A unique geometrical representation of the cervical spine based on meta-analysis-derived descriptors.

This study was aimed at developing a unique geometrical model of the cervical spine, representative of a global population, for use in designing spinal fixation instrumentation. The purpose of the work is to (i) develop a geometrical model of the cervical spine representing a global population of subjects and (ii) demonstrate the utility of the model for design and manufacture of spinal fixation instrumentation. Several methods for quantifying the cervical lordosis exist such as Jackson's physiological stress line method, Harrison's posterior tangent method and Ishihara's cervical curvature index method.

Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Extracellular Vesicles in the Management of Bleomycin-induced Lung Injury in Model Animals: A Comparative Preclinical Study Focused on Histomorphometric Analysis.

Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis, a condition characterized by excessive lung tissue scarring, remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Given the potential of human Wharton's jelly- derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (hWJ-MSC-EVs) as minimally invasive and scalable therapeutic options for pulmonary fibrosis in clinical settings, this study investigates the potential of hWJ-MSCs and hWJ-MSC-EVs in mitigating bleomycin-induced lung injury in C57BL/6J mice.

Methods: hWJ-MSCs were cultured and characterized for their ability to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages.

Comparative analysis of quantitative susceptibility mapping in preclinical dementia detection.

Purpose: This review aims to explore the role of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) in the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). By examining QSM's ability to map brain iron deposition, we seek to highlight its potential as a diagnostic tool for preclinical dementia.

Methodology: QSM techniques involve the advanced processing of MRI phase images to reconstruct tissue susceptibility, employing methods such as spherical mean value filtering and Tikhonov regularization for accurate background field removal.

Role of Copeptin in Predicting Postoperative Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Pituitary Adenoma Surgery.

Background And Objectives: Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is an important hormone responsible for maintaining sodium homeostasis after pituitary surgery. The measurement of AVP levels is difficult because of its short half-life (t 1/2 ). Copeptin is a preprohormone of AVP, and it is a more stable peptide, which can be used as surrogate marker for AVP.

Health Problems and Healthcare-Seeking Practices of Workers Processing E-Waste in the Unorganized Sector in the Slums of a South Indian City: An Exploratory Study.

Context: The precarious nature of the work in the unorganized e-waste processing sector poses a threat to workers' health by making them vulnerable to occupational injuries as well as other work-related diseases in addition to job insecurity and related issues.

Aims: To systematically explore and quantify employment and working conditions along with the occupational health problems and healthcare-seeking practices of workers processing e-waste in the slums of a south Indian city.

Settings And Design: Cross-sectional study conducted in the slums of a south Indian city.

Optically Clear Silk Fibroin Films with Tunable Properties for Potential Corneal Tissue Engineering Applications: A Process-Property-Function Relationship Study.

Owing to the shortage of donor corneas and issues associated with conventional corneal transplantation, corneal tissue engineering has emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative. Biocompatibility and other attractive features make silk fibroin a biomaterial of choice for corneal tissue engineering applications. The current study presents three modes of silk fibroin film fabrication by solvent casting with popular solvents, viz.

Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a tool to study microbial-cell interactions.

ECIS is an impedance-based method to study the cellular responses to a stimulus. Manipulating the alternating current frequencies in ECIS helped reveal the adherent monolayer properties, including morphology, spreading, proliferation, changes in junctional proteins and barrier integrity. Our objective in the current study was to understand the progression of infection in the airway epithelial cells using ECIS.

Experimental investigation on effect of accelerated speed and rotor material on life of implantable micro-infusion pump tubing.

Peristaltic pumps have been put to use in various biomedical applications like devices for the transfer of body fluids as well as devices for controlled release of medication, including implantable infusion pumps. Out of the various components of a peristaltic pump, tubing is considered the most vulnerable part. This study focuses on the performance of Silicone micro-pump tubing used in such an implantable drug delivery device.

Complex split cord malformation with split conus.

Split cord malformations are disorders of gastrulation. Disorders of secondary neurulation occur later and are traditionally considered separate from the former. Complex split cord malformations involving both the cord and the conus and encompassing the epochs of gastrulation, primary neurulation, junctional neurulation, and secondary neurulation have not been described in literature.

Can occurrence of convulsive status epilepticus during video telemetry be predicted? Observations from an epilepsy monitoring unit.

Purpose: The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency, clinical, and video-electroencephalographic (VEEG) predictors of convlusive status epilepticus (CSE) in the epilepsy-monitoring unit (EMU).

Methods: The data of all patients who had CSE in our EMU between 2008 and 2017 were reviewed. For each case, two age- and diagnosis-matched subjects who underwent VEEG and did not develop CSE were taken as internal controls.

Compressive vertebral hemangiomas with neurological deficits: diagnosis, surgical strategies and long term outcome.

Purpose: Compressive vertebral hemangiomas with neurological deficits (CVHND) form a rare, unique subset of lesions comprising of differing clinico-imaging findings, pathologic behavior and treatment, when compared to the commoner and usually incidental intra-osseus vertebral hemangiomas (VH). Though various surgical strategies and a broad array of adjuncts have evolved and changed over the years, there is paucity of comprehensive data from sizeable series of such patients treated surgically with long term follow up. The purpose of this study is to device an optimum management strategy in CVHND based on our surgical experience.

Long-Term Evaluation of Allogenic Chondrocyte-Loaded PVA-PCL IPN Scaffolds for Articular Cartilage Repair in Rabbits.

Objective: This study tested the long-term efficacy of two synthetic scaffolds for osteochondral defects and compare the outcomes with that of an established technique that uses monolayer cultured chondrocytes in a rabbit model.

Methods: Articular cartilage defect was created in both knees of 18 rabbits and divided into three groups of six in each. The defects in first group receiving cells loaded on Scaffold A (polyvinyl alcohol-polycaprolactone semi-interpenetrating polymer network (Monophasic, PVA-PCL semi-IPN), the second on Scaffold B (biphasic, PVA-PCL incorporated with bioglass as the lower layer), and the third group received chondrocytes alone.

Bilingualism and Its Implications for Neuropsychological Evaluation.

Objective: In the background of a large population of bilinguals globally, the study aimed to develop standards of neuropsychological testing in the context of bilingualism. Because bilingualism is known to affect cognitive processes, bilinguals and monolinguals were compared on their performance on cognitive tests, to investigate the possibility of the need for separate normative data for the two groups.

Method: A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, standardized across five Indian languages: the Indian Council of Medical Research-Neuro Cognitive Tool Box (ICMR-NCTB) was administered to 530 participants (267 monolingual and 263 bilinguals matched for age and education).

Brain lateralization in children with upper-limb reduction deficiency.

Background: The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of upper-limb prostheses on brain activity and gross dexterity in children with congenital unilateral upper-limb reduction deficiencies (ULD) compared to typically developing children (TD).

Methods: Five children with ULD (3 boys, 2 girls, 8.76 ± 3.

A Study of the Developing Paediatric Skullbase Anatomy and its Application to Endoscopic Endonasal Approaches in Children.

Objective: The sinonasal anatomy in growing children undergoes change in size along with progressive pneumatization, this is of particular significance in endoscopic endonasal surgery. We aim to measure and quantify the sinonasal dimensions in the Indian paediatric population, which are relevant to skull base surgeons.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective radio anatomical study of sinonasal measurements and volumetric analysis of the sphenoid sinus performed on archived CT images of children less than 18 years of age.

Secondary infection of chylothorax with : a rare scenario post-cardiac surgery.

Infection of chylothorax is considered rare because chyle is inherently bacteriostatic. We report a case of an infected chylothorax occurring in a post-cardiac surgery patient caused by . Once considered a harmless saprophyte, is now recognized as an important opportunistic pathogen causing healthcare-associated infection with a propensity for antimicrobial resistance.

Spatial analysis of hypothyroidism and ground water pH in an Urban Area of Kerala using the geographic information system.

Hypothyroidism is a disease assuming increasing relevance. The causative role of acidic nature of drinking water has not yet been investigated in Kerala. We attempted to determine the spatial association between the occurrence of self-reported hypothyroidism and pH of ground water using the geographic information system.