Biotechnological Potential of a Novel Strain of Fusarium proliferatum, a Terrestrial Fungus Adapted to Marine Environment.

Marine habitats represent hostile environments for the majority of microorganisms. Nonetheless, in the last decades, the study of the microbial diversity of the halophylic environments has reported that fungi constitute a quantitatively relevant component. The research reports the isolation of a novel strain of Fusarium proliferatum from seawater, within a monitoring campaign conducted in the South Calabrian coasts (Regione Calabria, Italy): the microorganism presumably adapted from a terrestrial to a marine niche, potentially changing its metabolism in response to the environmental stress.

Metabolite Screening From Pinus pinea Needles Reveals (+)-Isocupressic Acid as a Key Phytotoxin for Weed Management.

Introduction: Weeds are a major threat to crop productivity, competing for essential resources and often developing resistance to herbicides, which underscores the need for novel, sustainable control strategies. The valorization of agricultural and forestry underutilized byproducts, such as plant needles, presents a promising opportunity for developing eco-friendly bioherbicides based on allelopathy.

Objectives: This study investigates the phytotoxicity of Pinus pinea needle extracts and metabolites to evaluate their potential for controlling dicotyledonous weeds.

Toxicity Assessment of (4)-Lachnophyllum and (4,8)-Matricaria Lactones: Implications for Environmental Safety of Bioherbicides.

(4,8)-Matricaria lactone (MAT) and (4)-lachnophyllum lactone (LAC) are natural acetylenic furanones with bioherbicidal potential. This study evaluates their possibilities and ecotoxicological impact on aquatic (, , and ) and terrestrial (, ) model organisms. MAT exhibited rapid degradation, with 90% decomposition within 24 h and over 98% by day 16, while LAC was more stable, degrading by only 8.

Bioactive Potential and Chemical Composition of L. Leaf Extracts Collected in Algeria: A Combined In Vitro and In Silico Approach.

L., a medicinal plant widespread in the Middle East and Europe, is traditionally used to treat various disorders. In this study, extracts from its leaves, collected in Algeria, were evaluated for their antioxidant, enzymatic, and antibacterial activities through in vitro and in silico studies.

Polydatin-Induced Shift of Redox Balance and Its Anti-Cancer Impact on Human Osteosarcoma Cells.

Cancer cells demonstrate remarkable resilience by adapting to oxidative stress and undergoing metabolic reprogramming, making oxidative stress a critical target for cancer therapy. This study explores, for the first time, the redox-dependent anticancer effects of Polydatin (PD), a glucoside derivative of resveratrol, on the human Osteosarcoma (OS) cells SAOS-2 and U2OS. Using cell-based biochemical assays, we found that cytotoxic doses of PD (100-200 µM) promote ROS production, deplete glutathione (GSH), and elevate levels of both total iron and intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), which are key markers of ferroptosis.

In Vitro and In Silico Biological Activities Investigation of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Schott Leaves Collected in Algeria.

This investigation aimed to assess the in vitro and in silico biological properties of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract obtained from leaves of Schott collected in Algeria. The phytochemical screening data disclosed that flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, saponins, and anthocyanins were abundant. High levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids and flavonols (523.

An Algerian Soil-Living Strain as Source of Antifungal Compounds for the Management of the Pea Pathogen f. sp. .

Fusarium wilt caused by f. sp. () poses significant threats to pea cultivation worldwide.

First Investigation of Secondary Metabolites from Reveals Compounds with Inhibitive Effects against Three Phytopathogenic Fungi of Agrarian Crops.

Fungal secondary metabolites play a highly significant role in crop protection, which is related to their antifungal activity against agriculturally important phytopathogens. In fact, plant diseases caused by fungi including species belonging to the genera of , , and have become increasingly serious affecting crop yield and quality. Hence, there is increasing awareness by the scientific community of the importance of exploiting fungal products for finding new compounds able to inhibit phytopathogens.

Health-Promoting Properties of Natural Flavonol Glycosides Isolated from L.

, also called bladdernuts, is a genus of plants belonging to the family Staphyleaceae, widespread in tropical or temperate climates of America, Europe, and the Far East. spp. produce bioactive metabolites with antioxidant properties, including polyphenols which have not been completely investigated for their phytotherapeutic potential, even though they have a long history of use for food.

Ecotoxicological assessment of cyclic peptides produced by a Planktothrix rubescens bloom: Impact on aquatic model organisms.

Cyanobacterial blooms, a natural phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems, have increased in frequency and severity due to climate change and eutrophication. Some cyanobacteria are able to produce harmful substances called cyanotoxins. These metabolites possess different chemical structures and action mechanisms representing a serious concern for human health and the environment.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of specialized metabolites isolated from .

The discovery of plant-derived compounds that are able to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens is an urgent demand. Over years, attracted considerable attention because of its beneficial medical properties. Phytochemical analyses revealed that plant species contain several metabolites, such as sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, and lignans.

(4)-Lachnophyllum Lactone, a Metabolite with Phytotoxic and Antifungal Activity against Pests Affecting Mediterranean Agriculture: A New Versatile and Easy Scalable Parallel Synthesis.

A methodology for the total and modulable synthesis of (4)-lachnophyllum lactone (), on a gram scale, is reported for the first time. The present work started with the design of a retrosynthetic pathway for the target compound, with the key step identified in Pd-Cu bimetallic cascade cross-coupling cyclization. (4)-Lachnophyllum lactone () is an acetylenic furanone previously isolated, in a low amount, from the organic extract of the autotrophic weed.

Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from L. subsp. Inhibit the Radicle Growth of Broomrape Weeds.

The plant L. subsp has been investigated as a potential source of inhibitors of broomrape radicle growth. The latter are weeds that pose a threat to agriculture and for which there are few methods available for the control of infestations.

Comparative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites Produced by under In Vitro Conditions and Their Phytotoxicity on the Primary Host, , and Related Legume Crops.

Ascochyta blight, caused by , poses a significant threat to faba bean and other legumes worldwide. Necrotic lesions on stems, leaves, and pods characterize the disease. Given the economic impact of this pathogen and the potential involvement of secondary metabolites in symptom development, a study was conducted to investigate the fungus's ability to produce bioactive metabolites that might contribute to its pathogenicity.

Comparative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in Strains with Different Virulence Degrees Associated with Canker and Dieback of spp.

is one of the most aggressive fungal pathogens of species involved in the decline of Mediterranean oak forests. In this study, three strains of associated with holm () and cork () oak trees exhibiting dieback symptoms and cankers in Algeria were selected to investigate the production of secondary metabolites. Metabolomic analyses revealed the production of several known compounds, such as sphaeropsidins, diplopyrones and diplofuranones.

Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma.

Phytoestrogens are plant-derived bioactive compounds with estrogen-like properties. Their potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention and treatment, have been a subject of considerable research in the past decade. Phytoestrogens exert their effects, at least in part, through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs), mimicking or inhibiting the actions of natural estrogens.

Isolated from Infected Pears () in Italy Produces Non-Host Toxins and Hydrolytic Enzymes as Infection Mechanisms and Exhibits Competitive Exclusion against in Co-Infected Host Fruits.

is one of the most devastating phytopathogenic fungi. This microorganism causes black spots in many fruits and vegetables worldwide, generating significant post-harvest losses. In this study, an strain, isolated from infected pears () harvested in Italy, was characterized by focusing on its pathogenicity mechanisms and competitive exclusion in the presence of another pathogen, .

Production of (10,11)-(-)--Pyriculol and Its HPLC Quantification in Liquid Cultures of , a Potential Mycoherbicide for the Control of Buffelgrass ().

(10,11)-(-)--pyriculol is a phytotoxic metabolite produced by , a fungus identified as a foliar pathogen on the invasive weed species buffelgrass () in North America. The effective control of buffelgrass has not yet been achieved, and there is a need to develop effective and green solutions. Herbicides based on natural products and the use of phytopathogenic organisms could provide the most suitable tools for the control of weeds such as buffelgrass.

Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Study of -Cinnamic Acid and Derivatives on the Parasitic Weed .

Yunck. is a parasitic weed responsible for severe yield losses in crops worldwide. The selective control of this weed is scarce due to the difficult application of methods that kill the parasite without negatively affecting the infected crop.

as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Compounds to Fight Multidrug Resistance Phenotype.

Plants are considered a wealthy resource of novel natural drugs effective in the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. Here, a bioguided purification of extracts was performed to identify bioactive compounds. The determination of antimicrobial properties was achieved by broth microdilution assays to evaluate minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and by crystal violet staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses (CLSM) to investigate the antibiofilm capacity of the isolated compounds.

Identification of Structural Features of Hydrocinnamic Acid Related to Its Allelopathic Activity against the Parasitic Weed .

is a parasitic weed species that inflicts worldwide noxious effects in many broadleaf crops due to its capacity to withdraw nutrients and water directly from the crop vascular system using haustorial connections. control in the majority of crops affected is non-existent, and thus, research for the development of control methods is needed. Hydrocinnamic acid occurs naturally in the rhizosphere, playing regulatory roles in plant-plant and plant-microbe communities.

Characterization of Allelochemicals against Broomrape Weeds.

The study of allelopathic activity of plants and the isolation and characterization of the responsible allelochemicals can lead to the development of environment friendly alternative approaches to weed control. species are invasive weeds that use allelopathic activity as part of a successful strategy to outcompete neighboring plants. Broomrape weeds are parasitic plants that use host-induced germination and the formation of a haustorium as strategies to infect host plants.

Iridoid Glycosides Isolated from Identified as Inhibitors of Radicle Growth.

is an obligate holoparasitic plant with noxious effects in sunflower crops. is a facultative hemiparasitic plant that infects ruderal plants without noxious significance in agriculture and is known to produce a wide spectrum of bioactive metabolites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effects of on the growth of seedlings.

An Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Four Fungal Metabolites with Potential Application as Biocides for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage.

Biocides based on chemical synthetic compounds have been commonly used to counteract damages caused by microorganisms on stone cultural heritage. However, in the last few years, the use of commercial and traditional biocides has been banned and/or limited due to their dangerous profile for the environment, as well as human and animal health. Natural products could be used as suitable alternatives for cultural heritage purposes, as they have low toxicity and stability compared with synthetic pesticides.