Persistent progression independent of relapse activity in multiple sclerosis.

Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) may experience disability progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), which can be an early sign of secondary progressive MS (SPMS). We defined persistent PIRA as ongoing sustained disability over the entire available follow-up period. However, PIRA events can regress over time.

Engineering Donor-Acceptor Arrangement in Perylene Diimide-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Photocatalysis.

The photocatalytic efficiency of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) is governed by the spatial arrangement of donor-acceptor (D-A) moieties, which strongly influences exciton transport. However, precise control over D-A alignment, especially across intra- and interlayer dimensions, remains a key challenge for optimizing singlet oxygen (O) generation. Here, we present a linker geometry-directed approach to modulate D-A organization within perylene diimide (PDI)-based COFs.

Development and mechanistic insights of a photocatalytic-algae-bacteria degradation coupling system for treating toxic coking wastewater.

Coking wastewater, characterized by high biological toxicity, poses significant challenges for traditional biological treatment methods. This study developed a novel in-situ immobilized photocatalytic-algae-bacteria consortia (P-ABC) system using a polyether polyurethane sponge as a carrier, aiming to enhance biological treatment efficiency for actual coking wastewater. Results showed a 16.

Prophylactic pulmonary vein isolation in patients with typical atrial flutter and heart failure.

Background: Heart failure (HF) readmission rates remain a concern in patients with typical atrial flutter (AFL) and HF, even after cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether additional prophylactic circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) could improve hard outcomes among patients with AFL and HF.

Methods: In this prospective, nonrandomized, controlled study, patients with AFL and HF were consecutively enrolled from 9 centers.

Correction: Teaching strategies for promoting female college students' physical activity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.

Mitochondrial protection role of oxidoreductase-like domain containing 1 in myocardial cells under hypoxia.

JOURNAL/mgres/04.03/01612956-202606000-00006/figure1/v/2025-08-18T154854Z/r/image-tiff Although mitochondria and related proteins are essential for mitochondrial preservation, the functions of some of these proteins remain unknown. The novel protein oxidoreductase-like domain containing 1 (OXLD1/C17orf90, UniProtKB Q5BKU9) have attracted our attention because of its correlation with mitochondria.

Transition and Regulation of MicroRNA Let-7a Conformation at the Membrane Interface by Different Ionic Solutions.

The Lethal 7 (Let-7) miRNA family is attracting more and more attention in recent decades due to its capability in post-transcriptional regulation and the modulation of various physiological and pathological processes. Yet, the underlying mechanism that controls the conformation and biofunctions of Let-7 molecules during their translocation in and out of the cell membrane is still elusive. In the present study, the sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS), a second-order nonlinear spectroscopic technique, was applied to examine the interfacial behavior of Let-7a at the lipid membrane interface.

Correlation between radiomic features of Crohn's disease and secondary loss of response to infliximab.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease, with chronic and progressive characteristics. Infliximab (IFX) can rapidly relieve CD-related symptoms and promote mucosal healing. However, some patients may occur secondary loss of response (SLOR) during the maintenance treatment, leading to the recurrence or progression of CD.

Saccadic eye movements in neurological disease: cognitive mechanisms and clinical applications.

Saccadic eye movements are rapid, precisely coordinated shifts that centre the fovea on a visual target. Their control relies on the integration of cognitive processes spanning multiple brain regions. High-resolution video-oculography enables precise measurement of saccadic dynamics, offering a window into disruptions affecting these networks.

Semi-Covalent Interaction-Induced Electron Transfer in Single-Atom Alloy Catalysts Enhance Singlet Oxygen Generation for Efficient Pollutant Removal.

Selectively producing singlet oxygen (O) through peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation holds significant promise for sustainable water pollution control. Single-atom alloy catalysts (SAACs) possess unique active sites and electronic structures, demonstrating strong potential to enhance O generation. However, the effect of single atom metal insertion on the electronic structures of SAACs and their catalytic performance of activated PMS remains unclear.

Teaching strategies for promoting female college students' physical activity.

Background: Although physical activity (PA) levels among female students have improved in primary and secondary education, female undergraduates consistently show lower PA levels compared to males and younger female students. Previous studies suggest that gender stereotypes and socially constructed traits significantly impact females' choices and engagement in sports. This study examines how gender roles and sports type choices influence PA levels and physical exercise involvement among female undergraduates.

Peptide-based strategies for glioblastoma therapy: From small molecular drugs to delivery vehicles.

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most invasive and treatment-resistant brain tumors. Efficient GBM treatment represents a significant challenge in clinical oncology, thereby underscoring the demand on novel therapeutic strategies. Peptide-based therapeutics have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional drugs, due to their precise targeting capabilities, broad bioactivities, and the prospective to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Closed-loop chromium recovery from tannery wastewater: Mechanism of multiphase Cr(III) electrode position under low-concentration sulfate and chloride coordination.

Chromium recovery is pivotal for sustainable resource utilization, yet conventional approaches remain plagued by inefficiency and hazardous chromium sludge generation. While Cr(III) electrodeposition offers a promising alternative, its practical implementation under low-concentration conditions is fundamentally constrained by two underexplored barriers: anion-specific coordination effects and multiphase competitive inhibition. Here, we systematically decode the electrodeposition landscape by revealing critical phase disparity between sulfate and chloride systems.

Strain-Induced Robust Skyrmion Lattice at Room Temperature in van der Waals Ferromagnet.

Manipulating topological magnetic orders of 2D magnets by strain, once achieved, offers enormous potential for future low-power flexible spintronic applications. In this work, by placing FeGaTe (FGaT), a room-temperature 2D ferromagnet, on flexible substrate, a field-free and robust formation of skyrmion lattice induced by strain is demonstrated. By applying a minimal strain of ≈0.

Unusual charge density wave introduced by the Janus structure in monolayer vanadium dichalcogenides.

As a fundamental structural feature, the symmetry of materials determines the exotic quantum properties in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with charge density waves (CDWs). The Janus structure, an artificially constructed lattice, provides an opportunity to tune the electronic structures and their associated behavior, such as CDW states. However, limited by the difficulties in atomic-level fabrication and material stability, the experimental visualization of the CDW states in two-dimensional (2D) TMDs with Janus structure is still rare.

Fluorescence and photothermal dual-modal image guided integrated diagnosis and treatment.

The early diagnosis and real-time monitoring of cancer are great significance for the establishment of integrated diagnosis and treatment systems. In this study, organic molecules as an all-in-one phototheranostic named FL-DPP nanoparticles was developed for monitoring the location and size of tumour and for achieving photo and gene synergistic therapy. The photothermal conversion efficiency (η) of FL-DPP nanoparticles reached 29.

Regeneration of natural mineral: Coupling preferred crystal orientation with multifunctional coatings stimulates remarkably fast lithium storage.

Pursuing remarkable fast-charging performance for next-generation batteries, SbS is regarded as one of the most promising candidates due to the high theoretical specific capacity and abundant natural reserve. Nevertheless, intrinsic crystal anisotropy and low electronic conductivity lead to an unsatisfactory charge transfer ability of SbS. In this work, the shuttle-like SbS with citric acid-derived carbon coating (SS@CA) composites are fabricated successfully via thermal-chemical treatment approach.

Coherently confined single-metal-atom chains in 2D semiconductors.

Single-metal-atom chains (SMACs) possess a variety of unique properties and functionalities but suffer from ambient vulnerability due to their delicate one-atom-width structures. While some SMACs can be effectively stabilized by nanochannel confining, it remains a pressing challenge to experimentally realize more versatile atomic chains with sufficient stability and extended length. Here, we propose a computational protocol to identify transition metals capable of forming SMACs along mirror twin boundaries in two-dimensional metal dichalcogenides.

YOLO-BCD: A Lightweight Multi-Module Fusion Network for Real-Time Sheep Pose Estimation.

The real-time monitoring of animal postures through computer vision techniques has become essential for modern precision livestock management. To overcome the limitations of current behavioral analysis systems in balancing computational efficiency and detection accuracy, this study develops an optimized deep learning framework named YOLOv8-BCD specifically designed for ovine posture recognition. The proposed architecture employs a multi-level lightweight design incorporating enhanced feature fusion mechanisms and spatial-channel attention modules, effectively improving detection performance in complex farm environments with occlusions and variable lighting.

Investigation of Body Fluids Intervention Impact on Aptamer Screening via Capillary Electrophoresis.

Aptamers have presented considerable potential for disease diagnoses but still face a great challenge from the discrepancy between their screening conditions and real application in body fluid matrices (BFMs). In this study, we investigated the impact of BFM intervention on aptamer screening based on CE efficient separation and introduced adaptive screening strategies directly under the BFM background. Five BFMs, including serum, tears, artificial cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and embryonic fluid, demonstrated the potential differentiating effects on aptamer screening based on the characterization of their "fingerprint-like profile" and their interactions with ssDNA libraries.

Sex-specific association between atherogenic index of plasma and risk of newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm: a large population-based cohort study.

Objectives: Atherosclerosis of aortic wall has been suggested as a key pathological feature of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We conducted a first-ever prospective cohort study aiming at assessing the sex-specific association between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and risk of newly diagnosed AAA.

Methods: This study included 193,013 male and 226,785 female participants from the UK Biobank.

Chemical Vapor Deposition of "Stand-On" 2D Single-Crystal Flakes.

Two-dimensional (2D) superconductors are highly valued for their reduced dimensionality and unique quantum properties. However, their susceptibility to oxidation and degradation, particularly during wet transfer processes, often leads to undesirable deterioration of their electrical properties. In this work, we present an innovative and facile synthesis strategy for producing ultrathin "stand-on" superconducting FeTeSe nanosheets, enabling a highly efficient and damage-free transfer process.

Mortise-tenon-shaped memristors for scientific computing.

In-memory computing hardware based on memristors has emerged as a promising option for scientific computing due to its large-scale parallel data processing capability. However, the nonuniformity issue of the memristors renders the practical deployment of in-memory computing hardware complex, requiring peripheral circuits to ensure the accuracy of scientific computing, thereby resulting in increased power consumption. Here, we present a mortise-tenon-shaped (MTS) memristor with ultrahigh uniformity by introducing a mortise-shaped h-BN flake on the HfO switching layer.

Intelligent self-correcting growth of uniform Bernal-stacked bi-/trilayer graphene.

State-of-the-art synthesis strategies of two-dimensional (2D) materials have been designed following the nucleation-dominant pattern for structure control. However, this classical methodology fails to achieve the precise layer- and stacking-resolved growth of wafer-scale few-layer 2D materials due to its intrinsically low energy resolution. Here, we present an intelligent self-correcting method for the high-resolution growth of uniform few-layer graphene.