Sweetness Ratings of U.S. Infant Formulas.

: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration sets nutritional standards for infant formulas.

Halloysite/polyaniline Nanocomposites for Enhanced Actinide Sorption.

Extracting radionuclides from natural and anthropogenic sources addresses two challenges: remediating contaminated environments and enabling the separation of technologically important isotopes. Understanding how actinides interact and form complexes with polymer-based ligands allows the development of efficient extractants for selective remediation, supporting sustainable environmental protection and resource recovery strategies. Here, we report on the structure and actinide sorption properties of eco-friendly hybrid nanocomposite systems based on the natural mineral halloysite and multifunctional conjugated polymers.

Complementary Molecular Passivation of Multiple Surface Defects for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

A complementary passivation strategy employing the simultaneous use of phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI) and ethylhydrazinoacetate hydrochloride (EHACl) is developed to mitigate multiple surface defects in perovskite films. PEAI mainly aims at vacancy defects and tends to induce quasi-2D/3D interface reconstruction, while rich Lewis base sites within EHACl enable it to selectively passivate Lewis acid defects such as undercoordinated Pb⁺. Advanced nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations based on large supercell slabs of FAPbI surface directly correlate the surface chemical interactions with nonradiative carrier lifetimes.

Glassy Carbon Fiber-like Multielectrode Arrays for Neurochemical Sensing and Electrophysiology Recording.

Real-time measurement of neurochemical and electrophysiological activities in the living brain is vital for advancing neuroscience and understanding neurological and psychiatric disorders. Carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFEs) have been widely utilized for electrochemical detection due to their subcellular size, biocompatibility, and desirable electrochemical properties, and arrays of CFEs have demonstrated excellent multi-site chronic sensing of dopamine (DA) and neural activity recording capabilities. However, manual fabrication of CFE arrays lacks reproducibility and batch production capacity.

Deep learning framework for interpretable supply chain forecasting using SOM ANN and SHAP.

Contemporary supply chain networks in the context of the era of Industry 4.0 are becoming more erratic and complex, and have an influx of structured and unstructured data. Conventional practices of supply chain management (SCM) cannot overcome real-time uncertainties, and it is time to orient the SCM toward AI-guided predictive modeling.

Prospects and Challenges of Proton Conducting Cerates in Electrochemical Hydrogen Devices for Clean Energy Systems: A Review.

The growing demand for green energy and global concern about environmental issues raise the demand for alternative, environmentally friendly energy sources. Electrochemical hydrogen devices are widely investigated as a potential solution for clean and renewable energy. Proton-conducting oxides (PCOs) used as an electrolyte are required in electrochemical devices to transport protons.

Cellulose-Based Nanofibers in Wound Dressing.

Wound dressings have a significant role in managing trauma-related injuries, chronic lacerations, as well as post-operative complications, by preventing infections and promoting tissue regeneration. Conventional methods using sutures and gauze often pose constraints in healing effectiveness and cost. Emerging materials, particularly cellulose-based nanofibers, offer a favorable choice due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and structural similarity to the extracellular matrix.

Collaborative research efforts benefit both Primarily Undergraduate Institution faculty and students and a biotechnology company in reproducibility project.

Undergraduate students often have limited access to industry-focused research opportunities. To address this, faculty and students from 10 primarily undergraduate institutions collaborated with Sampling Human, a biotechnology company, to test a biocytometry workflow for single-cell analysis. The project engaged 15 students with varying levels of research experience and demonstrated that prior research expertise was not essential for successfully using the workflow.

Compressed sensing in concrete pipes with elastic waves.

This paper presents compressed sensing (CS) for non-destructive characterization of concrete pipes utilizing elastic guided waves. In the conventional multichannel analysis of surface wave method (MASW), unknown geometric and elastic properties of a pipe are estimated by mathematically inverting dispersion curves measured over the pipe. While this is a well-established technique, several practical challenges exists during implementation.

A freely available gel electrophoresis laboratory manual and course materials.

A laboratory manual and supporting material have been developed that use 14 different problems to illustrate basic gel electrophoresis concepts and to reinforce the scientific method. This material is appropriate for those interested in science in general or biology in particular and was specifically designed for implementation at the second-year level at a 4-year university or at a technical college. In order to maximize reliability, all labs use an inexpensive size standard, and most use a simple gel preparation protocol.

Aptamer-Functionalized Platform for Selective Bacterial Isolation and Rapid RNA Purification Using Capture Pins.

Efficient bacterial lysis and RNA purification are essential for molecular diagnostics and biosensing applications. This study presents a piezoelectric platform integrated with gold-plated RNA capture pins (RCPs) functionalized with synthetic oligonucleotides to extract and enrich 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The 3D-printed device enables selective bacterial capture using -specific aptamers and incorporates a piezoelectric transducer operating at 60 kHz to facilitate bacterial cell wall disruption.

Effects of Citric Acid, Synbiotic, and Probiotic Supplementation Through Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Carcass Yield, and Blood Biochemistry of Broiler Chickens.

A study was undertaken to investigate the effects of non-antibiotic additives-citric acid, synbiotics, and probiotics-administered through drinking water on broiler growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood biochemical profiles. A total of 400 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups: Control; no additives administered (CON); Citric acid @2.5 g/L water (CA); Synbiotic @0.

Observation of tt[over ¯] Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Top-quark pair production is observed in lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS detector. The data sample was recorded in 2015 and 2018, amounting to an integrated luminosity of 1.

An Exploratory Study on Subject-Specific Throwing Arm Strength Responses to a Novel Intra-Abdominal Pressure Belt Worn by Collegiate Baseball Pitchers.

Throwing arm injuries in baseball are related to throwing arm weakness. This case study investigated potential arm strength improvements owed to wearing a specialized intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) to prime arm strength prior to simulated competition. The randomized study design involving 13 collegiate pitchers who threw 3 bullpens of 40 pitches with visual encouragement through an LED-integrated radar gun unit wearing their typical belt, an IAP belt at regular length, and the IAP belt with 2 in cinch.

Search for Dark Matter Produced in Association with a Dark Higgs Boson in the bb[over ¯] Final State Using pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

A search is performed for dark matter particles produced in association with a resonantly produced pair of b-quarks with 30 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The role of shyness in cyberbullying perpetration: a moderated mediation model of relative deprivation, anger rumination, and Internet morality.

Although the relationship between shyness and aggression has been well established, whether shyness is associated with cyberbullying perpetration and its underlying mechanisms has been unclear. Guided by the General Aggression Model (GAM), this study proposed that shyness, as a personal trait, is related to cyberbullying perpetration through cognitive and emotional processes. Specifically, we developed a moderated mediation model to examine the mediating roles of relative deprivation and anger rumination, as well as the moderating role of Internet morality, in the relationship between shyness and cyberbullying.

Laboratory course development and implementation fostering teaching assistant growth.

STEM teaching assistants (TAs) are vital resources at the university level and are responsible for teaching most undergraduate laboratory courses. TAs are expected to navigate the complex interaction of personal confidence, course goals, varied student preparedness, and instructor supervision while delivering a quality educational experience. These variables combine to create an exceptionally prepared professional, a quick exit from the STEM field, or a capable individual in need of additional training.

Multiple-Channel Funnel Adapted Sensing Tube (MFAST) for the Simple and Duplex Detection of Parasites.

Leishmaniasis poses a significant global health threat, infecting millions of people annually, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Timely and accurate detection of the species is crucial for effective treatment and control of this debilitating disease. This study introduces the multi-channel funnel adapted sensing tube (MFAST) chip, a simple diagnostic tool designed for the rapid detection of .

Enhancing Cisplatin Delivery via Liposomal Nanoparticles for Oral Cancer Treatment.

Investigating the impact of liposomal Cisplatin on oral cancer cell line seeks to optimize drug delivery efficiency, decrease systemic toxicity, and amplify cytotoxicity specifically against malignant cells. Cisplatin was encapsulated within liposomal nanoparticles through thin-film hydration and extrusion methodologies. The physical and chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including zeta potential, size, drug load, and polydispersity index (PDI), were examined to evaluate their properties.

The Emerging Role of Halloysite Clay Nanotube Formulations in Cosmetics and Topical Drug Delivery.

Natural halloysite clay nanotubes with a 50 nm diameter and a 15 nm inner lumen have recently been explored for numerous medical applications. Due to the tubular morphology and biocompatibility of halloysite, this material can serve as a suitable container for drugs and proteins, allowing their controlled and sustained release over a period ranging from days to weeks. The discovery that it is possible to load a halloysite clay nanotube's inner lumen cavity with a bioactive species has prompted its consideration for pharmaceutical and cosmetic utilization.

Batch-fabricated full glassy carbon fibers for real-time tonic and phasic dopamine detection.

Dopamine (DA) is a critical neurotransmitter that is key in regulating motor functions, motivation, and reward-related behavior. Measuring both tonic (baseline, steady-state) and phasic (rapid, burst-like) DA release is essential for elucidating the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, which are associated with dysregulated tonic and phasic DA signaling. Carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFEs) are considered the gold standard for measuring rapid neurotransmitter changes due to their small size (5-10 µm), biocompatibility, flexibility, and excellent electrochemical properties.

An Inferential Investigation Into Countermovement Jump Determinants of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers.

Background: Countermovement jump (CMJ) analyses can predict ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries in professional baseball pitchers, yet a biomechanical determinant linking CMJ analytics to UCL sprains is unknown.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate CMJ parameters in collegiate pitchers with high and low elbow varus torque (EVT) and investigate multilinear regression relationships between CMJ and EVT kinetics. It was hypothesized that pitchers with greater EVT would have greater CMJ measures, and CMJ kinetics would explain the variance in EVT kinetics.

Comparative proteomic profiling of glioblastoma and healthy brain cell-derived extracellular vesicles reveals enrichment of cancer-associated proteins.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-mediated cellular communication plays a role in cancer development and progression. This study focuses on identifying glioblastoma-specific EV protein markers through a comparative mass spectrometry bottom-up proteomic analysis of the LN-229 cell line and human neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial brain cells (HEBCs) using timsTOF Pro 2 instrument. The statistically significant upregulated proteins with fold change greater than 2 in the glioblastoma-derived EVs were clustered based on physical and functional interactions using the STRING database and analyzed using Gene Ontology enrichment.