Three new cyclopeptides from the Lycii cortex.

Ten cyclopeptides were isolated from the 70 % ethanol extract of Lycii Cortex and identified by physical and chemical properties and various spectroscopic methods. They were named as lyciumin E (1), lyciumin G (2), lyciumin F (3), lyciumin B methyl ester (4), lyciumin A methyl ester (5), lyciumin C methyl ester (6), lyciumin A (7), lyciumin B (8), lyciumin C (9) and lyciumin D (10). Among them, compounds 1-3 were new cyclopeptides, compound 4 was a new natural product, and compounds 5 and 6 were first isolated from this plant.

Regulating community redox metabolism for systematic mitigation of antibiotic chemical and biological risks.

The evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during antibiotic biological treatment is an unavoidable focus. However, little is known about how to regulate the systematic mitigation pathways for antibiotic chemical and biological risks. Here, we explore micro-aeration coupled with electrostimulation to regulate community redox metabolism, ultimately enhancing both the biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and the mitigation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Patient-reported outcome tools of acupuncture clinical trials in mainland China: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Objective: Nowadays, the number of acupuncture clinical trials is dramatically increasing. In acupuncture clinical research, patient-reported outcome measurements are important evaluation tools, but there is a lack of systematic survey. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics and application of PRO measurements in acupuncture clinical trials in mainland China, further exploring and developing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) that are in line with the characteristics of acupuncture treatment.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oriental chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus).

Dryocosmus kuriphilus, commonly known as the chestnut gall wasp, belongs to the family Cynipidae and is native to China. It is a highly invasive insect species causing serious damage to chestnut trees and has rapidly spread to various continents, including Europe, North America, and Oceania. The D.

A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr.

Tinospora sinensis (T. sinensis), whose Tibetan name is "Lezhe", as a traditional medicine, is widely distributed in China, India and Sri Lanka. It is used for the treatment of rheumatic arthralgia, sciatica, lumbar muscle strain and bruises.

[Analysis of metabolites in simulated gastric fluid of Saposhnikoviae Radix polysaccharides].

To fully understand whether Saposhnikoviae Radix polysaccharides(SP) can be metabolized in gastric fluid and the meta-bolic behavior, this study systematically analyzed the metabolites in simulated gastric fluid of SP by high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-IT-TOF-MS) technology in combination with zebrafish immune activity evaluation. Based on the obtained accurate relative molecular mass, chromatographic retention behavior, MS fragmentation patterns, refe-rence standards, and relevant literature reports, 19 metabolites were analyzed and identified. Among them, five monosaccharides and 14 oligosaccharides were generated as metabolites.

The complete mitochondrial genome and gene rearrangements in a gall wasp species, (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Cynipidae).

Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been widely used in comparative and evolutionary genomics, molecular evolution, phylogenetics, and population genetics, but very limited information is available for the family Cynipidae. In this report, we describe the mitogenome of Pang, Su et Zhu, providing the first complete mitogenomic data for a cynipid gall wasp species. The mitogenome of is 16,819 bp in length, and contains the typical set of 37 genes.

Four new diastereoisomeric neolignan glycosides from the root bark of Lycium chinense Miller. and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Four new diastereoisomeric neolignan glycosides (1-4) along with nine known lignan glycosides (5-13) were isolated from the root bark of Lycium chinense Mill. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopy, ECD, Mo(OAc)-induced ECD spectra, enzymatic hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Pangenomic analysis of provides insight into the evolution of host adaptation and cytoplasmic incompatibility factor genes.

Introduction: The genus provides a typical example of intracellular bacteria that infect the germline of arthropods and filarial nematodes worldwide. Their importance as biological regulators of invertebrates, so it is particularly important to study the evolution, divergence and host adaptation of these bacteria at the genome-wide level.

Methods: Here, we used publicly available genomes to reconstruct their evolutionary history and explore their adaptation under host selection.

A new species of Hartig, 1840 (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from China, with references to DNA taxonomy and infection.

In the present paper, a new species of cynipid gall wasp, Liu & Pang, is described from several provinces in southern China. The new species is closely related to the recently redescribed (Kieffer, 1906). In addition to differences in adult and gall morphology, the new species is also readily separated by COI sequences, with a 6.

[Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from hook-bearing branches of Uncaria sessilifructus].

The present study investigated the chemical constituents from Uncaria sessilifructus and their neuroprotective activities. The compounds were separated and purified from the 90% ethanol extract of U. sessilifructus by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC.

High Levels of Multiple Phage WO Infections and Its Evolutionary Dynamics Associated With -Infected Butterflies.

is a maternally inherited bacterium that is widely distributed among arthropods, in which it manipulates the reproduction of its hosts. Phage WO is the only bacteriophage known to infect , and may provide benefit to its host or arthropods. We screened for the presence of phage WO in -infected butterfly species for the first time, to investigate their diversity and evolutionary dynamics.

Design and Testing of Effective Primers for Amplification of the Gene of Phage WO Associated with .

Phage WO was first characterized in , an obligate intracellular Rickettsiales known for its ability to regulate the reproduction of arthropod hosts. In this paper, we focus on the study of virus diversity in and the development of highly effective primers. Based on the existing genome sequence, we designed primers (WO-TF and WO-TR) to amplify the full-length gene of phage WO.

A Case of Intragenic Recombination Dramatically Impacting the Phage WO Genetic Diversity in Gall Wasps.

The phage WO was characterized in , a strictly intracellular bacterium causing several reproductive alterations in its arthropod hosts. This study aimed to screen the presence of and phage WO in 15 gall wasp species from six provinces of southern China to investigate their diversity and prevalence patterns. A high incidence of infection was determined in the gall wasp species, with an infection rate of 86.

A new species of Foerster, 1869 from China and review of the tribe Diastrophini (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipidae).

A new species of cynipid gall wasps, Pang, Liu & Zhu, , is herein described from Hunan, China in the tribe Diastrophini (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Cynipidae). The phylogenetic relationship between and all the other Diastrophini genera, except the recently described Pujade-Villar et al., 2019, was analyzed using a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene and a fragment of the nuclear 28S gene.

[Efficiency and Microecology of a Soil Infiltration System with High Hydraulic Loading for the Treatment of Swine Wastewater].

The swine wastewater after treated with an anaerobic reactor was used to investigate the removal efficiency of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen in an ecological high hydraulic loading soil infiltration system. Meanwhile, the microbial community structure and the contents of the catalase, urease, and nitrate reductase were analyzed. The results showed that with the hydraulic load of 11 cm·d and the influent COD concentration of 700 mg·L, the removal rate of COD was 78.

Discovery of a new species of Dryocosmus Giraud, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) on Castanopsis tibetana from China.

A new gall wasp species, Dryocosmus liui Pang, Su et Zhu n. sp., is described from Hunan Province, China.

[Efficiency of Aerobic Co-composting of Urban Sludge and Chinese Medicinal Herbal Residues].

With Chinese medicinal herbal residues and municipal sludge as raw materials for co-composting experiment, the effect of the material ratio and addition time of Chinese medicinal herbal residues on the composting efficiency were investigated, including the change of the temperature, organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, and activity of protease. The best composting conditions were determined based on the results. The experimental results showed that the temperature of the pile was raised in the presence of 60 g Chinese medicinal herbal residues as carbon source and 300 g municipal sludge, the ammonia volatilization was reduced and the activity of protease was improved.

New gall wasp species attacking chestnut trees: Dryocosmus zhuili n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on Castanea henryi from southeastern China.

A new gall wasp species, Dryocosmus zhuili Liu et Zhu, is herein described from the southeastern Fujian province of China. The new species induces galls on trees of Henry's chestnut, Castanea henryi, which is also a native host for the notorious Oriental chestnut gall wasp (OCGW, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu). D.

[Preparation bimetallic heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst as sepiolite supported and its surface chemical characterization].

The reactive brilliant blue was chosen as the probe pollutant. Fe(NO3)3 concentration, MnSO4 concentration, urea concentration, water bath temperature, calcined temperature and time were as influencing factors, the process parameters of homogeneous precipitation method was optimized for the preparation of bimetallic heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst as modified sepiolite supported. At the same time, surface chemical characteristics of catalyst were analyzed by SEM, FTIR and XRD.

High levels of multiple infections, recombination and horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in the Andricus mukaigawae (Hymenoptera; Cynipidae) communities.

Wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria of arthropods and nematodes. In arthropods, they manipulate the reproduction of their hosts to facilitate their own spread in host populations, causing cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis induction, feminization of genetic males and male-killing. In this study, we investigated Wolbachia infection and studied wsp (Wolbachia surface protein) sequences in three wasp species associated with the unisexual galls of A.

[Biodegradation characteristics of organic pollutants contained in tannery wastewater].

In the batch experiments inoculated with activated sludge from tannery wastewater treatment plant, biodegradation characteristics and kinetics of three tanning agents, naphthalene-2-sulfonic sodium, tannic acid and bayberry tannin, were studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. And the aerobic/anaerobic biodegradation laws of real tannery wastewater with respect to COD change were also investigated using the same batch experiments. The results showed aerobic degradation was superior to anaerobic degradation for tanning agent removal and mineralization.