Ictal hypersalivation as a prominent symptom in a girl with insulo-opercular epilepsy.

Introduction: Hypersalivation has been associated with Rolandic epilepsy and other childhood epilepsy syndromes. However, pure salivatory seizures are a rare type of focal seizure in which ictal hypersalivation is the dominant feature throughout the seizures.

Case Presentation: We present a case of pure salivatory seizures originating from the right post-central operculum cortex, confirmed by the favorable surgical outcome.

Global trends in research of glutamate in epilepsy during past two decades: A bibliometric analysis.

Epilepsy affects more than 70 million people in the world. It is characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures, and it is related to many neurological, cognitive, and psychosocial consequences. Glutamate neurotransmitter dysfunction has essential functions in the pathophysiology of epilepsy.

Repeated long sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation reduces seizure frequency in patients with refractory focal epilepsy: An open-label extension study.

Objective: Although clinical trials have demonstrated that cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is effective for seizure reduction, its long-term efficacy is unknown. This study aimed to determine the long-term effects of repeated cathodal long tDCS sessions on seizure suppression in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Methods: Patients were recruited to participate in an extended phase of a previous randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, three-arm, parallel, multicenter study on tDCS.

Distinct Patterns of Automatic and Controlled Incongruent Information Processing in the Human Brain.

It is a fundamental ability to discriminate incongruent information in daily activity. However, the underlying neural dynamics are still unclear. Using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), in this study, we investigated the fine-grained and different states of incongruent information processing in patients with refractory epilepsy who underwent intracranial electrode implantation.

Correlations between uncertainty in illness and anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: To investigate the uncertainty in illness, anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis and confirm the correlations between these variables.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 396 patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis in four tertiary hospitals in China.

Methods: Uncertainty in illness was measured by Mishel's uncertainty in illness scale.

Fluid and White Matter Suppression Imaging and Voxel-Based Morphometric Analysis in Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Negative Epilepsy.

Delineation of subtle lesions in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative patients is of great importance in preoperative epilepsy evaluation. The aim of our study was to explore the diagnostic value of the novel fluid and white matter suppression (FLAWS) sequence in comparison with a voxel-based MRI postprocessing morphometric analysis program (MAP) in a consecutive cohort of non-lesional patients. Surgical candidates with a negative finding on an official neuroradiology report were enrolled.

Voxel-based morphometric MRI post-processing and PET/MRI co-registration reveal subtle abnormalities in cingulate epilepsy.

Objective: Diagnostic challenges exist in the presurgical evaluation of patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) negative cingulate epilepsy (CE) because of the heterogeneity in clinical semiology and lack of localizing findings on scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. We aimed to examine the neuroimaging characteristics in a consecutive cohort of patients with MRI-negative CE with a focus on two image post-processing methods, including the MRI post-processing morphometric analysis program (MAP) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-MRI (PET/MRI) co-registration.

Methods: Included in this retrospective study were patients with MRI-negative CE who met the following criteria: negative on preoperative MRI, invasive EEG (iEEG) confirmed cingulate gyrus-onset seizures, surgical resection of the cingulate gyrus with/without adjacent cortex, and seizure-free for more than 12 months.

Correlates of Symptom Burden of Hemodialysis Patients.

This cross-sectional study assessed the overall symptom burden, including the prevalence, frequency, severity, and distress of symptoms among hemodialysis patients, and explored the relationship between demographic characteristics, clinical variables, self-management, sense of coherence, social support, and symptom burden in these patients. Herein, a regression analysis was performed to determine associations with symptom burden. The mean score of symptom burden among the participants (n = 382) was 74.

Transcranial direct current stimulation reduces seizure frequency in patients with refractory focal epilepsy: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, and three-arm parallel multicenter study.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been explored in epilepsy with limited samples, varied parameters, and inconclusive results. We aimed to study the efficacy of tDCS for patients with refractory focal epilepsy.

Method: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, and three-arm (Group 1 (sham), Group 2 (20-min), and Group 3 (2 × 20-min)) tDCS parallel multicenter study.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Patients With Pharmacoresistant Epileptic Spasms: A Pilot Study.

Epileptic spasms (ES) is a severe seizure type and lack of adequate methods for controlling of clinical attacks. Previous studies have indicated that cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reduces seizure frequency for patients with epilepsy. ES are proposed to have a focal cortical origin.

Analysis of Plaque Composition in Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Lesion Using Virtual Histology-Intravascular Ultrasound.

Background And Objectives: Success rates of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have recently been reported to range from 80% to 90%. A better understanding of the pathologic characteristics of the CTO lesion may helpful to improving CTO PCI success rates. We evaluated the CTO lesion in patients with stable angina (SA) by virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS).

Analysis of Carotid Ultrasound Findings on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease during Seven-Year Follow-Up.

Background And Objectives: Both carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid plaque are important factors in the primary prevention of cardiac disease. However, it is unclear which one is more important for prognosis, especially in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Subjects And Methods: In total, 1426 consecutive CAD patients, proven by angiography, were followed-up for a mean of 85 months.

A study on the relationships between age, work experience, cognition, and work ability in older employees working in heavy industry.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of age, work experience, cognition, and work ability in older employees working in heavy industry. [Subjects and Methods] The study was conducted using 100 subjects who were over 55 years old and worked in heavy industry. To obtain data, we first had the subjects complete the MoCA-K test and Work Ability Index (WAI).

Discrepancy of calcium detection between gray scale intravascular ultrasound and spectral analysis of radiofrequency data.

Background: We evaluated discrepancy of calcium detection between gray scale intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and virtual histology (VH)-IVUS and the association between coronary calcium and plaque composition.

Methods: Study population consisted of 162 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with VH-IVUS study. Subjects were divided into 3 groups based on gray scale IVUS findings; No calcification group (n=50), spotty group (n=56) who had a lesion containing only small calcium deposits within an arc <90° and diffuse group (n=56) who had a diffuse calcified lesion with an arc ≥ 90° in ≥ 1 cross-sectional image of the lesion.

Evaluation of CVD diamond coating layer using leaky Rayleigh wave.

In the present study, the possibility of using leaky Rayleigh waves as a nondestructive tool for the evaluation of CVD diamond coating layer is explored experimentally. For this purpose, a set of CVD diamond coated specimens are prepared and the leaky Rayleigh waves are measured in an immersion, pulse-echo setup. For the proper analysis of the acquired signals we propose a novel signal analysis approach, namely the "time trace angular scan (TTAS)" image.