Intranasal Esketamine Premedication Reduces Sevoflurane Requirements During Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study evaluated whether intranasal esketamine premedication reduces sevoflurane requirements for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in young children.

Patients And Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 90 children (2-5 years) undergoing elective strabismus surgery. Participants received intranasal premedication with either saline (control), esketamine 0.

Mediating role of inflammatory markers in the relationship between cotinine levels and total bone mineral density.

Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between smoking and total BMD and examines the mediating role of inflammatory markers in this relationship.

Method: In total, 22,022 participants were included in this study, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the periods 2001-2006 and 2011-2018. Weighted linear regression models and restricted cubic splines(RCS) were leveraged to examine the linear or nonlinear relationship between serum cotinine levels and total BMD.

Phase III Study of Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection for Ground Glass Opacity-Dominant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection (LND) or sampling is currently recommended for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. We aimed to investigate whether no mediastinal LND was noninferior to systematic LND in patients with ground glass opacity (GGO)-dominant invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase III, noninferiority randomized controlled trial comparing systematic mediastinal LND versus no mediastinal LND in patients with GGO-dominant invasive lung adenocarcinoma, who were predicted to have no lymph node metastasis on the basis of criteria established in our previous trial.

Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol Alone versus Ciprofol with Fentanyl for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

Background: Ciprofol is increasingly used in surgical procedures, and anesthesiologists have observed that it provides deeper sedation compared to propofol. However, it remains unclear whether the use of ciprofol alone, without combining opioids, is sufficient for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study aims to address this question.

Experimental Observation of Parity-Symmetry-Protected Phenomena in the Quantum Rabi Model with a Trapped Ion.

Symmetry is crucial for gaining insights into the fundamental properties of physical systems, bringing possibilities in studying exotic phenomena such as quantum phase transitions and ground-state entanglement. Here, we experimentally simulate a highly controllable extended quantum Rabi model, capable of tuning into the ultrastrong or deep coupling regime, in a spin-motion-coupled trapped ion. We observe that the phonon driven by such a model with Z_{2} symmetry preserved (broken) would experience double (single) excitation in the ultrastrong coupling regime.

The Median Effective Dose of Ciprofol Combined with Sufentanil for Inhibiting Responses to Gastroscope Insertion in Obese Patients: A Prospective, Single-Center Study.

Background: Ciprofol, a recently developed intravenous anesthetic, whereas sufentanil is a widely used adjuvant for gastroenteroscopy sedation. The recommended dosage of ciprofol for obese patients remains unclear. Our study aimed to determine the median effective dose (ED) of ciprofol in combination with sufentanil for obese patients undergoing gastroscopy sedation.

Therapeutic Hypothermia Increases the Expression of RNA-binding Protein Motif 3 and Attenuates Cognitive Deficits Following Cardiac Arrest in Rats.

Cardiac arrest (CA) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cognitive deficits are common neurological sequelae among CA survivors. Preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed that therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is an effective intervention for mitigating brain injury following CA.

Insights into the enhanced electrochemical performance and energy storage mechanism of a manganese vanadate cathode for rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries.

An N-doped reduced graphene oxide sheet wrapped MnVO nanrod composite was designed and prepared by a co-precipitation reaction and subsequent calcination method, which delivered stable reversible capacity, low charge transfer resistance and high diffusion coefficients during the Zn insertion and extraction processes.

Soft sensor modeling using deep learning with maximum relevance and minimum redundancy for quality prediction of industrial processes.

Deep learning techniques such as autoencoder (AE) and stacked autoencoders (SAE) have gained growing popularity in soft sensor applications. However, they often encounter several disadvantages, such as poor correlations between the extracted hidden features and the quality variable, inevitable information loss resulting from the layer-wise feature extraction, and information redundancy between the hidden features. Thus, a maximal relevance and minimal redundancy-based representation learning (MRMRRL) is proposed for quality prediction of industrial processes.

Intertransverse process block versus subcostal transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has been reported to be associated with substantial trauma and pain. This study compared the impact of ultrasound-(US)-guided, bilateral, double-injection intertransverse process block (ITPB) on postoperative analgesia with subcostal transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) in patients who were undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.

Methods: Sixty-two patients who were undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy surgery under general anesthesia were included.

Effects of head direction during prone position on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Prone positioning with head rotation can influence cerebral haemodynamics, potentially affecting cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. Elderly patients with impaired brain perfusion and oxygenation are at an increased risk of developing postoperative delirium (POD). Despite this, few studies have explored whether head orientation during prone positioning contributes to POD in older adults, an aspect often overlooked by clinicians.

Comparing Cognitive Recovery of Remimazolam versus Propofol in Elderly Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Remimazolam, a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, shows promise for procedural sedation. This study compared the cognitive recovery of remimazolam versus propofol in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 228 patients aged ≥ 65 years undergoing outpatient colonoscopies were recruited.

Prediction of Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) By Intraoperative Frozen Section for Patients with cT1N0M0 Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multi-Center Observational Study (ECTOP-1016).

Objective: To investigate the value of intraoperative assessment of spread through air spaces (STAS) on frozen sections (FS) in peripheral small-sized lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Surgical decision-making based on FS diagnosis of STAS may be useful to prevent local control failure after sublobar resection.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study of consecutive patients with cT1N0M0 invasive lung adenocarcinoma to evaluate the accuracy of FS for the intraoperative detection of STAS.

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) sensing: A focus on representatively sampling soil vadose zones linked to nano-sensors.

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of organo-fluorine compounds that have been broadly used in consumer and industrial products spanning virtually all sectors. They can be found as surfactants, coatings and liners, polymer additives, fire retardants, adhesives, and many more. The chemical stability of the carbon fluorine bond and amphiphilic nature of PFAS result in their persistence and mobility in the environment via soil porewater, surface water and groundwater, with potential for adverse effects on the environment and human health.

WTAP and METTL14 regulate the m6A modification of DKK3 in renal tubular epithelial cells of diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important cause of death in diabetes patients, which is mainly due to its complex pathogenesis. Here, we explored the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in DN development. Renal tubular epithelial cells from DN patients and experimental DN mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ) exhibited a considerable increase in METTL14 and WTAP expression as well as overall m6A methylation.

Opioid-free anesthesia with esketamine-dexmedetomidine versus opioid-based anesthesia with propofol-remifentanil in shoulder arthroscopy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: OFA (Opioid-free anesthesia) has the potential to reduce the occurrence of opioid-related adverse events and enhance postoperative recovery. Our research aimed to investigate whether OFA, combining esketamine and dexmedetomidine, could serve as an alternative protocol to traditional OBA (opioid-based anesthesia) in shoulder arthroscopy, particularly in terms of reducing PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting).

Methods: A total of 60 patients treated with shoulder arthroscopy from September 2021 to September 2022 were recruited.

Systemic lidocaine versus erector spinae plane block for improving quality of recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To compare intravenous lidocaine, ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB), and placebo on the quality of recovery and analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Design: A prospective, triple-arm, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial.

Setting: A single tertiary academic medical center.

Typical and extreme weather datasets for studying the resilience of buildings to climate change and heatwaves.

We present unprecedented datasets of current and future projected weather files for building simulations in 15 major cities distributed across 10 climate zones worldwide. The datasets include ambient air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, direct and diffuse solar irradiance, and wind speed at hourly resolution, which are essential climate elements needed to undertake building simulations. The datasets contain typical and extreme weather years in the EnergyPlus weather file (EPW) format and multiyear projections in comma-separated value (CSV) format for three periods: historical (2001-2020), future mid-term (2041-2060), and future long-term (2081-2100).