Trifluoromethylborylation of Unactivated Alkenes via an Electron Donor-Acceptor (EDA) Complex.

This communication describes a straightforward method for the trifluoromethylborylation of unactivated alkenes. The reaction proceeds through the formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a trifluoromethylthiophenium salt and bis(catechol)diboron under broad-spectrum white-light irradiation. Due to the mild reaction conditions, the trifluoromethylborylation tolerates a wide range of functional groups, including esters, acids, alcohols, epoxides, and a variety of heterocycles.

Toward Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence for Users' Digital Well-Being: Systematic Review, Synthesis, and Future Directions.

Background: As information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) become deeply integrated into daily life, the focus on users' digital well-being has grown across academic and industrial fields. However, fragmented perspectives and approaches to digital well-being in AI-powered systems hinder a holistic understanding, leaving researchers and practitioners struggling to design truly human-centered AI systems.

Objective: This paper aims to address the fragmentation by synthesizing diverse perspectives and approaches to digital well-being through a systematic literature review.

Diverse Attitudes and Experiences With Technology Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Asian American and Pacific Islander Adults (the COMPASS Study): Survey Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced the world to quarantine to slow the rate of transmission, causing communities to transition into virtual spaces. Asian American and Pacific Islander communities faced the additional challenge of discrimination that stemmed from racist and xenophobic rhetoric in the media. Limited data exist on technology use among Asian American and Pacific Islander adults during the height of the COVID-19 shelter-in-place period and its effect on their physical and mental health.

Development of an Instrument to Measure Resilience to Misinformation on Social Media: Measurement Properties and Validation.

Background: The spread of misinformation on social media poses significant risks to public health and individual decision-making. Despite growing recognition of these threats, instruments that assess resilience to misinformation on social media, particularly among families who are central to making decisions on behalf of children, remain scarce.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a novel instrument that measures resilience to misinformation in the context of social media among parents of school-age children.

Development and Validation of a Novel LC-MS/MS-Based Proteomics Method for Quantitation of Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) and Transthyretin (TTR).

Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), the circulating carrier of retinol, complexes with transthyretin (TTR) and is a potential biomarker of cardiometabolic disease. However, RBP4 quantitation relies on immunoassays and Western blots without retinol and TTR measurement. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous absolute quantitation of circulating RBP4 and TTR is critical to establishing their biomarker potential.

Dissecting the Large Stokes Shift Fluorescence of Graphene-Sheet-Based Carbon Dots by Excitation-Dependent Ultrafast Spectroscopy.

Carbon dots (CDs) represent a new class of nontoxic and sustainable nanomaterials with increasing applications. Among them, bright and large Stokes-shift CDs are highly desirable for display and imaging, yet the emission mechanisms remain unclear. We obtained structural signatures for the recently engineered green and red CDs by ground-state femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS), then synthesized orange CDs with similar size but much higher nitrogen dopants than red CDs.

Water Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks: Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Structure-Property Relationships.

To address the increasingly limited water availability, using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to capture atmospheric water vapor as usable resources has emerged as a promising strategy. The adsorption characteristics of MOFs as well as their step pressure (i.e.

Prolonging All-Optical Molecular Electron Spin Coherence in the Tissue Transparency Window.

Coherent electron spin states within paramagnetic molecules hold significant potential for microscopic quantum sensing. However, all-optical coherence measurements amenable to high spatial and temporal resolution under ambient conditions remain a significant challenge. Here we conduct room-temperature, picosecond time-resolved Faraday ellipticity/rotation (TRFE/R) measurements of the electron spin decoherence time in [IrBr].

Analysis of UNOS: Trends in Heart Transplantation for Adults With Congenital Heart Disease in the United States Over 35 Years - A Comparison of Two Eras.

The purpose of this study is to identify 35-year trends in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) heart transplant volume, transplant centers, patient characteristics, and longitudinal survival up to ten years. We performed a retrospective review of ACHD patients (≥18 years) who underwent heart transplantation (N = 2,297 transplants) between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 2022, using the United Network for Organ Sharing Database. Trends in transplant volume, transplant centers, patient characteristics, and longitudinal survival were analyzed.

Critical Care Physicians' Perspectives on Nudging in Communication.

Importance: Research in behavioral economics has demonstrated that people have irrational biases, which make them susceptible to decisional shortcuts, or heuristics. The extent to which physicians consciously might use nudges to exploit these heuristics and thereby influence their patients' decision-making is unclear. In addition, ethical questions about the conscious use of nudges in medicine persist, yet little is known about how physicians experience and perceive their use.

Race, Ethnicity, Insurance Payer, and Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Survival.

Importance: Lower survival rates among Black adults relative to White adults after in-hospital cardiac arrest are well-described, but these findings have not been consistently replicated in pediatric studies.

Objective: To use a large, national, population-based inpatient database to evaluate the associations between in-hospital mortality in children receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and patient race or ethnicity, patient insurance status, and the treating hospital's proportion of Black and publicly insured patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective population-based cohort study used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database (1997-2019 triennial versions).

Delirium and Self-Reported Driving Behaviors and Outcomes After Critical Illness.

Importance: Survivors of critical illness often have ongoing issues that affect functioning, including driving ability.

Objective: To examine whether intensive care unit (ICU) delirium is independently associated with long-term changes in driving behaviors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, longitudinal cohort study included 151 survivors of critical illness residing within 200 miles of Nashville, Tennessee.

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Neurocognitive Functions, and Long-Term Mortality Risk.

Importance: Higher intellectual abilities have been associated with lower mortality risk in several longitudinal cohort studies. However, these studies did not fully account for early life contextual factors or test whether the beneficial associations between higher neurocognitive functioning and mortality extend to children exposed to early adversity.

Objective: To explore how the associations of child neurocognition with mortality changed according to the patterns of adversity children experienced.

Thirty years of SPM-BrainMap synergy: making and mining coordinate-based literature.

Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) adheres to rigorous methodological standards, including: spatial normalization, inter-subject averaging, voxel-wise contrasts, and coordinate reporting. This rigor ensures that a thematically diverse literature is amenable to meta-analysis. BrainMap is a community database (www.

SPM as a cornerstone of an open source software ecosystem for neuroimaging.

The SPM software package played a major role in the establishment of open source software practices within the field of neuroimaging. I outline its role in my career development and the impact it has had within our field.

What are we missing? What are we assuming? The need to foster feature discovery tools to improve statistical models.

Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) has been profoundly influential to neuroimaging as it has fostered rigorous, statistically grounded structure for model-based inferences that have led to mechanistic insights about the human brain over the past 30 years. The statistical constructs shared with the world through SPM have been instrumental for deriving meaning from neuroimaging data; however, they require simplifying assumptions which can provide results that, while statistically sound, may not accurately reflect the mechanisms of brain function. A platform that fosters the exploration of the rich and varying neuronal and physiologic underpinnings of the measured signals and their associations to behavior and physiologic measures needs a different set of tools.

Cross-Sectional Associations of Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety Symptoms, and Emotional Support Seeking with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Bladder Health.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Depressive and anxiety symptoms are known risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). To inform prevention and treatment strategies, this research examined whether greater emotional support seeking weakened associations of affective symptoms with LUTS and poorer bladder health.

Methods: Data were collected from women in the USA who participated in the RISE FOR HEALTH study of bladder health.

Associations Between Food Insecurity and Child BMI: Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal Mediational Analysis of Maternal Weight-Related Parenting Practices and Concerns.

Objective: To test whether parent restriction, pressure to eat, and maternal concern for child weight mediated the positive association between food insecurity and child body mass index (BMI) in cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.

Methods: Data were from mother-child pairs (n = 202 at baseline). Children were M = 10.

Health-related quality of life of single-person households in the United States: results from the 2014-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Purpose: Little is known about the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of single-person households. We evaluated the physical and mental health impairment associated with household arrangements.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2014-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data.

Association of distance to diagnosis and area-based social measures with stage at diagnosis among Iowans with HPV-related cancers.

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes oral and anogenital cancers, the incidence of which is increasing. Late-stage diagnosis is associated with increased mortality. Neighborhood-level characteristics and distance to place of diagnosis may impact timely diagnosis.

Influence of life expectancy on shared decision-making for prostate cancer screening.

Purpose: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that men aged 55-69 years undergo shared decision-making (SDM) regarding prostate cancer (PCa) screening, and routine screening is not recommended for older men or those with limited life expectancy.

Impact of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors on Postoperative Outcomes Following Immediate Postmastectomy Autologous Breast Reconstruction.

Background: Postmastectomy autologous reconstruction (PMAR) is an important component of comprehensive breast cancer care. Previous research has suggested the existence of sociodemographic disparities in complications after immediate PMAR. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of sociodemographic and clinical factors on immediate PMAR postoperative outcomes.

Trends in Patient-Reported Outcomes After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Partial-Breast Versus Whole-Breast Irradiation.

Background: Although several trials have demonstrated the oncologic safety of partial-breast irradiation (PBI) compared with whole-breast irradiation (WBI), data on patient-reported outcomes are mixed. Here we compare breast satisfaction and chest well-being using the BREAST-Q questionnaire among patients undergoing PBI versus WBI.

Patients And Methods: We identified patients undergoing lumpectomy and radiation, and analyzed their BREAST-Q scores preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years.