Stem cell therapy: a promising frontier in modern medicine with a comprehensive overview of their biology and potential therapeutic applications in chronic non-healing cutaneous injuries.

Chronic wounds represent significant challenges to the healthcare system. Their incidence increases with increase in age, especially in individuals suffering from chronic disorders like diabetes. The process of wound healing consists of a series of coordinated biological events triggered by tissue damage, ultimately leading to the repair and restoration of damaged tissues.

[Sex and age characteristics of stroke risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Objective: To analyze the sex and age characteristics of modifiable risk factors for stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Material And Methods: The single-center study included 476 patients with T2DM with a mean age of 58 years [36; 79]. The patients were divided into groups by sex and age.

[Results of the international multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the sequential therapy with ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate in patients in the acute and early recovery periods of ischemic stroke (MIR)].

Objective: Evaluation of the comparative efficacy and safety of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate therapy with Mexidol, solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration, 50 mg/ml, and Mexidol FORTE 250, film-coated tablets, 250 mg, during their sequential use in patients in the acute and early recovery periods of ischemic stroke (IS) compared to placebo.

Material And Methods: The clinical trial was conducted as a prospective international multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group trial. Data from the randomized patients in the acute and early recovery periods of ischemic stroke were collected at 4 visits.

[Results of the implementation of reperfusion technologies in ischemic stroke].

Introduction: Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a serious medical and social issue due to its high prevalence, mortality, and resulting disability. Reperfusion therapy is an effective method of treating patients with IS.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the results of implementation of reperfusion technologies for the treatment of IS in the Russian Federation.

[Experience in the application of ultrasound indices for assessing the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases].

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound (US) parameters and indices for assessing the active inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).

Materials And Methods: The study included 115 patients with IBD, 41 (36%) patients were with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 74 (64%) - with Crohn's disease (CD). Transabdominal US examination of the intestine was performed on Sonoscape S2N, with a bowel wall thickness (BWT) of 3 mm considered the norm.

Genetic Factors of Elite Wrestling Status: A Multi-Ethnic Comparative Study.

Background: In recent years, comprehensive analyses using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) have been conducted to identify genetic factors related to athletic performance. In this study, we investigated the association between genetic variants and elite wrestling status across multiple ethnic groups using a genome-wide genotyping approach.

Methods: This study included 168 elite wrestlers (64 Japanese, 67 Turkish, and 36 Russian), all of whom had competed in international tournaments, including the Olympic Games.

Differentiating Positional Isomers of the 2-(Dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)ethanamine Series: A Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Approach.

Synthetic derivatives of phenylethanamine, specifically 2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-((2-substituted)benzyl)ethanamines, regularly appear on the global market of new designer drugs and have been reported to be associated with adverse effects in humans who consume them. At the same time, their positional isomers may lack psychoactive effects. These compounds are not currently regulated by legislation and could potentially be used for medical purposes in the future.

Exogenous nanomolar zinc ion (Zn) as a negative modulator of neuromuscular transmission via presynaptic mechanism in mouse diaphragm.

Zinc (Zn) is the second most abundant trace element after iron, with most of it is stored in skeletal muscles. Although a large part of Zn is tightly bound to metalloproteins, the small portion of free Zn can participate in nerve signaling. Here we examined the effects of Zn at nanomolar concentrations on neuromuscular transmission in the diaphragm, the main respiratory muscle.

Large-scale GWAS of strabismus identifies risk loci and provides support for a link with maternal smoking.

Strabismus is a common pediatric eye misalignment and has complex genetic and environmental causes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) encountered difficulties in identifying strabismus risk variants due to heterogeneity and small samples. We performed large meta-analyses of 11 European-ancestry GWAS (7 sources), analysing broad strabismus (20,464 cases, 954,921 controls) and subtypes (esotropia/exotropia).

The Prevalence of Infection in the Adult Population of Russia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of this study is to assess the dynamics of infection prevalence among adults in Russia. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, RSCI, and Google Scholar for studies published between 1985 and 27 February 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251011643).

[Multivisceral surgeries with pancreatoduodenectomy for gastric cancer: immediate and long-term results].

Objective: To study the immediate and long-term results of multivisceral surgeries with pancreaticoduodenectomy for gastric cancer.

Material And Methods: The 1 group included 24 patients who underwent multivisceral surgeries with pancreaticoduodenectomy for gastric cancer with pancreatic head and/or duodenum invasion. The 2 group included 60 patients with gastric cancer who underwent partial resection of the pancreatic head and/or duodenum rather pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Efficacy and safety of ebopiprant to delay preterm birth after oral administration in pregnant women with spontaneous preterm labor receiving atosiban: a phase 2a, double-blind, parallel group, randomized, placebo-controlled, proof of concept study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of ebopiprant (OBE022), a novel, oral and selective prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) receptor antagonist, to delay spontaneous preterm labor.

Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study (NCT03369262) was conducted between January 2019 and March 2020 in large referral maternity hospitals across Czech Republic, Finland, Israel, Russia, Spain, and Vietnam. Enrolled participants had spontaneous preterm labor at a gestational age of 24-34 weeks, with ≥4 contractions/30 min, cervical dilatation of 1-4 cm, and ≥1 other sign of preterm labor (cervical length ≤25 mm, progressive cervical change, or a positive test [insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 or fetal fibronectin] for preterm labor).

Recovering Immunogenic N Protein from Pellets of Recombinant .

(1) Background: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) remains a prevalent zoonosis in Eurasia. (PUUV), carried by bank voles (), is the principal zoonotic pathogen of HFRS in this region. Despite ongoing efforts to develop effective drugs and vaccines against PUUV, this challenge remains.

Genetic Variants Linked with the Concentration of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin Correlate with Uterine Fibroid Risk.

In this study we searched for correlations between polymorphic variants that determine sex hormone-binding globulin concentration (SHBG) and uterine fibroids (UFs). The work was performed on a sample of 1542 women (569 with UFs and 973 without UFs [control]), from whom we obtained experimental data on the distribution of nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting the SHBG (data confirmed in genome-wide association studies [GWASs]). When searching for associations with UFs, both the independent effects of SNPs and the effects of their SNP-SNP interactions (SNP-SNP) were taken into account during the "deep study" of the functionality of seven important UF loci and 115 strongly linked [r ≥ 0.

[Clinical case: functional and aesthetic rehabilitation after tooth injury].

In the practice of a dentist, there are often contentious situations where it is necessary to choose a treatment strategy that provides the greatest benefit while minimizing costs for the patient. In extreme cases, when a patient presents with a nearly complete loss of the crown, even an experienced clinician may question the feasibility of preserving the tooth. This article presents a clinical case of comprehensive treatment of a patient using the concept of tooth extrusion-turbo-extrusion-in an aesthetically important area, employing orthodontic materials, followed by endodontic retreatment, preparation, and fixation of a ceramic prosthesis.

[THE REGIONAL TRENDS IN NATALITY AND MORBIDITY OF POPULATION: CHARACTERISTICS OF PRE- AND POST-COVID PERIODS].

The issue of national demographic well-being of population is the most actual task in the national state programs of social economic development and security. The tools implementing these tasks at state level are the current Concept of Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and in perspective up to 2036" and also a number of other normative legal acts. The study of regional characteristics permits to identify specifics of demographic problems and to develop targeted measures considering local conditions and needs of population.

Large MAF transcription factors reawaken evolutionarily dormant fast-glycolytic type IIb myofibers in human skeletal muscle.

Background: Small mammals such as mice rely on type IIb myofibers, which express the fast-contracting myosin heavy chain isoform Myh4, to achieve rapid movements. In contrast, larger mammals, including humans, have lost MYH4 expression. Thus, they favor slower-contracting myofiber types.

Narrative review on bacteria-derived metabolites in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.

SUMMARYThe pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is heterogeneous; the causes are considered to be external factors such as stress, infections, antibiotics, and other medications, diet, and intrinsic factors such as genetic predisposition. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze data on intestinal flora and bacteria-derived metabolites in inflammatory bowel diseases and ulcerative colitis in particular. The main focus is on proteolytic, saccharolytic, mucin-degrading, and bile acid-metabolizing bacteria.

Impairment of P2 Receptor-Mediated Modulation of Skeletal Muscle Contractions in Transgenic Mice with Modeled Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

We studied the effects of ATP on skeletal muscle contractility in FUS-transgenic mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) model. Mechanomyography showed that ATP application did not increase the amplitude of electrically induced contractions of the diaphragm muscle, m. extensor digitorum longus, and soleus muscle in FUS-transgenic mice unlike wild-type mice.

Multi-phase, multi-ethnic GWAS uncovers putative loci in predisposition to elite sprint and power performance, health and disease.

The genetic underpinnings of elite sprint and power performance remain largely elusive. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with this complex trait as well as to understand their functional implications in elite sprint and power performance. We conducted a multi-phase genome-wide association study (GWAS) in world-class sprint and power athletes of West African and East Asian ancestry and their geographically matched controls.

Role of Serotonin, Membrane Transporter, and 5-HT2 Receptors in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation in Immature Heterozygous Low-Density Lipoprotein-Receptor-Deficient Mice.

Familial hypercholesterolemia leads to the early development of cardiovascular diseases at a young age due to the prolonged exposure of the arterial vessel wall to high concentrations of atherogenic lipids. Serotonin plays a significant role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic processes. Monoamine has a damaging effect on the vascular wall, stimulates the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, and participates in platelet activation and aggregation.

Fostering innovation and advancement in evidence-based practice and guidelines within the field of pediatrics: The 2024 BRIGHT declaration.

The first Better evidence and RecommendatIons for the next Generation HealTh-BRIGHT symposium was held in Chongqing, China between June 21 and 23, 2024. The symposium did not only showcase the recent progress made by multidisciplinary teams in generating and translating evidence for children's healthcare, guideline development and evaluation, and the utilization of AI applications in pediatrics but also fostered transnational and transregional cooperation to promote the advancement of high-quality evidence and guidelines in this field. The symposium contributed significantly to the future development and transformation of research endeavors in pediatrics.

Dietary habits and salivary cortisol levels as an early predictor of metabolic syndrome in children: a case-control study.

Introduction: Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is an essential factor in developing metabolic syndrome. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis increases cortisol levels, which is associated with increased abdominal body fat accumulation, triglyceride storage in the adipose cell, insulin resistance, and development of hypertension.

Aim: To understand the relationship between dietary habits, salivary cortisol levels and metabolic syndrome in children.

[Late complications and quality of life after multivisceral surgeries with pancreatoduodenectomy].

Objective: To investigate late complications after (PD) as a part of multivisceral surgeries (MVS) and the impact of these interventions on the quality of life.

Material And Methods: Analysis of complications in long-term postoperative period included 776 patients (233 cases of MVS with PD (main group) and 543 cases of standard PD (comparison group)). Analysis of the quality of life included 58 patients from the main group and 67 patients from the comparison group.