Effects of marine heatwaves on primary and secondary production in macroalgae-amphipod systems.

Marine heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense as climate change progresses, with potential consequences for the functioning of marine ecosystems, particularly macroalgal beds and their associated mesoherbivores. While the direct effects of heatwaves on macroalgae have been well studied, the interactions between species at different trophic levels that affect ecosystem functioning remain underexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate how marine heatwaves affect primary and secondary productivity in marine ecosystems.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in onychomycosis management: A systematic review of clinical trials.

Objectives: Onychomycosis is a prevalent fungal nail infection often resistant to conventional antifungal therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising alternative, though its efficacy remains under investigation. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of aPDT in managing onychomycosis.

Full-Tree Biomass, Root Carbon Stock, and Nutrient Use Efficiency Across Ages in Stands Under Seedling and Coppice Systems.

The establishment of forest stands after harvest requires an understanding of biomass and nutrient dynamics to support management decisions and ensure system productivity and sustainability. This study evaluated biomass and nutrient accumulation in aged 2 to 5 years under planting and coppicing systems. A total of 1152 trees were assessed across eight treatments, combining four ages and two management systems.

Açaí residue extract as a natural antioxidant to enhance the shelf-life of beef patties.

Background: Fruit residues have shown antioxidant properties, prompting interest in their use in meat products. This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of açaí processing residue extract in beef patties stored under refrigeration for 10 days.

Results: Five treatments were tested: a control with no antioxidant (CON), a treatment with sodium erythorbate added (ERY), and three more with açaí residue extract (AR) at low (L-AR), medium (M-AR), and high (H-AR) concentrations.

Influence of thickness on color, translucency, and fluorescence of bioactive restorative materials.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of thickness on the color, translucency, and fluorescence of bioactive restorative materials.

Methods: Cylindrical specimens were prepared in 1 and 2 mm-thicknesses with bioactive materials (n= 12): bioactive composite (Activa BioACTIVE Restorative - ABR); alkasite (Cention N - CNN); glass-hybrid material (EQUIA Forte Fil - EFF); and bovine enamel/dentin - ED, as control. The color (CIELAB coordinates) of the specimens was measured using a spectrophotometer against a white and black background, and the translucency parameter (TP₀₀) was calculated.

Evaluation of bone regeneration in rat calvaria using combination of enamel matrix derivate and bone graft substitute: a histological, histometric and immunohistochemical study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the bone repair process of standardized calvaria defects in rats treated with different bone substitute materials.

Methods: Critical size bone defects with 7 mm diameter were created in the right parietal bone of forty-eight rats using a trephine burr. The animals were randomly allocated to four different experimental groups according to the materials used to fill the defect, as follow: (1) Autogenous group: defects were filled with autogenous bone; (2) Bio-Oss group: defects were filled with demineralized bovine bone mineral; (3) EMD group: defects were filled with Emdogain; and (4) EMD + Bone group: defects were filled with a combination of both Bone Ceramic and Emdogain.

Biochemical characterization of the strict anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria Tannerella forsythia by infrared micro-spectroscopy.

Tannerella forsythia is a fastidious S-layer Gram-negative, strict anaerobic, and highly pleomorphic bacterium associated with periodontal inflammatory processes, bone loss, cardiovascular mortality, systemic sequelae, sepsis, and preterm birth. One of the purposes of this study was to characterize, for the first time, Tannerella forsythia (ATCC 43037) using Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy. The analysis aimed to establish a suitable methodology for obtaining reproducible spectra for the characterization of this microorganism, as well as to assign the vibrational bands using techniques such Fourier self-deconvolution analysis (FSD) and second derivative spectral followed by Gaussian band fitting.

Pharmacologically assisted semen collection and sperm morphology assessment methods in wild six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus).

Six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus), a non-endangered species, serve as a valuable experimental model for developing assisted reproductive technologies aimed at conserving endangered species within the order Cingulata. However, limited knowledge of their reproductive biology presents a critical challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacological semen collection protocol and compare Karras-modified staining using brightfield microscopy (KA), phase contrast microscopy (PC), and differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC) for assessing sperm morphology.

The impact of sports participation on medication costs among adolescents: ABCD growth study.

The economic impact of physical activity has been extensively investigated among adults, but few studies have analyzed this issue in pediatric populations. To analyze the relationship of costs attributed to medicine use with the time spent in different intensities of physical activity and sports participation among adolescents. A sample of 92 adolescents were tracked for 28 weeks.

Antimicrobial Activity of Teat Antiseptic Formulations Based on Plant Extracts for Controlling Bovine Mastitis: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

Pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis is one of the most effective methods for reducing the incidence of mastitis. Plant extracts have proven effective in reducing microorganisms, providing a natural alternative for antisepsis, along with additional benefits for teat health. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiseptic effects of two newly formulated products, used as pre-dipping and post-dipping agents, respectively, based on plant extracts from papain (), aloe vera (), andiroba (), copaiba (), tea tree (), and barbatimão ().

The Combination of Salicylic Acid, Nicotinamide, and Proline Mitigates the Damage Caused by Salt Stress in Nasturtium ().

Salinity represents a significant challenge for agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions, affecting the growth and productivity of plants such as nasturtium (), which is valued for its ornamental, medicinal, and food uses. Salt stress disrupts biochemical, physiological, and anatomical processes, limiting plant development. This study investigated the application of attenuators, including salicylic acid, nicotinamide, and proline, to mitigate the effects of salt stress on nasturtium cultivated in a hydroponic system.

in the Food Production Chain and Azole Resistance: A Growing Concern for Consumers.

Aspergillosis is a fungal disease caused by the inhalation of spores, with being the primary causative agent. This thermotolerant fungus affects both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, posing a significant public health concern. In recent years, the detection of in food products and production environments has raised questions about its potential role as an additional route of exposure.

Cost-Effectiveness and Value of Information Analyses of Caplacizumab for the Treatment of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Brazil.

Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of caplacizumab for the treatment of patients with acquired immune thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura (iTTP) compared to standard of care from the perspective of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Methods: A decision tree followed by a Markov model with a lifetime horizon was developed. Patients entered the model with an acute iTTP event.

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of hybrids methoxynaphthalene--acylhydrazones/1,3,4-oxadiazoles.

Aims: Paracoccidioidomycosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the fungi spp. In cases of clinical manifestations involving the lung, its symptoms can be confused with tuberculosis, in addition to the possibility of patients presenting a co-infection between the two. Considering previous studies by our research group evaluating -acylhydrazones and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles containing the 4-methoxynaphthalene ring, this work proposed the synthesis of new -acylhydrazones and new 1,3,4-oxadiazoles containing the 2-methoxynaphthalene ring.

Low-iodine diet: what to eat and avoid before iodine-131 procedures?

Objective: The aim of this study was to compile a list of low-iodine foods for use in the Low-Iodine Diet (LID) to optimize the uptake of Iodine-131 by cells, which is used in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid gland disorders.

Methods: A bibliographic research was conducted focusing on the most commonly consumed foods in Brazil. Iodine quantification was derived from both national and international food composition tables, with an emphasis on sources indicating the highest concentrations of this microelement.

In vitro evaluation of the enhancement of glass ionomer cement features by using chitosan and nanodiamond.

This study investigated the influence of chitosan and nanodiamond incorporation on the surface, optical, and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement. Total 56 samples (5 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) were prepared and divided into 4 groups according to the incorporation of chitosan and nanodiamond on Fuji II glass ionomer cement: Control group: no incorporation; 10%CH group: incorporation of 10% chitosan; 10%ND group: incorporation of 10% of nanodiamond; 5%CH-5%ND group: incorporation of 5% chitosan and 5% nanodiamond (n=14). Analyses of color stability, surface roughness, fluorescence intensity, microhardness, morphology, and chemical composition were investigated.

Novel scalable synthesis of luminescent and magnetic single crystal garnets.

This letter reports a novel method for synthesizing REGaO, REAlO, and REFeO single-crystal garnets, where RE refers to rare earth elements, including Sc and Y. The garnets are crystallized upon cooling melts of heavy metal oxide glass-forming compositions containing the desired rare earth element. The novelty of this method lies in its ability to reproducibly obtain cubic single-crystal garnets doped with different rare earth elements using the same chemical route, with variations only in the melting temperature and cooling rate.

Mass spectrometry-based identification reveals the polymicrobial nature of canine urinary tract infections.

Canine urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in veterinary practice and often have a complex etiology. Typically, diagnoses rely on classical phenotypic tests or are limited to identifying the genus of the pathogen. Treatments are frequently administered without prior in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of autologous adipose-derived stem cell therapy for ulcers in patients with critical limb ischemia.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) can develop into critical limb ischemia (CLI), which is characterized by resting pain at rest, ulcerations, or gangrene, with a high risk of amputation. The optimum course of treatment at this point is arterial revascularization, although this has a significant financial cost and is not always feasible or successful in reducing pain, healing ulcers, or preventing amputations. In situations where traditional alternatives for treating PAD have been exhausted, recent developments in cell therapy may offer a viable substitute.

A novel hybrid cyanobacteria mapping approach for inland reservoirs using Sentinel-3 imagery.

Detecting and quantifying cyanobacteria algal bloom occurrence plays an important role in preventing public health risks and understanding aquatic ecosystem dynamics. Satellite remote sensing has been used as an important data source to estimate cyanobacteria biomass based on pigment concentration. Phycocyanin (PC) is a unique pigment of inland water cyanobacteria and has been widely used as a proxy for cyanobacteria algal biomass.

Understanding and predicting animal movements and distributions in the Anthropocene.

Predicting animal movements and spatial distributions is crucial for our comprehension of ecological processes and provides key evidence for conserving and managing populations, species and ecosystems. Notwithstanding considerable progress in movement ecology in recent decades, developing robust predictions for rapidly changing environments remains challenging. To accurately predict the effects of anthropogenic change, it is important to first identify the defining features of human-modified environments and their consequences on the drivers of animal movement.

Understanding the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) role in periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: A molecular perspective.

Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are chronic conditions with dysregulated immune responses. Periodontitis involves immune dysfunction and dysbiotic biofilms, leading to tissue destruction. T2DM is marked by insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, driving metabolic and tissue damage.