Diosgenin-loaded Silver Nanoparticles: Dual Protective Role and Enhanced Radiosensitivity against ENU-induced Leukemia and γ-irradiation-induced Liver Toxicity.

Introduction: Leukemia and radiation-induced liver toxicity are significant health challenges requiring effective therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and radiosensitizing effects of Diosgenin-loaded silver nanoparticles (Dio-AgNPs) in ENU-induced leukemic mice, with a focus on their dual role in mitigating leukemia progression and γ-irradiation-induced hepatotoxicity.

Methods: Dio-AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and encapsulation efficiency analysis.

Grafting of Resveratrol-Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Promising Radiosensitizer and Protector in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Mice.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic stilbene derivative found in grapes, red wine, and other plants, possesses anti-cancer properties. Various studies have reported the potential of different nanomaterials to act as radiosensitizers against tumor cells.

Enhancing safety and comfort in a microbiology teaching laboratory: a case study.

Laboratory safety is a critical priority in educational institutions, particularly in microbiology laboratories where infectious disease diagnosis requires strict protocols. Contaminated personnel can unknowingly transmit pathogens beyond the laboratory, posing public health risks. This study explores strategies to enhance safety in a microbiology laboratory at an Egyptian university.

Dapagliflozin Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain and Cognitive Abnormalities in Rats: Modulation of AKT/GSK-3β and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathways.

Cognitive impairments are frequently observed in cancer survivors who received chemotherapy based on doxorubicin (DOX), attributable to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the apoptotic effect of DOX. Dapagliflozin (DAPA) has gained significant attention attributable to its powerful anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic characteristics. The present investigation seeks to assess the possible neuroprotective properties of DAPA in alleviating neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction caused by DOX.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure disrupts brain redox-inflammatory-epigenetic axis and impairs PI3K/Akt survival pathway in male offspring.

Widespread use of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) raises concerns about potential health risks, particularly following maternal exposure during critical developmental windows. The impact of exposure on offspring brain development remains unclear. The work aims to investigate the neurodevelopmental consequences of maternal ZnO NP exposure during gestation, lactation, or both periods in male rat offspring.

Methylene Blue Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via KEAP1/NRF2/GPX-4/Caspase3 Modulation.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is a potent anthracycline antitumor drug whose clinical utility is significantly restricted by its dose-dependent, cumulative cardiotoxicity, driven by increased oxidative stress, impaired antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis-mediated cardiomyocyte loss. Methylene blue (MB), a phenothiazine derivative with well-documented redox-modulating properties, is being explored as a viable cardioprotective agent due to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. This study evaluated the protective role of MB against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by examining its impact on oxidative stress markers (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; KEAP1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; NRF2, Glutathione peroxidase 4; GPX-4, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; 8-OHdG), neurohormonal indicators (noradrenaline), cardiac injury biomarkers (troponin I), and apoptotic mediators (p53, Caspase-3).

Knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of breast self-examination among female university students in three Arab countries: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Breast Cancer (BC) is a significant leading cause of death among women. With an estimated 2.1 million new cases annually, it represents the most prevalent malignancy affecting women worldwide.

Proteus mirabilis in ICU Patients: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Future Expectations of Bloodstream Infections.

Background is an emerging but under-recognized cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in intensive care unit (ICU) settings, where invasive procedures and immunocompromised states increase vulnerability. Despite its clinical importance, the epidemiology and risk factors associated with BSIs remain poorly understood, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Gap Most existing studies generalize Gram-negative pathogens without isolating the specific impact of in ICU populations.

Voriconazole Loaded Spanlastics: Design, Formulation, Optimization, and Randomized Controlled Clinical Insights for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Therapy.

Voriconazole, a potent antifungal agent, has emerged as a promising candidate for managing vulvovaginal candidiasis. The market availability of voriconazole as tablets or injections, along with potential side effects, highlights the need for a successful alternative delivery system. Through comprehensive experimental design, voriconazole-loaded spanlastics were developed using a 3-factorial design.

Optimizing antithrombotic therapy following mitral valve repair: a comprehensive network meta-analysis.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) presents either as primary or secondary, with options for surgical or transcatheter repair. Thromboembolic risks following surgery are significant despite the use of antithrombotic medications, and guidelines for postoperative anticoagulation therapy lack consistency. This systematic review aims to compare antithrombotic medications after mitral valve repair (MVR).

GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease: an updated comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis.

Previous studies have demonstrated an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as more severe and rapid motor and non-motor deterioration in diabetic PD patients compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. Additional research has suggested that diabetic subjects treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists exhibit a reduced incidence of PD compared to those receiving other anti-diabetic medications. GLP-1 receptor agonists are FDA-approved therapies for T2DM, and recent studies have explored their potential as repurposed treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, AD, and ALS, as well as cerebrovascular disorders.

Correction: Formulation of zein nanoparticles for augmenting the anti-inflammatory activity of dexketoprofen.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.

From diabetes to dopamine: Evaluating the disease-modifying potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials.

Background: While current therapies address symptom management, there is an unmet need for disease-modifying treatments in Parkinson's disease (PD). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), initially developed for diabetes, have shown neuroprotective properties.

Aim: To assess the disease-modifying potential and safety of GLP-1 RAs in PD.

Acceptance of AI-Powered Chatbots Among Physiotherapy Students: International Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence-powered chatbots (AI-PCs) are increasingly integrated into educational settings, including health care disciplines. Despite their potential to enhance learning, limited research has investigated physiotherapy (PT) students' acceptance of this technology.

Objective: This study aims to assess undergraduate PT students' acceptance of AI-PCs and to identify personal, academic, and technological factors influencing their acceptance.

Intramedullary nailing with and without cerclage in subtrochanteric fractures: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is the gold standard for femoral subtrochanteric fractures (FSF) treatment due to their biomechanical advantages and minimally invasive nature. However, achieving proper reduction remains challenging in unstable patterns, leading to poor outcomes. Cerclage wiring, used alongside IMN, has shown potential in improving fracture stability and alignment, yet concerns regarding soft tissue damage persist.

Vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy versus bismuth-based therapy for eradication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: infection can cause peptic ulcer disease, chronic gastritis, primary gastric lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Treatment with bismuth-based quadruple therapy is typically the first line of treatment but can be challenging due to increased pill burden and adverse effects, leading to nonadherence to therapy. Recent studies have shown that vonoprazan can be used in combination with amoxicillin as a potential treatment option.

Dual-platform integration of HPTLC and firefly algorithm-optimized chemometrics with hammersley sequence sampling for simultaneous quantification of bisoprolol, amlodipine, and mutagenic impurity 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

The simultaneous quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients alongside their mutagenic impurities represents a critical challenge in pharmaceutical quality control. This study presents the first multicolor analytical platform for concurrent determination of bisoprolol fumarate (BIP), amlodipine besylate (AML), and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBZ), a Class 3 mutagenic impurity in BIP requiring strict regulatory monitoring. Two complementary methodologies were developed: high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-densitometry and Firefly Algorithm-optimized partial least squares (FA-PLS) spectrophotometry, both aligned with green analytical chemistry (GAC) and white analytical chemistry (WAC) principles.

Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment.

Background: Automated insulin delivery showed better results than standard insulin therapy, such as MDI. Therefore, we aimed to discuss the efficacy of Control IQ hybrid closed loop (HCL) during the daytime and nighttime for the type 1 diabetic population without restriction in age group or disease severity.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and related article citations.

Advanced screen-printed electrode functionalized ZnO/CNTs for the electrochemical analysis of opioid drug pethidine co administered with paracetamol: application in dosage form and human plasma sample.

Synthetic opioids such as pethidine (PTD) have a high potential for addiction but are widely used in clinical settings to manage pain before and after surgical procedures. Combinations of pethidine (PTD) with paracetamol (PCM) are frequently prescribed for the treatment of severe and chronic pain. In this study, an eco-friendly voltammetric sensor based on a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles functionalized with carbon nanotubes (ZnO/CNTs) was developed and employed.

Investigating the possible role of toxoplasmosis and Interleukin-1β variants on the immune response in Egyptian diabetic patients.

The study assesses toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, identifies the potential risk factors, and examines IL-1β expression levels and polymorphisms in those infected with T. gondii. One hundred healthy controls and 200 diabetic patients participated in the study.

Tenecteplase versus alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Stroke was the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide in 2019. Alteplase is an FDA-approved medication for the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke within 4.5 h.

Gastroprotective effect of Arabincoside B isolated from Caralluma arabica against ethanol-induced gastric injury via modulating oxidative stress/SP/NK-1R/NF-κB loop.

Gastric ulcer is a common gastrointestinal condition. Arabincoside B (AR-B), a pregnane glycoside isolated from the aerial parts of Caralluma arabica, shows multiple pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective therapeutic effects of AR-B in ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats.

Modeling and simulation of optical wireless communication channels in IoUT considering water types turbulence and transmitter selection.

The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is revolutionizing underwater communication by enabling real-time data exchange, environmental monitoring, and exploration in aquatic environments. Among emerging technologies, optical wireless communication (OWC) has gained prominence due to its high-speed data rates and superior efficiency compared to traditional acoustic and radio frequency (RF) methods. This paper presents a comprehensive study of OWC channel modeling and simulation tailored for IoUT applications.

Curcumin supplementation improves the clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) significantly contribute to global mortality, especially in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), necessitating effective preventive strategies. Curcumin is proposed to lower blood pressure, glucose level, and improve lipid profiles as an adjunctive treatment. The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of Curcumin supplementation on clinical outcomes and ASCVD risk of T2DM patients.

Endoscopic Full-thickness Resection Versus Submucosal Tunnel Endoscopic Resection for Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs), including neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions, often require resection when symptomatic or when they possess malignant potential. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) and submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection (STER) are minimally invasive techniques used for resecting these lesions. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of EFTR and STER in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal (GI) lesions.