Pexophagy Triggered by Enterovirus 71 Modulates the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Through Cholesterol Accumulation in Lysosomes.

Mounting evidence indicates that pexophagy plays a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. However, the crosstalk between pexophagy and enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication remains to be illustrated. The study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis underlying the role of pexophagy in EV71 infection.

Identification and pathological significance of variants in the promoter region of ACTC1 gene in congenital ventricular septal defect.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases, but the role of variants at the ACTC1 gene promoter region in VSD is unclear. We investigated variants in the promoter region of ACTC1 gene in 627 subjects (309 sporadic VSD patients and 318 healthy controls) by Sanger sequencing and 6 variants including 1 novel heterozygous variant [g.5163 T > A] were identified.

Long-term outcomes of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in HIV-negative Cryptococcal meningitis.

Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a life-threatening fungal infection of the central nervous system, with intracranial hypertension being a major contributor to mortality. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting has been established as a crucial intervention for managing elevated intracranial pressure; however, comprehensive long-term prognostic data for CM patients undergoing VP shunt placement remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of VP shunting in patients with CM through a retrospective analysis.

A New Method for Antispastic Effect in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts by Using a L- and T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker Efonidipine.

Background: Internal mammary artery (IMA) is the most commonly used graft in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Spasm of the IMA is a long-recognized problem with the reported prevalence of 0.43% in all CABG surgery.

Effect of light therapy and continuous health education on older adults with coronary heart disease and comorbid depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Light Therapy (LT) along with continuous health education on community-dwelling elderly Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients with comorbid Depressive Symptoms (DSs). A stratified whole-cluster random sample of 60 community-dwelling patients aged ≥65 years with CHD and comorbid DSs was selected and randomized. The participants were randomized into control and intervention groups for routine management alone and LT+continuous health education intervention, respectively (N = 30 each).

Atlas of lysine propionylation of human right atrium and ALDH6A1-NADH pathway in new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary surgery.

Lysine propionylation modification (Kpr) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, but the role of Kpr in postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is unclear. Here, we established an atlas of proteomics and propionylation proteomics in the atrial appendage tissues from 28 CABG patients, exploring the role of Kpr proteins in the occurrence of POAF. The Kpr of ALDH6A1 was most significantly increased on Lys113 (2.

Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics Identifies Plasma Prostaglandin-H2 D-Isomerase as an Early Diagnostic Biomarker for STEMI and NSTEMI.

Myocardial infarction (MI), including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), remains a leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to identify the early diagnostic biomarkers for STEMI and NSTEMI. Plasma samples from 386 patients were classified into four groups: control (CON) (n = 62), unstable angina (UA) (n = 62), STEMI (n = 182), and NSTEMI (n = 80).

Plasma Exosomal Proteomics Identifies Differentially Expressed Proteins as Biomarkers for Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI), including ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI), has been the leading cause of hospitalization and death. Exosomes participate in many physiological and pathological processes and have important effects on cell communication and function. This study analyzed the proteomic characteristics of plasma exosomes with the discovery of exosomal differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in MI patients.

Post-translational acylation of proteins in cardiac hypertrophy.

Acylations are post-translational modifications in which functional groups are attached to amino acids on proteins. Most acylations (acetylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, lactylation, malonylation, propionylation and succinylation) involve lysine but cysteine (palmitoylation) and glycine (myristoylation) residues can also be altered. Acylations have important roles in physiological and pathophysiological processes, including cardiac hypertrophy and related cardiovascular diseases.

Protein post-translational modification crotonylation of TXN and GLO1 in artery and vein grafts for coronary artery surgery.

A key problem in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the lower long-term patency of the saphenous vein (SV) compared to internal thoracic artery (ITA). The potential strategies to improve the long-term patency of the vein graft include developing drugs to block unfavorable pathways in the vein and even to change the protein structure of the vein towards arterial structure. It is therefore important to understand the differences of the protein structure between arterial and venous grafts.

Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation of HXK1 alters energy metabolism and K channel function in the atrium from patients with atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia and is a growing clinical problem. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) constitute crucial epigenetic mechanisms but modification of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (K) in AF is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of K in AF.

Contributing role and molecular basis of Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor deficiency in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin D deficiency are known to promote cardiac hypertrophy, however, whether vitamin D signaling is involved in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cardiac hypertrophy remains unexplored. This study aimed to address this question by clarifying the effect of homocysteine on vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR), with further elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms. Methionine diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemic (HHcy) rats and homocysteine-incubated cardiomyocytes were used as in vivo and in vitro models of cardiac hypertrophy.

Identification and functional validation of variants in the promoter region of HAND1 gene in sporadic tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital heart disease (CHD) but the impact of the variants of the HAND1 gene promoter region has not been explored.

Methods: DNA from blood samples of 612 subjects (300 sporadic TOF patients and 312 healthy controls) was sequenced to identify variants in the HAND1 gene promoter region that were further tested by cellular function experiments including dual-luciferase reporter gene assays, electrophoretic mobility shift analysis (EMSA), and bioinformatics analysis using JASPAR, a transcription factor binding site database.

Results: Eight variants in HAND1 gene promoter region were identified with 3 only found in TOF patients including one novel g.

Risk Factors of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in the Recent 10 Years: Clinical Analysis of 6229 Patients.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) that prolongs hospitalization and increases expenses.

Hypothesis: Perioperative risk factors may predict POAF.

Methods: From March 2015 to January 2023, 6229 patients who underwent isolated CABG and were in sinus rhythm before CABG were included in this retrospective study.

Association between serum pyridoxal 5'-phosphate levels and all-cause, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in adults: a population-based cohort study.

Background: The association between pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a topic of discussion.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum PLP levels and the incidence of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and the risk of CVD among the US population.

Design: A population-based cohort study.

Associations of urinary phytoestrogens with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults: a population-based cohort study.

Background: The overall understanding of the correlations between mortality risk and phytoestrogens in general population remains limited. We examined the association between urinary phytoestrogen levels and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods: Weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

ER stress modulates Kv1.5 channels via PERK branch in HL-1 atrial myocytes: Relevance to atrial arrhythmogenesis and the effect of tetramethylpyrazine.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in cardiac arrhythmia whereas the associated mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Kv1.5 channels are essential for atrial repolarization.

Involvement of different K channel subtypes in hydrogen sulfide-induced vasorelaxation of human internal mammary artery.

Background: Changes in K channel expression/function are associated with disruption of vascular reactivity in several pathological conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Gasotransmitters achieve part of their effects in the organism by regulating ion channels, especially K channels. Their involvement in hydrogen sulfide (HS)-mediated vasorelaxation is still unclear, and data about human vessels are limited.

Molecular and cellular role of variants of the promoter region of HAND1 gene in sporadic and isolated ventricular septal defect.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common type of congenital heart disease. HAND1 gene plays a crucial role in the development of the heart, but the role of the variants in the HAND1 gene promoter region in patients with VSD has not been explored yet. From 588 participants (300 with isolated and sporadic VSD and 288 healthy controls), DNA was extracted from blood samples.

[Specification for genetic diagnosis of congenital heart disease].

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common congenital malformations and a major cause of mortality among neonates and children. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of CHD have relied on clinical features and imaging findings. With the rapid development of genetic techniques, to identify the cause of CHD through genetic diagnosis has gained great significance for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CHD.

Metabolomics Analysis Identifies Differential Metabolites as Biomarkers for Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI), including ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI), is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolomics technology was used to explore differential metabolites (DMs) as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of STEMI and NSTEMI. In the study, 2531 metabolites, including 1925 DMs, were discovered.

Variants of the promoter of MYH6 gene in congenital isolated and sporadic patent ductus arteriosus: case-control study and cellular functional analyses.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common form of congenital heart disease. The MYH6 gene has important effects on cardiovascular growth and development, but the effect of variants in the MYH6 gene promoter on ductus arteriosus is unknown. DNA was extracted from blood samples of 721 subjects (428 patients with isolated and sporadic PDA and 293 healthy controls) and analyzed by sequencing for MYH6 gene promoter region variants.

Metabolomics and Biomarkers for Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with serious complications. This study investigated the metabolic biomarkers associated with AF and the differences in metabolomics and associated metabolic biomarkers between paroxysmal AF (AFPA) and persistent AF.

Methods And Results: Plasma samples were prospectively collected from patients with AF and patients in sinus rhythm with negative coronary angiography.