Knowledge on breastfeeding and improving cardiometabolic disease following a major complication of pregnancy: A qualitative analysis.

Background: Maternal complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes are independent risk factors for developing premature cardiovascular disease. Breastfeeding may improve immediate cardiometabolic health in these patients; however, women with pregnancy complications are less likely to initiate breastfeeding and more likely to cease breastfeeding early. It is still not known if women understand that breastfeeding can improve cardiovascular disease risk following a pregnancy complication, and if this knowledge would influence breastfeeding outcomes.

The Microbial Factor in Subsurface Hydrogen behavior: Implications for Wettability and Interfacial Dynamics.

Microbial activity plays a significant role in subsurface hydrogen behavior, with implications for underground storage and natural hydrogen systems. This study examines how microbial processes influence the wettability and solid-liquid interfacial characteristics of key subsurface minerals, calcite, dolomite, quartz, and gypsum, in hydrogen-brine-rock systems under realistic subsurface conditions. Wettability directly affects hydrogen distribution, flow dynamics, and trapping, making it a critical factor for both storage and natural recovery applications.

Molecular insights into nucleic acid triplexes: methodologies and biological applications.

Triplex DNA structures form through the binding of a third oligonucleotide strand to the major groove of canonical double-stranded DNA at sites of extended polypurine sequence. Although they are known to be favored with certain sequence specificity and cellular conditions, including decreased pH and the presence of multivalent cations, there remains ambiguity in the structures and extent to which they form . Therefore, despite their biological relevance and many potential applications, the use of DNA triplexes in biotechnology has been limited to date.

To infinity and beyond: the promise of data-driven 3D printing of hernia mesh - a primer for surgeons.

Purpose: Abdominal wall hernias account for a substantial operative caseload in general surgery globally. Optimal hernia care should be tailored to individual circumstances. To repair the three-dimensional (3D) abdominal wall, 3D-printed patient-specific implants may be superior to current mesh products.

Incidence of GLP-1 receptor agonist use by women of reproductive age attending general practices in Australia, 2011-2022: a retrospective open cohort study.

Objective: To examine longitudinal changes in the initial prescribing of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for women of reproductive age in Australia; to determine whether contraception recommendations are being followed; and to estimate the frequency of pregnancy among women using GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Study Design: Retrospective open cohort study; analysis of MedicineInsight general practice data.

Setting, Participants: Women aged 18-49 years who visited participating general practices three or more times during the study period (1 January 2011 - 31 July 2022).

Circular RNAs accumulate in aging human placental tissue and in stillbirth, leading to DNA damage and cellular senescence.

Background: Unexplained stillbirth may occur due to premature placental aging, with unexpected deterioration of placental function for gestational age. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are enzyme-resistant RNA molecules that accumulate in aging tissues. Furthermore, circRNAs bind gDNA directly, forming complexes which can induce DNA breaks and genomic instability.

Tumor-activated nanocomplex reprograms cancer and macrophage metabolism in opposite directions to overcome immune suppression.

Immunotherapy efficacy is hindered by the immunosuppressive metabolism of cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), yet their opposite metabolic programs complicate synchronized modulation of tumor microenvironment. Here, we report an acid-activated Fe-Zn nanocomplex (FZNC) that transforms into spiky FeOOH nanoparticles within the tumor microenvironment. This transformation enhances cellular uptake and enables selective scavenging of hydrogen sulfide (HS)-a metabolite that promotes glycolysis in cancer cells and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in TAMs.

Global complexities and challenges in the restoration of hypersaline coastal wetlands.

Wetlands in hypersaline environments are especially vulnerable to loss and degradation, as increasing coastal urbanization and climate change rapidly exacerbate freshwater supply stressors. Hypersaline wetlands pose unique management challenges that require innovative restoration perspectives and approaches that consider complex local and regional socioecological dynamics. In part, this challenge stems from multiple co-occurring stressors and anthropogenic alterations, including estuary mouth closure and freshwater diversions at the catchment scale.

Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Care, Pharmacotherapy, and Patient Outcomes in Two Regional Aboriginal Primary Care Health Centres: Lessons to be Learnt.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects Aboriginal Australian populations six times more frequently than non-Indigenous Australians, with disparity increasing by remoteness. Contemporary guidelines recommend optimising cardiometabolic care, including achieving a target glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) <7%, blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, and use of pharmacotherapy, including the maximal tolerated statin dose and consideration of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in selected subpopulations.

Aim: This study aimed to determine whether cardiometabolic treatment targets and pharmacological management met best practice guidelines in two rural Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations.

A narrative review of the psychological impact of intravitreal injections.

Intravitreal injections (IVI) are a common, effective therapy for multiple retinal diseases although can be associated with significant psychological effects that reduce adherence to treatment. We reviewed the psychological impacts of IVI to characterise their causes, consequences, and solutions. We searched the electronic databases PubMed, OVID Medline, OVID Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane Reviews and retrieved 1252 peer-reviewed articles.

Conversations about stillbirth prevention during pregnancy care from the perspectives of recent parents of refugee and migrant backgrounds, health professionals, and interpreters: A qualitative study.

Background: Socio-economic disparities in stillbirth persist in Australia and other high-income countries. Despite increased attention to disparities in perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth, very little is known about the way conversations about stillbirth prevention are occurring within pregnancy care.

Objectives: Understand how conversations about stillbirth prevention are experienced by parents of refugee and migrant backgrounds, interpreters, and healthcare professionals within public maternity services in Victoria and South Australia.

Constructing Stable Sub/Surface Structure to Boost Superior Cyclabilities of Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathode.

Under prolonged high-voltage cycling, single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes are prone to severe transition metal dissolution, irreversible phase transformations, and reduced structural stability, which significantly hinder their practical application. Hence, a dual-modification strategy is proposed and implemented for single-crystalline LiNiCoMnO (SCNCM90) cathodes by introducing Al/B gradient co-doping and an AlBO surface coating to mitigate anisotropic structural changes. The subsurface Al/B gradient doping induces a lithium-rich vacancy disordered structure, which effectively suppresses the H2-H3 phase transition, while suppressing lattice strain and mechanical degradation.

The shibire mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni.

Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is among the most damaging insect pests to the Australian horticultural industry as larvae infest ripening fruits or vegetables prior to harvest. Genetic biocontrol using Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs have been used to successfully suppress populations, via mass release of factory-reared sterile males that mate with wild females. Bi-sex flies are currently used for releases, although the efficiency of these control programs could be improved through using genetic sexing strains that eliminate females early during development, as they are not required for SIT.

Harvest Time-Dependent Changes in the Composition and Function of Microglia-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles.

Microglia are dynamic macrophage-like cells that survey the central nervous system (CNS) and mediate neuroinflammatory responses. Even under homeostatic conditions, they exhibit phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues. Microglia-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which are lipid bilayer vesicles encapsulating proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, reflect the physiological state of their parent cells and influence recipient cell function.

Passive neck stiffness and range of motion for males and females from early to late adulthood.

Background Context: Understanding human passive neck range of motion (ROM) and stiffness, and their association with age and sex, can be beneficial for clinical assessment, surrogate and computational modelling.

Purpose: To assess passive head-neck ROM and stiffness, and to investigate association with age and sex, in flexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, and axial rotation.

Study Design/setting: In-vivo human participant testing.

Wiggle and glide: fine-scale telemetry reveals unique diving strategies in benthic-foraging sea snakes.

Background: The efficient acquisition of two critical but spatially separated resources -food and oxygen- governs the daily movements and diving patterns of air-breathing aquatic animals. Unlike pinnipeds, turtles and seabirds, fully marine ('true') sea snakes spend their entire lifecycle at sea and have evolved specialised movement behaviours. However, fine-scale data on the diving behaviour of free-ranging sea snakes remain scarce, limiting our understanding of their ecology and vulnerability to anthropogenic threats.

Application of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Gynaecologic Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a non-invasive, autologous treatment with regenerative potential in gynaecology beyond fertility applications. This review evaluates PRP in non-fertility-related gynaecological conditions affecting women's quality of life (QoL). Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL, and MEDLINE for studies on PRP in conditions such as vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS), vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), sexual dysfunction (SD), stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).

Fifteen-Year Mortality Following Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Registry Study of 8,642 Revisions for Infection.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a serious complication associated with notable loss of function, impaired quality of life, and excess short-term mortality. In this study, we aimed to report the impact of PJI on long-term mortality and its associated risk factors.

Methods: Using data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR), we used Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) based on Australian period life tables to describe mortality rates following revision for PJI, aseptic revisions (excluding those for fracture), and unrevised primary TKA.

Clinical characteristics of people referred for Medicare Item 291 Psychiatric Assessments in northern metropolitan Adelaide.

ObjectiveThe northern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia, are characterised by marked socio-economic disadvantage. Through private practice agreements, psychiatrists employed by this region's public health service accept referrals from General Practitioners (GPs) to undertake Medicare-Benefits-Scheme Item 291 Psychiatric Assessments (MBS-291s). This study reports the clinical characteristics of people in this region who received an assessment under this initiative.