Dissecting the effect of mitochondrial BCAT inhibition in methylmalonic acidemia.

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe metabolic disorder affecting multiple organs because of a distal block in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism. Standard of care is limited to protein restriction and supportive care during metabolic decompensation. Severe cases require liver/kidney transplantation, and there is a clear need for better therapy.

Examining the Relationship Between Time Spent on Social Media Platforms and Body Image Concerns.

Objective: Research has suggested that a relationship may exist between frequent use of social networking sites (SNSs) and body dissatisfaction; however, there is a lack of research around newer SNS platforms with larger visual imprints, such as TikTok and Snapchat. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between time spent on different SNSs and body dissatisfaction.

Methods: An online survey was completed by 199 participants.

Planetary health diet and cognitive decline in Chinese older adults: Balancing health benefits and environmental sustainability.

The planetary health diet (PHD) proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, advocates for reduced meat and dairy intake while emphasizing the consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Existing studies have shown that the PHD can lower mortality rates and slow cognitive decline in various populations. However, its specific effects on cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in China remain unclear, primarily due to regional socioeconomic and cultural differences.

Clinical predictors and prognostic impact of left ventricular thrombus recurrence.

Background: There is limited contemporary data available on the subject of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, outcomes and predictors of patients with LVT recurrence after resolution.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 346 patients with resolved LVT at baseline, derived from an echocardiography database at a tertiary medical centre, from March 2011 to January 2021.

An Exploratory Study of the Impact of Hearing Handicap on Listening Fatigue During Health Care Encounters Among Older Adults.

Purpose: This exploratory study examined if hearing handicap in older adults affected listening-related fatigue during health care interactions and explored whether different face mask types worn during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influenced this association.

Method: A cross-sectional observational study among community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older receiving care at an academic health care system outpatient audiology or otolaryngology clinics was conducted. Eligible participants completed and returned a mail-in self-reported packet including the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (Screener Version; HHIE-S) and the 10-item Vanderbilt Fatigue Scale for Adults (VFS-A-10).

Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease - Provision, Attendance, and Outcomes: Results from the INTERASPIRE Survey from Fourteen Countries Across Six WHO Regions.

Background: INTERASPIRE was an observational study of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) from 88 hospitals in 14 countries across all six WHO regions. The objective was to describe the proportions of patients referred to and attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes and to compare lifestyle and risk factor target achievement according to participation in a CR programme.

Methods: Patients 18-80 years of age, with a first or recurrent coronary hospitalisation (acute coronary syndrome and/or revascularisation procedure) were identified and invited to an interview and examination, between six months and two years after the index hospitalisation.

Short-Term Complications of Preoperative Weight Loss Strategies in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Bariatric Surgery versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.

Introduction: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent comorbidity that confers greater risks of postoperative complications following total joint arthroplasty, underscoring the need for viable preoperative weight loss. The objective of this study was to compare the risk of 90-day adverse events in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) following bariatric surgery versus treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA).

Methods: A retrospective review of a national research network from May 1, 2005, to February 12, 2025, identified patients undergoing TKA with bariatric surgery or GLP-1 RA prescriptions in the 18 months preceding their joint arthroplasty.

Vaccination strategies to achieve outbreak control for MPXV Clade I with a one-time mass campaign in sub-Saharan Africa: A scenario-based modelling study.

Background: Limited mpox vaccination coverage, declining cross-protection from historical smallpox vaccination campaigns, and persistent zoonotic reservoirs leave many sub-Saharan countries susceptible to mpox outbreaks. With millions of vaccine doses made available to the region since late 2024 and the absence of country-specific guidelines for allocation, estimating the country-specific impact of one-time mass vaccination strategies is necessary for ongoing outbreaks and other countries at future risk.

Methods And Findings: We adapted a next generation matrix model to project disease transmission potential for 47 sub-Saharan countries from 2025 to 2050 under four transmission scenarios with different contributions of community versus sexual contacts.

Prognostic Value of A/T/N Biomarkers: Comparing Plasma and Imaging Modalities in Alzheimer Disease.

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β plaques (A), tau tangles (T), and neurodegeneration (N), collectively defining the ATN framework. While imaging biomarkers are well-established, the prognostic value of plasma biomarkers in predicting cognitive decline remains underexplored. This study compares plasma and imaging A/T/N biomarkers in predicting cognitive decline and evaluate the impact of combining biomarkers across modalities.

Associations between ureteral stent indwelling time, patient characteristics, and stent pain from an international prospective registry.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown conflicting results concerning the optimal duration of ureteral stenting after endourologic treatment of stone disease, its effect on patient comfort, and the necessity for emergent, unscheduled care. This study assessed the impact of stent duration, sex, and other patient-associated factors on reported pain scores using a large, international prospective registry.

Methods: A prospective observational patient registry on ureteral stents from 10 institutions in 4 countries (United States, Canada, France, and Japan) from 2020-2023 was assessed.

Network Meta-Analysis of Quality of Life in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: Although the effects of various combinations of treatments on mortality and morbidity outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have been evaluated, the impact on quality of life is unknown. This study evaluated and compared the composite impact of pharmacological therapies on quality of life in HFrEF using a frequentist network meta-analysis and systematic review methodology.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 2021 and August 10, 2024.

Ethnic differences in protein biomarkers of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proteomic study on the EORP cohort.

Aims: The diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is often delayed due to the absence of disease-specific biomarkers. Recently, serum proteins-QSOX1, adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and ITIH3-have shown potential for improving diagnostic accuracy, especially when used with NT-proBNP. However, the influence of ethnicity on their expression remains unclear.

Comparative effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors along with colchicine versus colchicine alone among coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes patients.

Background: Colchicine, an anti-inflammatory agent, has been demonstrated to reduce adverse cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) provide cardiovascular prevention beyond glycemic control including anti-inflammatory effect, and reduced heart failure risk. Given their complementary mechanisms, combining colchicine and SGLT2i may offer synergistic benefits in CAD patients with T2DM, yet the incremental effects of this combination remain underexplored.

Extreme weather events and dengue in Southeast Asia: A regionally-representative analysis of 291 locations from 1998 to 2021.

Background: Climate change, leading to more frequent and intense extreme weather events (EWEs), could significantly impact dengue transmission. However, the associations between EWEs and dengue remains underexplored in the Southeast Asia (SEA) region. We investigated the association between selected EWEs (i.

Exploring superior capsular reconstruction and tendon transfers for massive irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears.

Rotator cuff tears are prevalent, affecting 20% of the general population, with massive tears accounting for 40% of these cases. Massive tears, those larger than 5 cm or involving several tendons, pose substantial clinical problems, including poorer surgical outcomes and increased recurrence rates. Multiple classification systems offer varied definitions, complicating treatment strategies.

The Influence of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Body Mass Index on the Incidence of Alzheimer Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background/aims: This study aimed to investigate the influence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of Alzheimer disease (AD) in the general South Korean population.

Methods: The National Screening Program for Transitional Ages collected data from 66-year-old dementia-free Koreans in 2010 and 2011. MASLD was diagnosed based on the fatty liver index (≥30) and the presence of metabolic components, and overweight/obese status was defined as a BMI ≥23 kg/m.

Factors affecting disease progression in early-stage chronic kidney disease in a multi-ethnic, southeast Asian primary care population.

Background: While effective risk factor control and medication optimization in early-stage CKD can significantly slow disease progression, a paucity of studies hinders comprehensive understanding. This study aims to identify factors associated with progression of early-stage CKD in primary care.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of CKD G1-G2 patients with type 2 diabetes or hypertension, recruited from an ongoing cohort between 2017 and 2023 from six polyclinics in Singapore.

Blending of virtual reality with high-fidelity simulation for interprofessional team training: A mixed methods study.

Background: Developing interprofessional competencies at the pre-registration level is essential for preparing a collaborative practice-ready workforce committed to patient-centered care and safety.

Aim: (1) To evaluate the impact of a Blended Learning Approach with Simulation-based TeamSTEPPS® (BLAST) training on nursing and medical students' attitudes, knowledge, and perceived confidence in interprofessional collaboration, and (2) to explore the learning experiences of students and teaching experiences of simulation facilitators.

Design: Mixed-methods design using a one-group pretest-posttest design and focus group discussions.

Characterization of Sinonasal Lesions on CT, MRI, and PET/CT.

The differential diagnosis of sinonasal lesions includes benign and malignant disease. Current radiologic diagnosis depends on the complementary roles of CT and MRI. PET/CT has been widely utilized for diagnosis and staging of various types of tumors as well as assessing treatment response.

The Impact of Sarcopenic Obesity on Frailty, Cognition, and Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: The impact of sarcopenic obesity (SO) on frailty, cognition, and function compared to sarcopenia and obesity alone remains unclear. This study examined SO's effects on these domains in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We assessed 202 older adults (mean age 80.

Vascular outflow obstruction changes and low prevalence of advanced fibrosis characterize the liver pathology in orthotopic heart transplant recipients.

Objective: The number of orthotopic heart transplants (OHTs) performed each year continues to increase, as does the post-transplant survival rate. Little is known, however, about the morphologic changes in the liver after the patient has undergone an OHT. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed liver pathology in patients following OHT to comprehensively describe the histopathologic changes, particularly fibrosis.

Pharmacological Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: In 2022, our network meta-analysis showed that a combination of β-blockers, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) was most effective in reducing all-cause mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This study updates the treatment benefit by including additional large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) since 2022, including the Vericiguat Global Study in Participants with Chronic Heart Failure (VICTOR) trial.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare regimens of pharmacotherapy in patients with HFrEF.