A Conserved FABP5 Macrophage Subset Promotes Fibrosis and Carcinogenesis in Advanced Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: The relationship between chronic liver disease and liver cancer remains poorly understood, and treatment options for advanced liver disease remain limited. This study aims to elucidate the dynamic evolution of cellular and molecular alterations from normal liver to diseased liver.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to profile the dynamic cellular variations from normal liver to diseased liver.

Bacterial alarmone (p)ppGpp mediates the pathogenicity of via a dual mechanism that affects both enzyme production and the Tat secretion system.

Unlabelled: The gram-positive bacterium (Cm) causes bacterial canker of tomato. The infection process of Cm is of considerable interest, and the role of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate or pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp], a global regulator, has been strongly implicated in bacterial survival and pathogenicity. Transcriptome analysis comparing a (p)ppGpp-deficient strain (Δ) to the wild-type strain demonstrated that (p)ppGpp down-regulates the expression of many genes encoding ribosomal components and ABC transporter proteins, while up-regulating genes associated with amino acid metabolism, biofilm synthesis, and the production and secretion of cell-wall degrading enzymes.

Liver metastasis or peritoneal metastasis: single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the organotropism in colorectal cancer is driven by distinct partial-EMT processes.

Liver and peritoneum are the most common metastatic organs in colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms of metastatic organotropism remain unexplored. Here we used single-cell RNA-sequencing to reveal the intermediate EMT state of tumor cells from colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) and colorectal cancer peritoneum metastasis (CRPM).

FGSE02, a Novel Secreted Protein in FG-12, Leads to Cell Death in Plant Tissues and Modulates Fungal Virulence.

Fungal phytopathogens employ effector proteins and secondary metabolites to subvert host immunity. Effector proteins have attracted widespread interest in infection, especially for unknown, unreported genes. However, the type of protein remains much less explored.

dynamic visualization and evaluation of collagen degradation utilizing NIR-II fluorescence imaging in mice models.

Collagen-based biomaterials are gaining prominence in tissue engineering, attributed to their remarkable biocompatibility, inherent biodegradability, and unparalleled capacity to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. However, the ability to dynamically visualize and quantitatively assess collagen degradation remains a critical challenge, hindering the development of optimized biomaterials for clinical applications. To address this, a novel approach was developed to monitor the injury microenvironment by conjugating second near-infrared quantum dots with solid collagen.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair Augmented With a Polyethylene Terephthalate Band Supports Biomechanical Stability During the Early Healing Phase in a Rabbit Model.

Background: Augmented repair is an alternative strategy for the treatment of acute ligament and tendon injuries that imparts time-zero biomechanical strength to allow early loading, thereby protecting the repaired structures during the early healing process.

Purpose: To investigate the biomechanical properties and biological healing process after suture repair of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) augmentation and compare the findings with those obtained without PET augmentation.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Optimal suturing techniques in patch-bridging reconstruction for massive rotator cuff tears: A finite element analysis.

Purpose: To use a finite element method to construct a patch-bridge repair model for massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) and investigate the effects of different suture methods and knot numbers on postoperative biomechanics.

Methods: A finite element model based on intact glenohumeral joint data was used for a biomechanical study. A full-thickness defect and retraction model of the supraspinatus tendon simulated MRCTs.

Synchronously in vivo real-time monitoring bacterial load and temperature with evaluating immune response to decipher bacterial infection.

Determining the precise course of bacterial infection requires abundant in vivo real-time data. Synchronous monitoring of the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response can satisfy the shortage of real-time in vivo data. Here, we conducted a study in the joint-infected mouse model to synchronously monitor the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response using the second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging, infrared thermography, and immune response analysis for 2 weeks.

Intratumoral injection of interferon gamma promotes the efficacy of anti-PD1 treatment in colorectal cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer new options for the treatment of patients with solid cancers worldwide. The majority of colorectal cancers (CRC) are proficient in mismatch-repair (pMMR) genes, harboring fewer tumor antigens and are insensitive to ICIs. These tumors are often found to be immune-deserted.

Circulation immune cell landscape in canonical pathogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma by CyTOF analysis.

Current studies on the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) were mostly limited to the tissue level, lacking relevant studies in the peripheral blood, and failed to describe its alterations in the whole process of adenocarcinoma formation, especially of adenoma carcinogenesis. Here, we constructed a large-scale population cohort and used the CyTOF to explore the changes of various immune cell subsets in peripheral blood of CRC. We found monocytes and basophils cells were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma patients.

Single-Dose Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Modulates Inflammation During Meniscal Tear Healing in the Avascular Zone.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) promotes tissue healing by modulating inflammation, which has implications for meniscal tear healing in the avascular zone.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a single dose of radial ESWT on the healing process and inflammation of the meniscus and knee joints after meniscal tears in the avascular zone.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Pan-Cancer Single-Nucleus Total RNA Sequencing Using snHH-Seq.

Tumor heterogeneity and its drivers impair tumor progression and cancer therapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing is used to investigate the heterogeneity of tumor ecosystems. However, most methods of scRNA-seq amplify the termini of polyadenylated transcripts, making it challenging to perform total RNA analysis and somatic mutation analysis.

Receptor-interacting Protein Kinase 2 Is an Immunotherapy Target in Pancreatic Cancer.

Unlabelled: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal malignancy because of its aggressive nature and the paucity of effective treatment options. Almost all registered drugs have proven ineffective in addressing the needs of patients with PDAC. This is the result of a poor understanding of the unique tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) in PDAC.

Research on the effect of tire pattern design on noise and its reduction.

This paper studies pattern noise in original equipment fitment through four approaches, including pitch arrangement optimization, pipe resonance experiment, orthogonal experimental design of tread transverse groove, and block shift simulation. An in-cab noise test is conducted to verify the effectiveness. Results show an 8.

A novel double-ribonuclease toxin-antitoxin system linked to the stress response and survival of .

Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), which is caused by the seed-borne bacterium , is a devastating disease affecting cucurbit crops throughout the world. Although seed fermentation and treatment with disinfectants can provide effective management of BFB, they cannot completely guarantee pathogen-free seedstock, which suggests that is a highly stress-resistant pathogen. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are common among a diverse range of bacteria and have been reported to play a role in bacterial stress response.

Dissecting the immune discrepancies in mouse liver allograft tolerance and heart/kidney allograft rejection.

The liver is the most tolerogenic of transplanted organs. However, the mechanisms underlying liver transplant tolerance are not well understood. The comparison between liver transplantation tolerance and heart/kidney transplantation rejection will deepen our understanding of tolerance and rejection in solid organs.

Application of Nondegradable Synthetic Materials for Tendon and Ligament Injury.

Tendon and ligament injuries, prevalent requiring surgical intervention, significantly impact joint stability and function. Owing to excellent mechanical properties and biochemical stability, Nondegradable synthetic materials, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), have demonstrated significant potential in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. These above materials offer substantial mechanical support, joint mobility, and tissue healing promotion of the shoulder, knee, and ankle joint.

Mycoplasma infection mimicking a malignancy in a waldenstrom macroglobulinemia patient.

Background: Mycoplasma hominis infection is common in urinary tract. F-FDG-PET/CT is a valuable tool for tumor and infection diagnosis. Few studies have shown the F-FDG-PET/CT images after mycoplasma infection.

Deletion of Enhances Bacterial Pathogenicity on Tomato by Affecting Biofilm Formation, Exopolysaccharides Production, and Exoenzyme Activities in .

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are considered essential for bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis and cell wall assembly. is a representative Gram-positive bacterial species that causes bacterial canker in tomato. plays a significant role in maintaining cell morphological characteristics and stress responses in .

Transcriptional profiling of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in viable but nonculturable state.

Background: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is an important seed-borne plant pathogenic bacteria that can cause a serious threat to cruciferous crops. Bacteria can enter into the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state under stress conditions, and cause potential risks to agricultural production because the VBNC bacterial cells will evade culture-based detection.

Deep learning of cross-species single-cell landscapes identifies conserved regulatory programs underlying cell types.

Despite extensive efforts to generate and analyze reference genomes, genetic models to predict gene regulation and cell fate decisions are lacking for most species. Here, we generated whole-body single-cell transcriptomic landscapes of zebrafish, Drosophila and earthworm. We then integrated cell landscapes from eight representative metazoan species to study gene regulation across evolution.

Tumor-associated macrophages are shaped by intratumoral high potassium via Kir2.1.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique niche governed by constant crosstalk within and across all intratumoral cellular compartments. In particular, intratumoral high potassium (K) has shown immune-suppressive potency on T cells. However, as a pan-cancer characteristic associated with local necrosis, the impact of this ionic disturbance on innate immunity is unknown.

Construction of a cross-species cell landscape at single-cell level.

Individual cells are basic units of life. Despite extensive efforts to characterize the cellular heterogeneity of different organisms, cross-species comparisons of landscape dynamics have not been achieved. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map organism-level cell landscapes at multiple life stages for mice, zebrafish and Drosophila.