Production, Biochemical Characterization, and Application of Laccase from Halophilic MLK46 Recovered from Mangrove Rhizosphere.

Laccase production was evaluated in 108 fungal isolates recovered from the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, a critical element in environmental biodegradation and biotransformation. The most active isolate was identified as MLK46 (GenBank accession no. PQ100161).

A mechanically resilient soft hydrogel improves drug delivery for treating post-traumatic osteoarthritis in physically active joints.

Intra-articular delivery of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) is likely to be most effective in the early stages of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), when symptoms are minimal, and patients remain physically active. To ensure effective therapy, DMOAD delivery systems therefore must withstand repeated mechanical loading without altering the kinetics of drug release. While soft materials are typically preferred for DMOAD delivery, mechanical loading can compromise their structural integrity and disrupt controlled drug release.

Effectiveness of a Novel Liposomal Methylglyoxal-Tobramycin Formulation in Reducing Biofilm Formation and Bacterial Adhesion.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria presents a significant global health threat. Liposomal antibiotics have shown a potential to improve antibiotic delivery and efficacy. This study aimed to develop liposomes encapsulating tobramycin (TOB) and methylglyoxal (MGO) to enhance TOB activity while reducing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation.

Increased Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier in a Diabetic Mouse Model ( Mice).

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is linked to multiple complications, including cognitive impairment, and the prevalence of memory-related neurodegenerative diseases is higher in T2DM patients. One possible theory is the alteration of the microvascular and macrovascular environment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we employed different approaches, including RT-PCR, functional pharmacokinetic studies using sodium fluorescein (NaFL), and confocal microscopy, to characterize the functional and molecular integrity of the BBB in a T2DM animal model, leptin receptor-deficient mutant mice ( mice).

RETRACTED: Alhakamy et al. Optimized Ellagic Acid-Ca Pectinate Floating Beads for Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats. 2020, , 1006.

The journal retracts the article, "Optimized Ellagic Acid-Ca Pectinate Floating Beads for Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats" [...

Unleashing the power of artificial intelligence for diagnosing and treating infectious diseases: A comprehensive review.

Infectious diseases present a global challenge, requiring accurate diagnosis, effective treatments, and preventive measures. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for analysing complex molecular data and improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases. Computer-aided detection (CAD) using convolutional neural networks (CNN) has gained prominence for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) and other infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, and viral pneumonia.

Insights from the molecular docking analysis of SGLT2 and FIMH to combat uropathogenicity.

SGLT2 inhibitors are a novel class of FDA approved anti-diabetes drugs. They act by blocking the SGLT2 protein, which prevents glucose reabsorption, leading in enhance glucose excretion and lower blood glucose levels. In diabetic patients, SGLT2 inhibitors have been linked to urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Screening for chitin degrading bacteria in the environment of Saudi Arabia and characterization of the most potent chitinase from Streptomyces variabilis Am1.

Forty-six promising chitinolytic isolates were recovered during a screening for chitinolytic bacteria in the environment of Saudi Arabia. The top three isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Streptomyces variabilis Am1 was able to excrete the highest amount of chitinases, reaching the maximum at 84 h with 0.

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Cancer Treatment: A Future Direction.

Gene editing, especially with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9), has advanced gene function science. Gene editing's rapid advancement has increased its medical/clinical value. Due to its great specificity and efficiency, CRISPR/Cas9 can accurately and swiftly screen the whole genome.

Omics Approaches in Drug Development against Leishmaniasis: Current Scenario and Future Prospects.

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease transmitted in humans by the bite of -infected phlebotomine sandflies. Each year approximately 58,500 cases of leishmaniasis are diagnosed across the globe, with a mortality rate of nearly seven percent. There are over 20 parasitic strains of which are known to cause distinct types of leishmaniasis and pose an endemic threat to humans worldwide.

Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness, Antibiotics Prescription Errors and Dispensing Patterns by Community Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Antibiotic overuse and misuse have greatly facilitated the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the countries that took a strategic approach, beginning with the prohibition of over-the-counter antibiotic dispensing, followed by the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs and various educational and awareness governmental activities and plans. However, the status of antibiotic prescriptions and dispensing in Saudi community pharmacies is still unclear.

Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

As medical science and technology progress towards the era of "big data", a multi-dimensional dataset pertaining to medical diagnosis and treatment is becoming accessible for mathematical modelling. However, these datasets are frequently inconsistent, noisy, and often characterized by a significant degree of redundancy. Thus, extensive data processing is widely advised to clean the dataset before feeding it into the mathematical model.

Identification and Characterization of Plasmids and Genes from Carbapenemase-Producing in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia.

() is involved in several hospital and community-acquired infections. The prevalence of -producing-carbapenemase (KPC) resistance genes rapidly increases and threatens public health worldwide. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic resistance level of isolates from Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia, during the Islamic 'Umrah' ritual and to identify the plasmid types, presence of genes associated with carbapenem hydrolyzing enzymes, and virulence factors.

Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae Strain AH2, Isolated from Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus).

This work describes the draft genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae strain AH2, which was isolated from moribund farmed hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus) in Saudi Arabia. The draft genome is composed of a single chromosome of 2,104,071 bp, with a GC content of 35.7%.

Global Prevalence of Colistin Resistance in from Bloodstream Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Among gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of healthcare-related infection. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae are notorious for being difficult to treat due to resistance to commonly used antimicrobials. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from bloodstream infections are becoming increasingly resistant to carbapenems.

Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications of Environmental and Climatic Influences on Neurotransmitters and Neuronal Hormones Activities.

Neurodegenerative and neuronal-related diseases are major public health concerns. Human vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) increases with age. Neuronal hormones and neurotransmitters are major determinant factors regulating brain structure and functions.

Recent advances in mitochondrial diseases: From molecular insights to therapeutic perspectives.

Mitochondria are double-membraned cytoplasmic organelles that are responsible for the production of energy in eukaryotic cells. The process is completed through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by the respiratory chain (RC) in mitochondria. Thousands of mitochondria may be present in each cell, depending on the function of that cell.

Fascin is essential for mammary gland lactogenesis.

Fascin expression has commonly been observed in certain subtypes of breast cancer, where its expression is associated with poor clinical outcome. However, its role in normal mammary gland development has not been elucidated. Here, we used a fascin knockout mouse model to assess its role in normal mammary gland morphogenesis and lactation.

Development of a Curcumin-Loaded Lecithin/Chitosan Nanoparticle Utilizing a Box-Behnken Design of Experiment: Formulation Design and Influence of Process Parameters.

Curcumin (CUR) has impressive pharmacologic properties, including cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity. However, the pharmaceutical application of CUR is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. The development of novel formulations has attracted considerable attention to the idea of applying nanobiotechnology to improve the therapeutic efficacy of these challenging compounds.

Reply to Zandi, M.; Soltani, S. Comment on "Alfassam et al. Development of a Colorimetric Tool for SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Viruses Detection Using Sialic Acid Fabricated Gold Nanoparticles. 2021, , 502".

When COVID-19 was first announced back in 2019, there were vast number of attempts to halt the progression of the SARS-CoV-2 virus once and for all [...

Silver Nanoparticle-Based Combinations with Antimicrobial Agents against Antimicrobial-Resistant Clinical Isolates.

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria along with the limited development of antimicrobials warrant investigating novel antimicrobial modalities. Emerging inorganic engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), most notably silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have demonstrated superior antimicrobial properties. However, AgNPs, particularly those of small size, could exert overt toxicity to mammalian cells.

Regulation of Host Immune Response against Proteins via Computational mRNA Vaccine Design through Transcriptional Modification.

is mainly responsible for sepsis, urethritis, and respiratory tract infections. These bacteria may affect the transcription of the host and particularly their immune system by producing changes in their epigenetics. In the present study, four proteins of were used to predict the epitopes for the construction of an mRNA vaccine against infections.

Dynamic cytosolic foci of DPPA4 in human pluripotent stem cells.

DPPA4 is essential for the pluripotent stem cell state, yet its function is poorly understood. DPPA4 is localized in the nucleus, where it is associated with active chromatin. We now report that it is also present in the cytosol, where it appears as diffused clouds, distinct foci and sometimes as spaghetti-like structures.

Enhanced silver nanoparticle-induced pulmonary inflammation in a metabolic syndrome mouse model and resolvin D1 treatment.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) exacerbates susceptibility to inhalation exposures such as particulate air pollution, however, the mechanisms responsible remain unelucidated. Previously, we determined a MetS mouse model exhibited exacerbated pulmonary inflammation 24 h following AgNP exposure compared to a healthy mouse model. This enhanced response corresponded with reduction of distinct resolution mediators.