Synthesis, electronic properties, structural studies, and catalytic activity of peripherally metalated β-η-Pd(II)-thioalkyl porphyrazine.

The β-η-Pd(II)-thioethyl porphyrazine complex 1 was isolated as an intermediate in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of β-bromo thioethyl porphyrazine with palladium complexes. The same complex was also synthesized a direct reaction of the bromo porphyrazine with Pd(PPh) and its structure was assessed by NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, representing one of the very few cases of crystallographic resolution of a thioalkyl porphyrazine obtained to date. This organometallic thioethyl porphyrazine derivative constitutes the first example of an η organometallic complex of tetrapyrroles in which the metal is coordinated at the β position of the macrocycle rather than at the position, as observed in some porphyrin complexes.

Characterization of Pure Ozonides from Ozonolysis of Oleic Acid Methyl Ester; Use of a Protocol for the Analysis of the Corresponding Stable Ozonides from Triolein and Organic Extra Virgin Olive Oil (+OIL).

As part of the research directed at establishing the composition of the main products present in Ozoile, a study of the ozonolysis of the oleic acid methyl ester as well as triolein was undertaken. Starting from oleic acid methyl ester, all six ozonides were isolated for the first time and fully characterized. Then, we used a protocol based on ozonolysis of triolein and +OIL followed by trans-esterification of the crude reaction mixtures, which led to the same six ozonides.

Structure Revision of the Fungal Phytotoxin Cavoxin and of Its Corresponding Chroman-4-one Cavoxone by X-ray Crystallography.

Cavoxin () was isolated as the main phytotoxin produced by Schulzer, a toxigenic fungus isolated from spp. Its structure was determined by 1D NMR and MS in 1985 along with that of the corresponding chroman-4-one cavoxone (), an artifact formed by acid treatment of . Since that time cavoxin was shown to be phytotoxic, antifungal, antifeedant, herbicidal, and antirust with potential application in agriculture and medicine.

Screening of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Associated with the Invasive Weed Reveals Two New Structurally Related Compounds.

In the search for new alternative biocontrol strategies, phytopathogenic fungi could represent a new frontier for weed management. In this respect, as part of our ongoing work aiming at using fungal pathogens as an alternative to common herbicides, the foliar pathogen has been evaluated to control buffelgrass (). In particular, in this work, the isolation and structural elucidation of two new biosynthetically related metabolites, named nigrosphaeritriol (3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpentane-1,4-diol) and nigrosphaerilactol (3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol), from the phytotoxic culture filtrate extract were described, along with the identification of several known metabolites.

Halo complexes of gold(I) containing glycoconjugate carbene ligands: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and interaction with proteins and DNA model systems.

New neutral carbene complexes of gold(I) [Au(Im-Me)X] (X = Cl, Au1; X = Br, Au2; X = I, Au3) have been synthesized and fully characterized by different techniques, including NMR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The carbene ligand Im-Me is decorated with a glucoside fragment a triazole linker, obtainable through a click chemistry reaction. The compounds retain the Au-NHC fragment in aqueous solvents, and an equilibrium between the neutral halo- and the cationic di-carbene form [Au(Im-Me)] is observed, whose extent follows the trend Au1 < Au2 < Au3.

Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant as Potential Biopesticides.

To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides.

Showing Antifungal Activity against a Severe Pathogenic Fungus of Soybean, Produces Phenazine as the Main Active Metabolite.

9 and 54, proposed as biofungicides to control , a dangerous pathogen of soybean and other crops, were grown in vitro to evaluate their ability to produce metabolites with antifungal activity. The aim of the manuscript was to identify the natural compounds responsible for their antifungal activity. Only the culture filtrates of 9 showed strong antifungal activity against .

In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Evaluation of Natural Products with Potential Applications as Biopesticides.

The use of natural products in agriculture as pesticides has been strongly advocated. However, it is necessary to assess their toxicity to ensure their safe use. In the present study, mammalian cell lines and fish models of the zebrafish ( and medaka () have been used to investigate the toxic effects of ten natural products which have potential applications as biopesticides.

Phytotoxins produced by and , associated with grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) in Iran.

and associated with grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) in Iran, were grown to evaluate the production of phytotoxic metabolites as potential pathogenicity determinants. 2,5-Dihydroxymethylfuran and (+)-6-hydroxyramulosin were isolated from the culture filtrates of and , respectively. They were identified by physical and spectroscopic (essentially 1 D and 2 D H and C NMR and ESIMS) methods and X ray analysis.

Isolation and Biological Characterization of Homoisoflavanoids and the Alkylamide --Coumaroyltyramine from Rottb., an Amaryllidaceae Species Collected in Senegal.

Rottb. (syn. ) is an Amaryllidaceae plant used in African traditional medicine but very few studies have been performed on this species from a chemical and applicative point of view.

Mitidjospirone, a new spirodioxynaphthalene and GC-MS screening of secondary metabolites produced by strains of associated to dieback.

Mitidjospirone, a new spiridioxynaphthalene, was isolated from the mycelial extract of a strain of , a recently described species belonging to the family Botryosphaeriaceae. Its structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configuration was determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiment. Furthermore, several known compounds were identified during the screening of secondary metabolites produced by four strains of .

Sesquiterpene Lactones from with Antibiotic Activity against Clinical Isolates of .

, belonging to the tribe Anthemideae, is a plant widespread in the Southern hemisphere. It is frequently used in folk medicine in North African countries for several of its medical properties, shown by its extracts and essential oils. The dichloromethane extract obtained from its aerial parts demonstrated antibiotic activity against and was fractionated by bioguided purification procedures affording five main sesquiterpene lactones.

A One-Pot Approach to Novel Pyridazine -Nucleosides.

The synthesis of glycosides and modified nucleosides represents a wide research field in organic chemistry. The classical methodology is based on coupling reactions between a glycosyl donor and an acceptor. An alternative strategy for new -nucleosides is used in this approach, which consists of modifying a pre-existent furyl aglycone.

Phytotoxic metabolites from a fungal pathogen of in Iran.

Two phytotoxic furan derivatives were isolated, together with the well-known fungal and plant phytotoxin tyrosol, from the culture filtrates of . This fungal pathogen isolated from trees induced wood necrosis and decline symptoms on the host plant in Iran. The two furan derivatives, isolated for the first time from , were identified by spectroscopic methods (essentially 1 D and 2 D H and C NMR and ESIMS spectroscopy) as 5-hydroxymethylfuraldehyde and 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran.

Massarilactones D and H, phytotoxins produced by , associated with grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) in Iran.

A strain of associated with grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) was identified in Iran and induced disease symptoms on the host in greenhouse conditions. The grapevine pathogens are able to produce a plethora of toxic metabolites belonging to different classes of naturally occurring compounds. Two homogeneous compounds were isolated from the organic extract of culture filtrates.

Novel Solid-State Emissive Polymers and Polymeric Blends from a T-Shaped Benzodifuran Scaffold: A Comparative Study.

Two novel polyimines were synthesized from a benzodifuran based diamino monomer and two dialdehydes bearing bulky groups and a flexible spacer. The polymers display tuned luminescence performance according to the presence of half-salen groups. The effect of the intramolecular bond on the emission properties were examined.

Pt(II) versus Pt(IV) in Carbene Glycoconjugate Antitumor Agents: Minimal Structural Variations and Great Performance Changes.

Octahedral Pt(IV) complexes () containing a glycoconjugate carbene ligand were prepared and fully characterized. These complexes are structural analogues to the trigonal bipyramidal Pt(II) species () recently described. Thus, an unprecedented direct comparison between the biological properties of Pt compounds with different oxidation states and almost indistinguishable structural features was performed.

7-hydroxytropolone is the main metabolite responsible for the fungal antagonism of Pseudomonas donghuensis strain SVBP6.

Pseudomonas donghuensis strain SVBP6, an isolate from an agricultural plot in Argentina, displays a broad-spectrum and diffusible antifungal activity, which requires a functional gacS gene but could not be ascribed yet to known secondary metabolites typical of Pseudomonas biocontrol species. Here, we report that Tn5 mutagenesis allowed the identification of a gene cluster involved in both the fungal antagonism and the production of a soluble tropolonoid compound. The ethyl acetate extract from culture supernatant showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect against the phytopathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina.

Hyfraxinic Acid, a Phytotoxic Tetrasubstituted Octanoic Acid, Produced by the Ash ( L.) Pathogen Together with Viridiol and Some of Its Analogues.

A new tetrasubstituted octanoic acid, named hyfraxinic acid (), was isolated together with known 1-deoxyviridiol (), viridiol (), nodulisporiviridin M (), and demethoxyviridiol () from the organic extract of responsible for ash ( L.) dieback in Europe. Hyfraxinic acid () was characterized, using spectroscopic methods, as 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methyl-6-methyleneoctanoic acid.

An Amphiphilic Pyridinoyl-hydrazone Probe for Colorimetric and Fluorescence pH Sensing.

A new pH sensor based on a substituted aroylhydrazide with a flexible side chain and a terminal trimethyl ammonium group (PHA) was designed and synthesized. The terminal quaternary ammonium guarantees excellent solubility in water. At the same time, the probe is very soluble in hydrophobic envirornments.

Crystal structures of butyl 2-amino-5-hy-droxy-4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)benzo-furan-3-carboxyl-ate and 2-meth-oxy-ethyl 2-amino-5-hy-droxy-4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)benzo-furan-3-carboxyl-ate.

The title benzo-furan derivatives 2-amino-5-hy-droxy-4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)benzo-furan-3-carboxyl-ate (BF1), CHNO, and 2-meth-oxy-ethyl 2-amino-5-hy-droxy-4-(4-nitro-phen-yl)benzo-furan-3-carboxyl-ate (BF2), CHNO, recently attracted attention because of their promising anti-tumoral activity. BF1 crystallizes in the space group . BF2 in the space group 21/.

A highly efficient and selective antitumor agent based on a glucoconjugated carbene platinum(ii) complex.

New five-coordinate Pt(ii) complexes containing a glycosylated carbene fragment were synthesized. A member of this class shows very high in vitro cytotoxicity and an exceptional selectivity toward malignant cells. The complex lacking the sugary portion fails in the recognition of cancer cells.

Lentiquinones A, B, and C, Phytotoxic Anthraquinone Derivatives Isolated from Ascochyta lentis, a Pathogen of Lentil.

A strain of the pathogenic fungus Ascochyta lentis isolated from lentil ( Lens culinaris) was studied to ascertain its capability to produce bioactive metabolites. From the culture filtrates were found three new anthraquinone derivatives, named lentiquinones A (1), B (2), and C (3), and the known lentisone. From the mycelium, four known analogues were identified, namely pachybasin (in larger amount), ω-hydroxypachybasin, 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methylanthracene-9,10-dione, and phomarin.

Funiculosone, a substituted dihydroxanthene-1,9-dione with two of its analogues produced by an endolichenic fungus Talaromyces funiculosus and their antimicrobial activity.

An undescribed substituted dihydroxanthene-1,9-dione, named funiculosone, was isolated together with its two analogues identified as mangrovamide J and ravenelin, from the culture filtrates of Talaromyces funiculosus (Thom) Samson, Yilmaz, Frisvad & Seifert (Trichocomaceae), an endolichenic fungus isolated from lichen thallus of Diorygma hieroglyphicum (Pers.) Staiger & Kalb (Graphidaceae), in India. Funiculosone was characterized, essentially by spectroscopic methods, as 4,8,9a-trihydroxy-3,4a-dimethyl-4a,9a-dihydro-4H-xanthene-1,9-dione.

Data on a real-time tripodal colorimetric/fluorescence sensor for multiple target metal ions.

Currently considerable research both in life and in environmental sciences is dedicated to chemosensors able to detect metals of biological interest such as zinc and iron or other toxic and carcinogenic, as cadmium, mercury, chromium, lead. Recently, a new chemosensor strategy of "single chemosensor for multiple metals" has emerged. For this scope, many fluorescent sensors for Cd(II) and Zn(II) have been designed and synthetized, as ligand systems or in polymeric matrices [1], [2], [3].