Understanding and predicting animal movements and distributions in the Anthropocene.

Predicting animal movements and spatial distributions is crucial for our comprehension of ecological processes and provides key evidence for conserving and managing populations, species and ecosystems. Notwithstanding considerable progress in movement ecology in recent decades, developing robust predictions for rapidly changing environments remains challenging. To accurately predict the effects of anthropogenic change, it is important to first identify the defining features of human-modified environments and their consequences on the drivers of animal movement.

Understanding the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) role in periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: A molecular perspective.

Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are chronic conditions with dysregulated immune responses. Periodontitis involves immune dysfunction and dysbiotic biofilms, leading to tissue destruction. T2DM is marked by insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, driving metabolic and tissue damage.

Use of computed tomography in the evaluation of the body condition of blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva).

Background: We aimed to evaluate the body condition score (BCS) of blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) using computed tomography scans to correlate muscle measurements with BCS and identify the primary fat deposit areas.

Methods: Forty-two blue-fronted Amazon parrots were allocated into five groups based on their BCS: 1 (very thin), 2 (thin), 3 (ideal), 4 (ideal) and 5 (obese). Muscle and fat areas were measured using computed tomography imaging.

Structural and Energetic Evidence Supports the Non-Covalent Phosphate Cyclization by the Class II Phospholipase D from .

Phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes from spider venom mediate envenomation pathology by cleaving phospholipid headgroups. We revisited the crystal structure of PLD (PDB: 3RLH) to evaluate two alternative mechanisms-covalent and non-covalent-for headgroup cleavage. The covalent mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack on the substrate's P atom by catalytic histidine, forming a phosphohistidine intermediate.

Influence of Dentin Hybridization on the Chromatic Alteration of Teeth caused by Endodontic Sealers.

This study evaluated the influence of dentin hybridization on coronary chromatic alteration of endodontically treated bovine teeth using different endodontic sealers and Portland cement. The 200 central incisors were endodontically treated using different materials (Sealapex, Bio-C Sealer, AH-Plus, Endofill, and Portland cement) and distributed according to the presence or absence of dentin hybridization. The teeth underwent colorimetric analysis using the Easyshade® spectrophotometer at four different times: determining the color of the dental substrate before root canal filling (RCF), 7 days, 60 days, and 180 days after RCF.

Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Alendronate on Bone Repair and Mineralization Around Implants in Rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term alendronate administration on bone repair and mineralization around osseointegrated implants in rats. A total of 160 female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (CTL) and the alendronate group (ALD). The ALD group received a subcutaneous injection of sodium alendronate (1 mg/kg/week), while the CTL group received weekly injections of saline solution.

Capture of gaseous and fine particulate pollutants emitted in the biomass post-combustion process.

Purpose: Emissions of gaseous pollutants, particularly carbon dioxide (CO) and particulate matter, are increasing, primarily due to anthropogenic combustion of conventional fossil fuels. These emissions drive global warming and climate change, contributing to significant environmental and health impacts. This scenario highlights the urgent need for cleaner energy solutions, prompting industries and power plants to transition rapidly to sustainable sources such as biomass.

Effectiveness and safety of three NiTi systems in endodontic retreatment of MB1 and MB2 root canals: a micro-CT and CBCT combined analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the performance in endodontic retreatment and pericervical dentin preservation using ProDesign Logic (PDL), Reciproc Blue (RB), and WaveOne Gold (WOG) NiTi systems in first (MB1) and second (MB2) mesiobuccal root canals of maxillary molars, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Materials And Methods: MB1 and MB2 canals were prepared, filled, and randomized into four groups (n = 8). MB1 were retreated using PDL up to file 40/0.

Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Pathological Complete Response in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D (VD) supplementation on the pathological complete response (pCR) rate in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 80 women aged ≥45years with BC who were eligible for NCT. Women were randomized into two groups: VD group, daily supplementation with 2,000IU of cholecalciferol ( = 40) or placebo ( = 40), for 6 months.

Forb diversity globally is harmed by nutrient enrichment but can be rescued by large mammalian herbivory.

Forbs ("wildflowers") are important contributors to grassland biodiversity but are vulnerable to environmental changes. In a factorial experiment at 94 sites on 6 continents, we test the global generality of several broad predictions: (1) Forb cover and richness decline under nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen enrichment. (2) Forb cover and richness increase under herbivory by large mammals.

Analysis of invariant spanning curves in oval billiards: A numerical approach based on Slater's theorem.

The study of billiards investigates the trajectories of particles that move freely in a region and reflect elastically at boundaries. Although there is already considerable understanding about invariant spanning curves, also known as whispering gallery orbits in the context of billiards, their determination in the phase space of the system, in addition to the analysis of their existence is still an open question. Our proposal is to present a numerical method based on Slater's theorem, capable of determining the location of these curves in phase space, as well as finding the critical parameter at which these curves are no longer observed.

Mechanisms involved in cardiovascular and hydroelectrolytic changes in dehydrated high-fat-diet-fed rats.

Obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and climate change is exacerbating water shortages, leading to dehydration. Both obesity and dehydration cause increased arterial pressure (AP), fluid electrolytic imbalance, and neuroinflammation. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the changes in the cardiovascular system, hydroelectrolytic balance, and microglia and neuronal activation in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) in response to 24 h of water deprivation (WD) and the possible mechanisms involved.

Sex differences in behavioral and neural responses induced by witnessing social defeat stress during adolescence or adulthood in mice.

Psychosocial stress can lead to emotional disorders and memory-related cognitive impairments. Evidence suggests that stress effects vary with age and sex, involving brain structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala, and hippocampus. This study hypothesized that witnessing social defeat stress (WSDS) during adolescence or adulthood would produce anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and cognitive deficits in adulthood, with outcomes affected by sex.

Oxygen Uptake Dynamics Conform to Acute Changes in Muscle Excitation and Total Hemoglobin Concentration during Constant Work Rate Exercise.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether muscle excitation during constant-work rate (WR) cycling is connected with total[Hb + Mb] and whether they interact with the oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 ) dynamics.

Methods: In experiment 1, 10 participants performed a 21-min constant-WR (CWR) within the heavy-intensity domain (i.e.

The effects of ocean warming and elevated CO on the feeding behavior and physiology of two sympatric mesograzers.

Atmospheric CO concentrations have increased significantly since pre-industrial times, leading to ocean warming and acidification. These environmental changes affect the physiology of marine organisms as they modify metabolic processes. Despite the critical role of temperature and pH in marine biology, studies of their combined effects are limited.

Repeatability and reproducibility of a tomographic method for measuring tibial torsion in dogs with medial patellar luxation.

Objective: To describe a new method for the tomographic measurement of canine tibial torsion, evaluate its repeatability and reproducibility, measure the torsion in 40 canine tibiae using both the new and traditional methods, and compare the results.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Sample Population: Tomographic study of the tibiae (n = 40) of client-owned dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL).

Can the interleukin TNF-α be used as a biomarker for pulp necrosis?

N/A.

In Vitro Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Against Mayaro Virus.

The Mayaro virus (MAYV), family, genus , has caused several sporadic outbreaks, affecting countries in the Americas. Currently, there are no licensed drugs against MAYV, requiring the search for effective antiviral compounds. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antiviral potential of polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against MAYV infection, in vitro.

Current Tick Control Strategies and Prospects for Using Nanotechnology as an Efficient Alternative-A Review.

Ticks pose significant challenges to public and veterinary health, acting as vectors of several diseases that affect animals and humans. Traditional chemical control methods, such as pyrethroids and organophosphates, have led to increasing resistance and environmental contamination, highlighting the need and urgency for alternative strategies. This review explores contemporary approaches to tick control, emphasizing plant-derived acaricides and their integration with nanotechnology.

Impact of HPV Types and Dendritic Cells on Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis' Aggressiveness.

Objective: This study assesses the associations between dendritic cells, HPV 6 and 11, and Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) aggressiveness.

Methods: The Derkay score was calculated using information obtained from the medical records. Biopsies from 36 patients with juvenile RRP (JRRP) and 43 adult RRP (ARRP) patients were analyzed under light microscopy, and their clinical data were collected.

Bisphenol A exposure alters hormonal modulation and responsivity in the prostate of aged female gerbils.

The female prostate is a gland regulated by steroid hormones for homeostasis. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor related to the progression of malignant lesions in prostate. The aim of this study was to analyze the hormonal modulation and responsiveness of the prostate of aged female gerbils previously exposed to BPA.

DNA damage, apoptosis, and serum inflammatory marker levels, but not white blood cell counts, are related to occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases during medical residency: a longitudinal study.

The objective of this longitudinal study was to jointly assess DNA damage, apoptosis, inflammatory marker levels, and white blood cell (WBC) counts in physicians occupationally exposed to inhalation anesthetics during specializations. Thus, we aimed to identify a possible cause-effect relationship between occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases (WAGs), which were measured, and genotoxic, cytotoxic, and immunotoxic effects. Nineteen medical residents were evaluated at four time points: before entering medical residency (baseline) and at the beginning, middle, and end of medical residency.

A recursive method to find the extreme and superstable curves in the parameter space of dissipative one-dimensional mappings.

This paper presents a recursive method for identifying extreme and superstable curves in the parameter space of dissipative one-dimensional maps. The method begins by constructing an Archimedean spiral with a constant arc length. Subsequently, it identifies extreme and superstable curves by calculating an observable ψ.