Biotechnological Potential of a Novel Strain of Fusarium proliferatum, a Terrestrial Fungus Adapted to Marine Environment.

Marine habitats represent hostile environments for the majority of microorganisms. Nonetheless, in the last decades, the study of the microbial diversity of the halophylic environments has reported that fungi constitute a quantitatively relevant component. The research reports the isolation of a novel strain of Fusarium proliferatum from seawater, within a monitoring campaign conducted in the South Calabrian coasts (Regione Calabria, Italy): the microorganism presumably adapted from a terrestrial to a marine niche, potentially changing its metabolism in response to the environmental stress.

Oral Cavity Disorders in Reptiles.

Reptilian dentition is diverse, categorized into homodont and heterodont types based on tooth shape and function. Certain reptiles have evolved unique teeth for specific diets, such as iguanas' peg-like teeth for grinding plants and venomous snakes' fangs for injecting venom. The attachment of teeth varies: acrodont and pleurodont teeth are fused to the jaw, while thecodont teeth are embedded in sockets.

Development of septa in the urinary bladder of client-owned rabbits leading to urinary outflow obstruction, urinary retention, and urinary bladder distension.

Objective: To describe a novel condition in rabbits characterized by the development of septa in the urinary bladder leading to partial urinary outflow obstruction.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective case series was designed, including 7 rabbits presented from 2017 to 2023 that met 2 inclusion criteria: (1) underwent histopathology of the urinary bladder, and (2) had clinical evidence of membranes and septa in the urinary bladder through diagnostic imaging and/or necropsy. Clinical signs of urinary outflow obstruction and bladder distension were observed in all cases.

Metabolite Screening From Pinus pinea Needles Reveals (+)-Isocupressic Acid as a Key Phytotoxin for Weed Management.

Introduction: Weeds are a major threat to crop productivity, competing for essential resources and often developing resistance to herbicides, which underscores the need for novel, sustainable control strategies. The valorization of agricultural and forestry underutilized byproducts, such as plant needles, presents a promising opportunity for developing eco-friendly bioherbicides based on allelopathy.

Objectives: This study investigates the phytotoxicity of Pinus pinea needle extracts and metabolites to evaluate their potential for controlling dicotyledonous weeds.

Comprehensive In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oil of L. from Algeria.

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and biological activities of essential oil (EO) from Algeria, focusing on its antimicrobial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties using in vitro and in silico approaches. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified myrtenyl acetate (57.58%), 1,8-cineole (17.

Toxicity Assessment of (4)-Lachnophyllum and (4,8)-Matricaria Lactones: Implications for Environmental Safety of Bioherbicides.

(4,8)-Matricaria lactone (MAT) and (4)-lachnophyllum lactone (LAC) are natural acetylenic furanones with bioherbicidal potential. This study evaluates their possibilities and ecotoxicological impact on aquatic (, , and ) and terrestrial (, ) model organisms. MAT exhibited rapid degradation, with 90% decomposition within 24 h and over 98% by day 16, while LAC was more stable, degrading by only 8.

Bioactive Potential and Chemical Composition of L. Leaf Extracts Collected in Algeria: A Combined In Vitro and In Silico Approach.

L., a medicinal plant widespread in the Middle East and Europe, is traditionally used to treat various disorders. In this study, extracts from its leaves, collected in Algeria, were evaluated for their antioxidant, enzymatic, and antibacterial activities through in vitro and in silico studies.

In Vitro and In Silico Biological Activities Investigation of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Schott Leaves Collected in Algeria.

This investigation aimed to assess the in vitro and in silico biological properties of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract obtained from leaves of Schott collected in Algeria. The phytochemical screening data disclosed that flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, saponins, and anthocyanins were abundant. High levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids and flavonols (523.

An Algerian Soil-Living Strain as Source of Antifungal Compounds for the Management of the Pea Pathogen f. sp. .

Fusarium wilt caused by f. sp. () poses significant threats to pea cultivation worldwide.

Biological Activities and Potential Applications of Phytotoxins.

Specialized metabolites, also known as secondary metabolites, produced by plants and microbes possess several biological activities [...

First Investigation of Secondary Metabolites from Reveals Compounds with Inhibitive Effects against Three Phytopathogenic Fungi of Agrarian Crops.

Fungal secondary metabolites play a highly significant role in crop protection, which is related to their antifungal activity against agriculturally important phytopathogens. In fact, plant diseases caused by fungi including species belonging to the genera of , , and have become increasingly serious affecting crop yield and quality. Hence, there is increasing awareness by the scientific community of the importance of exploiting fungal products for finding new compounds able to inhibit phytopathogens.

Health-Promoting Properties of Natural Flavonol Glycosides Isolated from L.

, also called bladdernuts, is a genus of plants belonging to the family Staphyleaceae, widespread in tropical or temperate climates of America, Europe, and the Far East. spp. produce bioactive metabolites with antioxidant properties, including polyphenols which have not been completely investigated for their phytotherapeutic potential, even though they have a long history of use for food.

Ecotoxicological assessment of cyclic peptides produced by a Planktothrix rubescens bloom: Impact on aquatic model organisms.

Cyanobacterial blooms, a natural phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems, have increased in frequency and severity due to climate change and eutrophication. Some cyanobacteria are able to produce harmful substances called cyanotoxins. These metabolites possess different chemical structures and action mechanisms representing a serious concern for human health and the environment.

Closed and open superconducting microwave waveguide networks as a model for quantum graphs.

We report on high-precision measurements that were performed with superconducting waveguide networks with the geometry of a tetrahedral and a honeycomb graph. They consist of junctions of valency three that connect straight rectangular waveguides of equal width but incommensurable lengths. The experiments were performed in the frequency range of a single transversal mode, where the associated Helmholtz equation is effectively one-dimensional and waveguide networks may serve as models of quantum graphs with the joints and waveguides corresponding to the vertices and bonds.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of specialized metabolites isolated from .

The discovery of plant-derived compounds that are able to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens is an urgent demand. Over years, attracted considerable attention because of its beneficial medical properties. Phytochemical analyses revealed that plant species contain several metabolites, such as sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids, and lignans.

(4)-Lachnophyllum Lactone, a Metabolite with Phytotoxic and Antifungal Activity against Pests Affecting Mediterranean Agriculture: A New Versatile and Easy Scalable Parallel Synthesis.

A methodology for the total and modulable synthesis of (4)-lachnophyllum lactone (), on a gram scale, is reported for the first time. The present work started with the design of a retrosynthetic pathway for the target compound, with the key step identified in Pd-Cu bimetallic cascade cross-coupling cyclization. (4)-Lachnophyllum lactone () is an acetylenic furanone previously isolated, in a low amount, from the organic extract of the autotrophic weed.

Screening of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Associated with the Invasive Weed Reveals Two New Structurally Related Compounds.

In the search for new alternative biocontrol strategies, phytopathogenic fungi could represent a new frontier for weed management. In this respect, as part of our ongoing work aiming at using fungal pathogens as an alternative to common herbicides, the foliar pathogen has been evaluated to control buffelgrass (). In particular, in this work, the isolation and structural elucidation of two new biosynthetically related metabolites, named nigrosphaeritriol (3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpentane-1,4-diol) and nigrosphaerilactol (3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol), from the phytotoxic culture filtrate extract were described, along with the identification of several known metabolites.

Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from L. subsp. Inhibit the Radicle Growth of Broomrape Weeds.

The plant L. subsp has been investigated as a potential source of inhibitors of broomrape radicle growth. The latter are weeds that pose a threat to agriculture and for which there are few methods available for the control of infestations.

Bioprospection of Phytotoxic Plant-Derived Eudesmanolides and Guaianolides for the Control of , , and Weeds.

The phytotoxicities of a selection of eudesmanolides and guaianolides, including natural products and new derivatives obtained by semisynthesis from plant-isolated sesquiterpene lactones, were evaluated in bioassays against three weeds of concern in agriculture ( L., L., and L.

Comparison of Subcutaneous versus Intramuscular Dexmedetomidine-Midazolam-Ketamine-Morphine (DMKM) Mixture as Chemical Restraint for Endoscopic Sex Determination in Aldabra Giant Tortoises ().

Sex identification through coelioscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to determine the sex of chelonians by directly visualizing their internal reproductive organs. An adequate anaesthesiologic plan is essential to guarantee patient immobilization and proper analgesia during the entire surgical procedure. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a combination of dexmedetomidine (0.

An evidence-based critical review of the mind-brain identity theory.

In the philosophy of mind, neuroscience, and psychology, the causal relationship between phenomenal consciousness, mentation, and brain states has always been a matter of debate. On the one hand, material monism posits consciousness and mind as pure brain epiphenomena. One of its most stringent lines of reasoning relies on a 'loss-of-function lesion premise,' according to which, since brain lesions and neurochemical modifications lead to cognitive impairment and/or altered states of consciousness, there is no reason to doubt the mind-brain identity.

Comparative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in Strains with Different Virulence Degrees Associated with Canker and Dieback of spp.

is one of the most aggressive fungal pathogens of species involved in the decline of Mediterranean oak forests. In this study, three strains of associated with holm () and cork () oak trees exhibiting dieback symptoms and cankers in Algeria were selected to investigate the production of secondary metabolites. Metabolomic analyses revealed the production of several known compounds, such as sphaeropsidins, diplopyrones and diplofuranones.