Ultrasound-microwave-enzyme synergistic extraction of Brassica rapa L. polysaccharides: Structural characterization, in vitro fecal fermentation dynamics, and gut microbiota modulation.

This study investigated fermentation-induced alterations in the structural and physicochemical properties of Brassica rapa L. polysaccharide (BRL-G) and their effects on gut microbiota composition. An in vitro continuous bioreactor system was used, combining ultrasound-microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction with fecal microbiota co-culture.

-Mediated Synthesis of Monodisperse Silver Nanoparticles as Components of Bioactive Nanofibrous Dressings with Dual Antibacterial and Regenerative Functions.

The effective healing of chronic wounds requires balancing antimicrobial activity with tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed a novel, eco-friendly synthesis method using extract to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), addressing toxicity concerns associated with conventional chemical synthesis methods. Through optimization of multiple synthesis parameters, monodisperse spherical AgNPs with an average diameter of 6.

Leaf flower: green-synthesized silver nanoparticles from leaf extract reveal superior antimicrobial and cytotoxic efficacy.

Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising antimicrobial agents, yet optimizing their synthesis and understanding their biological mechanisms remain crucial challenges. This study reports the synthesis of AgNPs using leaf and flower extracts, leveraging their phytochemical composition for green synthesis. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 38 metabolites, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols, which served as reducing and stabilizing agents.

Identification of prognostic hub genes and functional role of BAIAP2L2 in prostate cancer progression: a transcriptomic and experimental study.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy in men, and understanding its molecular mechanisms is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets.

Methods: Transcriptomic data from prostate tumors and matched healthy tissues were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differential expression analysis using the DESeq2 algorithm identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Is there a relationship between serum uric acid and prostate-specific antigen in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men?

Hyperuricemia may be one of the risk factors for the development of prostate cancer. We evaluated the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese men, and the adjustment effects of age, glycolipid metabolism and renal function. From January 2019 to December 2024, 967 participants from the middle-aged and elderly Chinese men who attended the urology outpatient clinic of Shuguang Hospital (Shanghai, China) were recruited in this cross-sectional study.

Cu-MOF-Decorated 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Infection Control and Bone Regeneration.

Infection control and bone regeneration remain critical challenges in bone defect treatment. We developed a 3D-printed scaffold incorporating copper-based metal-organic framework-74 (Cu-MOF-74) within a polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite composite. The synthesized Cu-MOF-74 exhibited a well-defined crystalline structure and rod-like morphology, as confirmed by TEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD analyses.

Advanced insights into mushroom polysaccharides: Extraction methods, structure-activity, prebiotic properties, and health-promoting effects.

Mushroom-derived polysaccharides, especially β-glucans, have attracted considerable attention because of their various biological regulatory functions. Advanced extraction technologies, including ultrasonic-assisted, microwave-assisted, enzyme-assisted, ultrasonic-microwave synergistic, subcritical water, and aqueous two-phase extractions, are extensively utilized to optimize the efficient recovery of biologically active compounds from mushrooms, progressively supplanting conventional methods. In addition, mushroom polysaccharides are acknowledged as "important biological response modifiers.

Food-Induced Adverse Reactions: A Review of Physiological Food Quality Control, Mucosal Defense Mechanisms, and Gastrointestinal Physiology.

Although food is essential for the survival of organisms, it can also trigger a variety of adverse reactions, ranging from nutrient intolerances to celiac disease and food allergies. Food not only contains essential nutrients but also includes numerous substances that may have positive or negative effects on the consuming organism. To protect against potentially harmful components, all animals have evolved defense mechanisms, which are similar to antimicrobial defenses but often come at the cost of the organism's health.

Data-driven fault identification method of RV reducer used in industrial robot.

The RV reducers are complex and sealed mechanical systems that are difficult to conduct fault diagnosis in advance. The previous research worked on the fault identification of RV reducer were mainly carried out on the test platforms instead of real complex working conditions. Most of faults were intentionally created in laboratory instead of real malfunction caused by factory daily operation.

Smoke and NO emission characteristics of in-use construction machinery base on substantial field measurement: A case study in Beijing, China.

To understand the smoke level and NO emission characteristics of in-use construction machinery in Beijing, we selected 905 construction machines in Beijing from August 2022 to April 2023 to monitor the emission level of smoke and NO. The exhaust smoke level and excessive emission situation of different machinery types were identified, and their NO emission levels were monitored according to the free acceleration method. We investigated the correlation of NO and smoke emission, and proposed suggestions for controlling pollution discharge from construction machinery in the future.

Transcription factor GmAlfin09 regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress in soybean via peroxidase GmPRDX6.

Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is a valuable oil crop but is also highly susceptible to environmental stress.

Green Synthesis of Narrow-Size Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaves: Condition Optimization, Characterization, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities.

Natural products derived from medicinal plants offer convenience and therapeutic potential and have inspired the development of antimicrobial agents. Thus, it is worth exploring the combination of nanotechnology and natural products. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the leaf extract of (Gb), having abundant flavonoid compounds.

Effects of different extraction methods on the physico-chemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from Clitocybe squamulosa.

This study comparatively evaluated the effects of the commonly used six extraction methods (acidic, alkaline, enzymatic, ultrasonic, high-pressure, and microwave) on the physico-chemical properties, processing characteristics, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Clitocybe squamulosa (CSFPs). The results show that polysaccharides extracted using an enzyme-assisted extraction method has a relatively high extraction yield (4.46 ± 1.

Spatial distribution and risk assessment of pyrethroid insecticides in surface waters of East China Sea estuaries.

Pyrethroid insecticides are the most commonly used household insecticides and pose substantial risks to marine aquatic organisms. many studies have detected pyrethroid insecticides in the waters and estuaries of the western United States, but their distributions within western Pacific estuaries have not been reported. Accordingly, we used high-throughput organic analyses combined with high volume solid-phase extraction to comprehensively assess 13 pyrethroid insecticides in East China Sea estuaries and the Huangpu River.

Operation characteristics of soil blasting vibration test device under vibration load.

To improve the accuracy of vibration velocity monitoring during blasting in soil layers, this paper provides a method and device for data correction by combining finite element software and actual engineering test data. Based on the length of the test pedestal exposed to the surface of the geotechnical body, the finite element structural model corresponding to each length of the test pedestal is established. Moreover, a predetermined external excitation load is applied outside the finite element model and the correction function of the vibration data is obtained by analysis of the stress and vibration data.

Orientin Reduces the Effects of Repeated Procedural Neonatal Pain in Adulthood: Network Pharmacology Analysis, Molecular Docking Analysis, and Experimental Validation.

Background: Premature infants often undergo painful procedures and consequently experience repeated procedural neonatal pain. This can elicit hyperalgesia and cognitive impairment in adulthood. Treatments for neonatal pain are limited.

The stratification and prognostic importance of molecular and immune landscapes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

The aim of our research is to explore the various characteristics and genetic profiles of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in order to discover possible predictors of prognosis and targets for treatment. By utilizing ssGSEA scores, we categorized patients with ccRCC into groups based on their phenotype, distinguishing between low and high. This categorization revealed significant variations in the expression of crucial immune checkpoint genes and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes, suggesting the presence of a potential immune evasion tactic in different subtypes of ccRCC.

Conservation of the enzyme-like activity and biocompatibility of CeO nanozymes in simulated body fluids.

Cerium oxide nanozymes (CeONZs) are attracting vast attention due to their antioxidant and catalytic properties and mimic the activities of multiple endogenous enzymes. However, as is the case for nanomedicines in general, the success in showing their unique medical applications has not been matched by an understanding of their pharmacokinetics, which is delaying their implementation in clinical settings. Furthermore, the data of their modifications in body fluids and the impact on their activity are scarce.

Effects of digestion and fecal fermentation on physico-chemical properties and metabolic behavior of polysaccharides from .

The aim of this study was to establish a human digestion model to explore the degradation characteristics of a novel high-purity polysaccharide from (CSFP2). The results showed that the content of reducing sugars ( ) of CSFP2 increased from 0.13 to 0.

Identification of the novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers associated of prostate cancer with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).

Globally, prostate cancer remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity despite advances in treatment. Research on prostate cancer has primarily focused on the malignant epithelium, but the tumor microenvironment has recently been recognized as an important factor in the progression of prostate cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in prostate cancer progression among multiple cell types in the tumor microenvironment.

Foxtail millet MYB-like transcription factor SiMYB16 confers salt tolerance in transgenic rice by regulating phenylpropane pathway.

R2R3-MYB transcription factors play an important role in the synthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, which in turn provide salt tolerance in plant. In this study, we found that the expression of foxtail millet R2R3-MYB factor SiMYB16 can be induced by salt and drought. SiMYB16 is localized in the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional activator.

A Self-Reinforcing Nanoplatform for Highly Effective Synergistic Targeted Combinatary Calcium-Overload and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer.

While calcium-overload-mediated therapy (COMT) is a promising but largely untapped therapeutic strategy, combinatory therapy greatly boosts treatment outcomes with integrated merits of different therapies. Herein, a BPQD@CaO -PEG-GPC3Ab nanoplatform is formulated by integrating calcium peroxide (CaO ) and black phosphorus quantum dot (BPQD, photosensitizer) with active-targeting glypican-3 antibody (GPC3Ab), for combinatory photodynamic therapy (PDT) and COMT in response to acidic pH and near-infrared (NIR) light, wherein CaO serves as the reservoir of calcium ions (Ca ) and hydrogen peroxide (H O ). Navigated by GPC3Ab to tumor cells at acidic pH, the nanoparticle disassembles to CaO and BPQD; CaO produces COMT Ca and H O , while H O makes oxygen (O ) to promote PDT; under NIR irradiation BPQD facilitates not only the conversion of O to singlet oxygen ( O ) for PDT, but also moderate hyperthermia to accelerate NP dissociation to CaO and BPQD, and conversions of CaO to Ca and H O , and H O to O , to enhance both COMT and PDT.

The Integration of Nanomedicine with Traditional Chinese Medicine: Drug Delivery of Natural Products and Other Opportunities.

The integration of progressive technologies such as nanomedicine with the use of natural products from traditional medicine (TM) provides a unique opportunity for the longed-for harmonization between traditional and modern medicine. Although several actions have been initiated decades ago, a disparity of reasons including some misunderstandings between each other limits the possibilities of a truly complementation. Herein, we analyze some common challenges between nanomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Dynamic Dissociation Behaviors of sII Hydrates in Liquid Water by Heating: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach.

An understanding of the dynamic behavior of subtle hydrate dissociation in the liquid water phase is fundamental for gas production from marine hydrate reservoirs. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed in this study to investigate the dissociation kinetics of pure propane and binary propane + methane sII hydrates in a liquid water environment. The results show that faster hydrate dissociation rates are observed at higher initial temperatures.