Case Report: Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to long-neglected severe primary hypothyroidism: a case of misdiagnosis and lessons learned.

Background: Primary hypothyroidism is characterized by a loss of thyroxine feedback inhibition and an increase in thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) levels, resulting in reactive pituitary hyperplasia. However, it is important to note that pituitary hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism (PHPH) is rare, particularly when symptoms of pituitary mass compression are present.

Case Summary: A patient with menstrual irregularities and hyperprolactinemia exhibited pituitary enlargement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Anlotinib combined with penpulimab in the treatment of advanced adult thoracic spinal osteosarcoma: a case report.

Background: Spinal osteosarcoma is a rare and prognostically poor subtype of osteosarcoma, with limited efficacy from traditional chemoradiotherapy. The potential of targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy requires further exploration.

Case Summary: A 53-year-old female with stage IV thoracic spinal osteosarcoma initially received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (total dose of 45 Gy in 15 fractions) and AP chemotherapy (doxorubicin 60 mg/m + cisplatin 100 mg/m).

Optimization of the PDH frequency locking system based on the crystal birefringence theory and orthogonal demodulation scheme.

We have developed an orthogonal digital demodulation scheme for Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) frequency locking systems using the field-programmable gate array (FPGA). This scheme enhances the error model by incorporating crystal birefringence theory. Our approach mitigates the impact of laser polarization deviation and environmental interference on the phase instability of the photoelectric detector (PD) output signal by separating the effective amplitude signal from interfering phase information using narrowband signal decomposition and orthogonal baseband transformation theory.

High-accuracy strain sensing of frequency-scanned phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry based on block matching.

A strain demodulation method of frequency-scanned -OTDR based on block matching is proposed, which improves the demodulation performance under short pulse width and large strain. The method of frequency shift estimation based on image block matching improves the similarity between Rayleigh backscattered spectra and the accuracy of demodulation results by combining local frequency domain data and local spatial domain data. The image of the matching degree is denoised by a block-matching three-dimensional filter (BM3D), and the performance is further improved by three-dimensional transformation and collaborative filtering of similar image blocks.

Exploring the Causal Relationships Between Anxiety, Obesity, and Hypertension: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Both anxiety and obesity have been implicated in hypertension development, with emerging evidence suggesting metabolic risk factors as potential mediators. Notably, obesity may partially mediate the link between anxiety and hypertension. However, the causal relationships among these factors remain unclear.

Metabolomics and network pharmacology reveal the anti-inflammatory core substances and mechanisms of a new cultivar of high-polyphenol lettuce.

Background: Diet plays a significant role in mitigating inflammation, with lettuce and its polyphenols showing potential for improving inflammatory conditions. However, research on the material basis and mechanisms of action remains unclear.

Results: This study investigated the primary components and anti-inflammatory effects of the new lettuce cultivar Binfen-1, which is rich in polyphenols and may offer enhanced health benefits.

Targeting secretory autophagy in solid cancers: mechanisms, immune regulation and clinical insights.

Secretory autophagy is a classical form of unconventional secretion that integrates autophagy with the secretory process, relying on highly conserved autophagy-related molecules and playing a critical role in tumor progression and treatment resistance. Traditional autophagy is responsible for degrading intracellular substances by fusing autophagosomes with lysosomes. However, secretory autophagy uses autophagy signaling to mediate the secretion of specific substances and regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Risk of Clostridioides difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease patients undergoing vedolizumab treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing condition wherein biologics have improved disease prognosis but introduced elevated infection susceptibility. Vedolizumab (VDZ) demonstrates unique safety advantages; however, a comprehensive systematic comparison regarding the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) between vedolizumab and alternative medications remains absent.

Method: Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and clinicaltrials.

Ultra-high-speed four-dimensional hyperspectral imaging.

We propose, to the best of our knowledge, a novel deep learning-enabled four-dimensional spectral imaging system composed of a reflective coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging system and a panchromatic camera. The system simultaneously captures a compressively coded hyperspectral measurement and a panchromatic measurement. The hyperspectral data cube is recovered by the U-net-3D network.

Above- and belowground phenology responses of subtropical Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) to soil warming, precipitation exclusion and their interaction.

Plant phenology plays an important role in nutrient cycling and carbon balance in forest ecosystems, but its response to the interaction of global warming and precipitation reduction remains unclear. In this study, an experiment with factorial soil warming (ambient, ambient +5 °C) and precipitation exclusion (ambient, ambient -50 %) was conducted in a subtropical Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation. We investigated the effects of soil warming, precipitation exclusion, and their interactions on Chinese fir phenology involving tree height and fine root growth.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of borneol dehydrogenases in Wurfbainia villosa.

Genome-wide screening of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family reveals functional diversification of borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) in Wurfbainia villosa. Wurfbainia villosa is an important medicinal plant, the fruits of which accumulate abundant terpenoids, especially bornane-type including borneol and camphor. The borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) responsible for the conversion of borneol to camphor in W.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of (Ranunculaceae).

The perennial herbal medicine species , is endemic to Changhai Mountain, Jilin province. In this study, we attempted to uncover the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of based on sequencing data using the Illumina sequencing technology. As per the results: (1) the length of its complete cp genome is 155,881 bp with a typical tetrad structure; (2) the structure of its cp genome contains large single-copy and small single-copy (LSC and SSC) regions of 86,351 and 16,9444 bp, respectively, isolated by two inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,293 bp; (3) we annotated a total 131 genes, consisting of 86 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes.

Case report: Coexistence of sigmoid tumor with unusual pathological features and multiple colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with lymph node metastases.

The coexistence of adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) in the same tumor is rare. What is rarer is that the neuroendocrine component is a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) Grade (G) 1. Most colorectal NETs are single, but multiple neuroendocrine tumors (M-NETs) are rare.

Clinical phenotype of obstructive sleep apnea in older adults: a hospital-based retrospective study in China.

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in older people (aged over 65 years) is high. However, OSA in older populations has not received sufficient attention. This study examined the clinical phenotypic characteristics of older patients with newly diagnosed OSA.

N6-methyladenosine Modification of Noncoding RNAs: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cancer.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification remains the most pivotal epigenetic modification on RNA. As we know, m6A not only affects physiological processes but is also involved in carcinoma. Noncoding RNAs play an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of carcinoma.

Efficacy and safety of EUS-guided coil embolization combined with endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection versus balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric varices with high-risk ectopic embolism: A multicenter and retrospective cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Gastric varices (GV) with spontaneous portosystemic shunt (SPSS) are associated with ectopic embolism in endoscopic cyanoacrylate. This study targeted to assess the efficacy and safety of EUS-guided coil embolization combined with endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection versus balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) for GV with high-risk ectopic embolism.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed six tertiary hospitals' 104 patients with GV at high-risk ectopic embolism (the narrowest diameter of SPSS was greater than or equal to 5 mm and the maximum diameter usually >8 mm) who underwent EUS-guided coil embolization combined with endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection or BRTO from January 2014 to December 2020.

Role of Endoscopy in Esophageal Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review.

Esophageal tuberculosis (ET) is a rare infectious disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Awareness of ET is deficient due to its low incidence. Unexplained dysphagia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the most common symptoms of ET.

Role of N‑methyladenosine in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer (Review).

Pancreatic cancer (PC) ranks as the seventh leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality, and is predicted to become the third leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality by the year 2025. Although advanced modalities of diagnosis and treatment have been continuously emerging, the mortality rate (466,003) approximated to that of the morbidity rate (495,773) in 2020. N‑methyladenosine (mA) has been shown to be methylated on the sixth N atom of adenine in RNA, which occurs co‑transcriptionally and serves to regulate gene expression post‑transcriptionally.

Chromosome-level genome assembly and functional characterization of terpene synthases provide insights into the volatile terpenoid biosynthesis of Wurfbainia villosa.

Wurfbainia villosa is a well-known medicinal and edible plant that is widely cultivated in the Lingnan region of China. Its dried fruits (called Fructus Amomi) are broadly used in traditional Chinese medicine for curing gastrointestinal diseases and are rich in volatile terpenoids. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of W.

TA-MSCs, TA-MSCs-EVs, MIF: their crosstalk in immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

As an important component of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), it has been established that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote the progression of tumor cells. MSCs can directly promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells via cytokines and chemokines, as well as promote tumor progression by regulating the functions of anti-tumor immune and immunosuppressive cells. MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs-EVs) contain part of the plasma membrane and signaling factors from MSCs; therefore, they display similar effects on tumors in the immunosuppressive TME.

Modulated excited state geometry and Electron-Phonon coupling of lutein by temperature and solvent polarizability.

Resonance Raman spectroscopy is one of the spectroscopic methods often chosen for studying linear polyene molecules because the Raman intensities of their υ (C = C) and υ (C-C) stretching vibrations are sensitive to electron-phonon coupling and the π-electron energy gap. Here, the resonance Raman and absorption spectra of lutein were studied as a function of solvent polarizabilities and of temperature in the CS solvent. For lutein in CS, as the temperature decreased and CS solidified, the Raman scattering cross-section (RSCS) and the electron-phonon coupling constant had opposite dependence trends on temperature.

Genome-Wide Identification of BAHD Superfamily and Functional Characterization of Bornyl Acetyltransferases Involved in the Bornyl Acetate Biosynthesis in .

Bornyl acetate (BA) is known as a natural aromatic monoterpene ester with a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Borneol acetyltransferase (BAT), catalyzing borneol and acetyl-CoA to synthesize BA, is alcohol acetyltransferase, which belongs to the BAHD super acyltransferase family, however, BAT, responsible for the biosynthesis of BA, has not yet been characterized. The seeds of (homotypic synonym: ) are rich in BA.