Transcriptome and proteome of ovarian tissues revealed the differences in the ovaries of dairy goats during the breeding and non-breeding seasons.

Dairy goats represent a crucial species within global dairy livestock. In temperate regions with distinct seasons, dairy goats exhibit reduced reproductive activity under long photoperiod conditions-a phase termed the non-breeding season. This poses a significant challenge to sustaining year-round goat milk production.

CD36 molecule and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling drive docosahexaenoic acid-induced lipid remodeling in goat mammary epithelial cells.

Goat milk is a vital component of China's dairy industry, renowned for its richness in lipids essential to human health. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3, DHA), are particularly valuable for their integration into phospholipids and triacylglycerols. While mammary cells can uptake and channel PUFAs into lipids for milk fat secretion, the broader functional effects of DHA within these cells remain unclear.

Design and verification of a 25 K multiple-SNP liquid-capture chip by target sequencing for dairy goat.

Background: In the genetic breeding research of dairy goats, traditional genotyping methods have limitations, and existing goat chips have shortcomings in functional loci and other aspects, which cannot meet the precise genetic analysis needs of dairy goats. Genotyping by Target Sequencing (GBTS) in the new generation of sequencing technology provides the possibility to solve these problems.

Results: A large number of candidate SNP sites related to important economic traits in dairy goats were identified through various analysis and screening methods.

ADCY5 Gene Affects Seasonal Reproduction in Dairy Goats by Regulating Ovarian Granulosa Cells Steroid Hormone Synthesis.

Follicle development in dairy goats is lower after induced estrus during the non-breeding season, reducing conception rates and challenging year-round milk supply. This study investigated follicle development during the breeding and non-breeding seasons and explored molecular mechanisms for variations in the proportions of follicles of different sizes using ovarian RNA-seq and in vitro experiments. Induced estrus during the non-breeding season used a simulated breeding season short photoperiod and male effect methods, while the male effect method was used during the breeding season.

TG-MS Analysis for Elemental Composition of Organic Matters and Their Structural Properties.

A novel approach for determining the elemental content of organic matter through thermal gravimetric analysis coupled online with a mass spectrometer (TG-MS) is disclosed. This method not only yields results equivalent to ASTM analysis but also provides insight into the covalent bond structure within the sample. The principle of this technique consists of the combustion of organic matter in an oxygen-enriched environment within the thermogravimetric (TG) system.

Trend prediction and influencing factors of the production comparative advantage of China's main apple-producing provinces.

Introduction: The apple industry is an essential industry to assist in rural revitalization. However, in recent years, the urbanization, industrialization, globalization and climate change have brought various challenges to the apple industry in China's main apple-producing provinces. Given this, effectively identifying, enhancing on apple production comparative advantage (APCA) is imperative to safeguard the long-term sustainable development of China's apple industry.

Chromosome-level dairy goat genome reveals the regulatory landscape of lactation.

Goat milk is rich in various nutrients that are beneficial for human health. However, the genomic evolution and genetic basis underlying the nutritional value and unique flavor formation in dairy goats remain poorly understood. In the present study, we generate a chromosome-level genome assembly for dairy goats comprising 2.

Genome-wide association study provided insights into the polled phenotype and polled intersex syndrome (PIS) in goats.

Background: Breeding polled goats is a welfare-friendly approach for horn removal in comparison to invasive methods. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis underlying polledness in goats, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of 106 Xinong Saanen dairy goats, including 33 horned individuals, 70 polled individuals, and 3 polled intersexuality syndrome (PIS) individuals.

Methods: The present study employed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis to precisely map the genetic locus underlying the polled phenotype in goats.

Integrated analysis of genomics and transcriptomics revealed the genetic basis for goaty flavor formation in goat milk.

Goat milk exhibits a robust and distinctive "goaty" flavor. However, the underlying genetic basis of goaty flavor remains elusive and requires further elucidation at the genomic level. Through comparative genomics analysis, we identified divergent signatures of certain proteins in goat, sheep, and cow.

MiR-103-5p deficiency suppresses lipid accumulation via upregulating PLSCR4 and its host gene PANK3 in goat mammary epithelial cells.

Lipids are intimately related to the unique flavor and nutritional values of goat milk. MicroRNAs (miRNA) participate in the regulation of various biological functions, including the synthesis and degradation of lipids. Several studies have shown that miR-103 is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, however, the molecular mechanism by which miR-103 regulates lipid metabolism in goat mammary gland is poorly understood.

Knockdown of PROX1 promotes milk fatty acid synthesis by targeting PPARGC1A in dairy goat mammary gland.

Goat milk is rich in various fatty acids that are beneficial to human health. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-seq analyses of goat mammary glands at different lactation stages revealed a novel lactation regulatory factor, Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1). However, the mechanism whereby PROX1 regulates lipid metabolism in dairy goats remains unclear.

Effect of Starch Plasticization on Morphological, Mechanical, Crystalline, Thermal, and Optical Behavior of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Thermoplastic Starch Composite Films.

Starches plasticized with glycerol/citric acid/stearic acid and tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC), respectively, were processed with poly (butylene adipate-Co-terephthalate (PBAT) via extrusion and a film-blown process. All the composite films were determined for morphology, mechanical, thermal stability, crystalline, and optical properties. Results show that the most improved morphology was in the 30% glycerol plasticized PBAT/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite films, characterized by the smallest and narrowest distribution of TPS particle sizes and a more uniform dispersion of TPS particles.

The FoxO1-ATGL axis alters milk lipolysis homeostasis through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in dairy goat mammary epithelial cells.

Goat milk is enriched in fatty acids which are beneficial to human health. Previous research has revealed that 98% of milk fat is composed of triglycerides. However, the mechanisms regulating milk fat composition remain unclear.

Fatty Acid Desaturation Is Suppressed in Mir-26a/b Knockout Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells by Upregulating .

MicroRNA-26 (miR-26a and miR-26b) plays a critical role in lipid metabolism, but its endogenous regulatory mechanism in fatty acid metabolism is not clear in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs). GMECs with the simultaneous knockout of miR-26a and miR-26b were obtained using the CRISPR/Cas9 system with four sgRNAs. In knockout GMECs, the contents of triglyceride, cholesterol, lipid droplets, and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) were significantly reduced, and the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism was decreased, but the expression level of miR-26 target insulin-induced gene 1 () was significantly increased.

Genome-wide analysis of the acyl-coenzyme A synthetase family and their association with the formation of goat milk flavour.

Goat milk is rich in fat and protein, thus, has high nutritional values and benefits human health. However, goaty flavour is a major concern that interferes with consumer acceptability of goat milk and the 4-alkyl-branched-chain fatty acids (vBCFAs) are the major substances relevant to the goaty flavour in goat milk. Previous research reported that the acyl-coenzyme A synthetases (ACSs) play a key role in the activation of fatty acids, which is a prerequisite for fatty acids entering anabolic and catabolic processes and highly involved in the regulation of vBCFAs metabolism.

Changes in Chinese Adults' Physical Activity Behavior and Determinants before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in Chinese adults' physical activity (PA) behavior and determinants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A total of 1028 adults (aged 19-59 years) were recruited from 127 urban and rural neighborhoods in China using stratified three-stage probability sampling. Data collection was conducted in December 2019 and July 2020.

How Capital Endowment and Ecological Cognition Affect Environment-Friendly Technology Adoption: A Case of Apple Farmers of Shandong Province, China.

Ever-increasing global environmental issues, land degradation, and groundwater contamination may significantly impact the agricultural sector of any country. The situation worsens while the global agricultural sectors are going through the unsustainable intensification of agricultural production powered by chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This trend leads the sector to exercise environmentally friendly technology (EFT).

Characterization of microRNA profiles in the mammary gland tissue of dairy goats at the late lactation, dry period and late gestation stages.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating mammary gland development and lactation. We previously analyzed miRNA expression profiles in Laoshan dairy goat mammary glands at the early (20 d postpartum), peak (90 d postpartum) and late lactation (210 d postpartum) stages. To further enrich and clarify the miRNA expression profiles during the lactation physiological cycle, we sequenced miRNAs in the mammary gland tissues of Laoshan dairy goats at three newly selected stages: the late lactation (240 d postpartum), dry period (300 d postpartum) and late gestation (140 d after mating) stages.

The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) draft genome dissects genetic divergence between soft- and hard-seeded cultivars.

Complete and highly accurate reference genomes and gene annotations are indispensable for basic biological research and trait improvement of woody tree species. In this study, we integrated single-molecule sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture techniques to produce a high-quality and long-range contiguity chromosome-scale genome assembly of the soft-seeded pomegranate cultivar 'Tunisia'. The genome covers 320.

The comfort of patients with different nasal packings after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A protocol for network meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic sinusitis (CRS) is a high incidence disease and seriously affects the patients' quality of life, causes tremendous economic burden as well. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is one of the most common therapies for chronic sinusitis. While whether there is a need for nasal packing and which is the best one is still unclear.

Long noncoding RNA HOXD-AS1 in various cancers: a meta-analysis and TCGA data review.

Unlabelled: HOXD antisense growth-associated long noncoding RNA (HOXD-AS1) was reported to be upregulated in various cancers, such as gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and glioma. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas data review to investigate the clinicopathologic and prognostic value of HOXD-AS1 in patients with malignant tumors. Systematic literatures were searched from PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE database, Ovid, Chinese CNKI, and the Chinese WanFang database.

Complementary iTRAQ-based proteomic and RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic analyses reveal a complex network regulating pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peel colour.

Peel colour is an important factor affecting the marketability of pomegranate fruits. Therefore, elucidating the genetic mechanism of fruit peel colour development may be useful for breeding pomegranate cultivars with enhanced fruit peel colours. In this study, we combined an iTRAQ-based proteome-level analysis with an RNA sequencing-based transcriptome-level analysis to detect the proteins and genes related to fruit peel colour development in pomegranate.

Integrated microRNA and mRNA expression profiling reveals a complex network regulating pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed hardness.

The breeding of new soft-seeded pomegranate cultivars provides new products for the market and increases farmers' incomes, yet the genetic architecture mediating seed hardness is largely unknown. Here, the seed hardness and hundred-seed weights of 26 cultivars were determined in 2 successive years. We conducted miRNA and mRNA sequencing to analyse the seeds of two varieties of Punica granatum: soft-seeded Tunisia and hard-seeded Sanbai, at 60 and 120 d after flowering.