarily affects young males and is associated with severe vascular complications. Prolonged nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use may mask early inflammatory signs, delaying diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Patient Concerns: A 28-year-old pharmacist experienced syncope, chest pain, and leg swelling after prolonged NSAID use.

Prevalence and pattern of antibiotic use and resistance among Iraqi patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2019, around 32,000 deaths in addition 2.8 million infections occur annually in the US because of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and study pattern of antibiotic use and resistance among Iraqi patients.

The impact of adverse childhood experiences in the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in adults over 18 years of age: a systematic review.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects mental health in the long term and is often associated with past psychological trauma. This systematic review was conducted with a purpose to investigate the correlation between adverse childhood experiences (ACE), experiences of child maltreatment, and the occurrence of PTSD in adults over 18 years to optimize treatment guidelines accordingly.

Method: The review utilized articles searched on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane.

Acquired methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone in a 16-year-old female: A case report from Iraq-A case report.

Rationale: Acquired methemoglobinemia, a rare condition, occurs due to the presence of elevated methemoglobin levels in the blood, leading to tissue hypoxia. Dapsone, commonly used in dermatological conditions, can induce methemoglobinemia. This study is important as acquired methemoglobinemia, especially induced by dapsone, is a rare but life-threatening condition.

Asymptomatic young male with ectopia cordis interna: A rare case report.

Rationale: Ectopia cordis interna is a rare congenital condition that occurs when the heart is found within the abdominal cavity.

Patient Concerns: A 22-year-old Iraqi male with a chest infection presented to the clinic with a chest infection, during which the anomaly was incidentally discovered.

Diagnoses: Although there are no clear symptoms, the anomaly can lead to potential risks during any abdominal procedures.

Toripalimab in Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) remains a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis despite advancements in treatment. Toripalimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, has demonstrated the potential to improve clinical outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the efficacy and safety of Toripalimab in EC.

A Medium to Long-Term Study Comparing Stress Urinary Incontinence Procedures.

Background And Objectives: Concerns remain regarding the safety of the retropubic tape (TVT) procedure. We assess the efficacy, satisfaction and long-term outcomes of the TVT procedure and compare it to the autologous fascial sling (AFS), colposuspension, and urethral bulking procedures.

Methods: A review of prospective data of all patients post stress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery in our tertiary center between January 2012 and December 2020 was performed.

Invasive urodynamic investigations in the management of women with refractory overactive bladder symptoms: FUTURE, a superiority RCT and economic evaluation.

Background: Overactive bladder is a common problem affecting the United Kingdom adult female population. Symptoms include urinary urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, increased daytime urinary frequency and nocturia. Initial conservative treatments for overactive bladder are unsuccessful in 25-40% of women (refractory overactive bladder).

Challenges to overcome in a randomised trial for Proper Understanding of Recurrent Stress Urinary Incontinence Treatment in women: the PURSUIT RCT.

Background: Recurrence or persistence of symptoms after interventions to treat stress urinary incontinence in women is common, but without robust evidence to base treatment recommendations.

Objectives: To investigate whether endoscopic or surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence in women are effective and cost-effective.

Design: A multicentre, unblinded, parallel-group randomised controlled trial.

Management of Non-neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Better Holistic than Sequential.

Management of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms should be personalized and patient-centered, rather than based on a stepwise approach.

Systematic review of the use of oral anticoagulants in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a condition whereby the peripheral arteries of the body, and particularly the lower limbs, experience atherosclerosis resulting in narrowing of the peripheral arteries. This largely preventable condition is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting over 230 million people worldwide.

Methodology: We conducted a systematic search for randomized control trials on four databases: Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, and Embase.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in quadricuspid aortic valve: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: While Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is now a standard treatment for severe aortic stenosis, its use in patients with quadricuspid aortic valves (QAV) presents unique challenges. This review analyzes current evidence to guide clinicians in managing aortic stenosis in this complex valve morphology.

Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases up to August 15, 2024.

Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis.

Background: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a genetic heart disease leading to obstructive hypertrophy. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive alternative to traditional treatments. This review evaluates RFA's effectiveness and safety for HOCM.

Severe Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis With Staghorn Calculi and Perinephric Abscess: A Case Report.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe form of chronic kidney infection that mimics renal malignancies, often leading to diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with a 2-month history of progressive lower back pain, fever, and weight loss. Imaging revealed left renal enlargement with multiple low-attenuation areas and large staghorn calculi, suggestive of XGP.

Kokeshi phenomenon and coronary perforation with rotational atherectomy while treating heavily calcified coronary artery disease: A case report.

Rationale: Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity, requiring complex revascularization strategies, especially in patients with heavily calcified lesions. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common treatment, but it carries risks such as coronary artery perforation and the rare Kokeshi phenomenon during rotational atherectomy (RA). This study aims to emphasize the challenges faced in treating heavily calcified coronary lesions, specifically focusing on the rare Kokeshi phenomenon and coronary artery perforation during RA.

Efficacy of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing for targeting KRAS mutations in pancreatic cancer: a systematic review.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and it's characterized by a poor prognosis. The KRAS gene mutation is prevalent in about 85% of pancreatic cancer cases, which is a significant factor in the pathogenesis and development of pancreatic cancer, impacting cellular tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. The targeted disruption of mutant KRAS variants through the application of various CRISPR systems has led to a marked reduction in cell viability and proliferation in vitro, accompanied by significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo.

Severe headache as a key symptom in bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia-induced primary hyperaldosteronism: A case report.

Rationale: Severe headaches can have various causes, but they are commonly associated with common conditions such as tension-type headaches or migraines. However, in cases where these common causes do not explain the symptoms, it becomes essential to investigate secondary causes. This case highlights the importance of considering rare conditions, such as bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia-induced primary hyperaldosteronism, as a potential cause of persistent headaches and refractory hypertension.

Patient and healthcare professionals' perception of weekly prophylactic catheter washout in adults living with long-term catheters: qualitative study of the CATHETER II trial.

Objectives: To explore trial participants' experience of long-term catheters (LTC), the acceptability of washout policies, their experience of the CATHETER II trial (a randomised controlled trial comparing the clinical effectiveness of various washout policies versus no washout policy in preventing catheter associated complications in adults living with long-term catheters) and their satisfaction with the outcomes. The objectives of the healthcare professionals (HCPs) focus group and interview were to explore their attitudes towards weekly prophylactic catheter washout, views on the provision of training and participants' ability to enact washout behaviours.

Methodology: A longitudinal qualitative study embedded within the CATHETER II randomised controlled trial, which included semi-structured interviews and focus groups with participants from multiple trial sites.

Small cell lung cancer progressing into fatal ascending motor and sensory polyneuropathy despite dramatic response to chemotherapy: A case report.

Rationale: Paraneoplastic syndromes occur in 10% to 20% of all malignancies, with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in less than 1% of all malignancies. In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), paraneoplastic manifestations are more common, affecting up to 5% of cases. Common manifestations include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.