Toluquinol modulates and circadian rhythm in lung cancer cells: Implications for circadian medicine.

Lung cancer remains one of the most fatal cancers, with cigarette smoke (CS) exposure being a major risk factor due to its role in triggering oxidative stress. Disruption of circadian rhythms, increasingly common in modern lifestyles, has also been linked to cancer progression. Targeting both oxidative imbalance and circadian disruption may offer a more effective therapeutic approach.

Ingestible biosensors for monitoring digestive health and nutritional monitoring.

Ingestible biosensors represent a transformative advancement in the field of personalized health monitoring, offering real-time insights into digestive health and nutritional status. These innovative devices, designed to travel through the gastrointestinal tract, are equipped with miniaturized sensors capable of detecting and analysing key biomarkers related to digestion and nutrient absorption. By providing continuous, non-invasive monitoring, ingestible biosensors enable early detection of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, personalized dietary adjustments, and enhanced understanding of gut microbiota dynamics.

Technologies and emerging trends in wearable biosensing.

This chapter examines advancements and future trajectories in wearable biosensing technologies, a multidisciplinary field encompassing healthcare, materials science, and information technology. Wearable biosensors are revolutionizing real-time physiological and biochemical monitoring with applications in personalized health monitoring, disease diagnosis, fitness, and therapeutic interventions. In addition to Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless connectivity technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and 5G, which facilitate transparent remote monitoring and data exchange, other notable innovations such as machine learning and artificial intelligence enhance real-time processing of data, predictive analytics, and personalized healthcare solutions.

Bacterial exopolysaccharides and live biotherapeutics: Orchestrating immune modulation and therapeutic potential in the gut microbiome era.

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are emerging as critical effector molecules orchestrating host immunity. Their remarkable structural diversity, driven by variations in monosaccharide composition, charge, and glycosidic linkages, dictates potent immunomodulatory functions through specific interactions with host pattern recognition receptors (CLRs, TLRs), triggering defined cellular responses and cytokine profiles, often with minimal toxicity. Beyond direct immune effects, EPS shape the gut environment by fortifying barrier integrity and acting as prebiotics.

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant and associated factors from surgical ward inpatients at Shaafi Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Objectives: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) causes severe infections with high mortality rates and health care costs. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MRSA and its associated factors among patients with wound infections at Shaafi Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Methods: Wound swabs were collected from 418 patients with surgical wounds and cultured on Mannitol salt agar.

Advances in the Application of Three-Dimensional Reconstruction in Thoracic Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.

This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and clinical applications of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology in thoracic surgery, with a focus on lung cancer surgery. The widespread adoption of chest computed tomography (CT) screening has increased the detection rates of early-stage lung cancers, facilitating a transition from traditional lobectomy to parenchymal-sparing sublobar resections, such as segmentectomy, which demand higher anatomical precision. 3D reconstruction technology significantly improves tumor localization, as well as vascular and bronchial visualization, thereby enhancing surgical accuracy and safety.

Altered Ground Reaction Force and Dynamic Stability During a Single-Leg Stabilization Task in Female Athletes With Lateral Ankle Sprain History and Dysfunctional Breathing Patterns.

Context: Female athletes frequently experience lateral ankle sprains (LAS) during unilateral jump-landing activities and face a significant risk of recurrent ankle injury. LAS has been associated with reduced diaphragm contractility and altered breathing mechanics. The diaphragm and breathing mechanics are crucial for mitigating landing impact, which is typically impaired in individuals with LAS.

Unlocking deep relaxation: the power of rhythmic breathing on brain rhythms.

The pandemic has exacerbated mental health issues across the world. The limited availability of mental health professionals is preventing many from seeking help, which highlights the need for easily available mental health care routines like yoga, breathing, and meditation. A breath-based meditation technique known as Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) harnesses the power of breath to induce deep relaxation and makes meditation easier for beginners and has proven beneficial across multiple conditions, including depression, anxiety, and hypertension.

Pioneering 3D and 4D Bioprinting Strategies for Advanced Wound Management: From Design to Healing.

Chronic and complex wounds pose a major clinical challenge due to the intricate skin architecture and the multifactorial nature of healing. Conventional wound care often fails to restore native skin function and structure. Advances in 3D and 4D bioprinting have transformed wound management by enabling customized, biomimetic skin substitutes that enhance healing.

Acute effects of continuous and interval cycling on salivary SIgA and anti-microbial peptide secretions: a randomized crossover trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the acute effects of continuous and interval cycling on salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and anti-microbial peptides.

Methods: In a randomized crossover trial, 12 healthy young untrained men (22 ± 1 years) performed two exercise patterns: continuous exercise (CE) for 20-min cycling load equivalent to 70% maximal oxygen uptake (V·O) and interval exercise (IE) for 20-min cycling exercise, with five sets of 2 min at 50% V·O and five sets of 2 min at 90% V·O. Saliva samples were collected at baseline and post-0 min and post-30 min after exercise.

Wearable biosensors for autoimmune disorders.

Millions of people are affected worldwide by autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis and others, whose immune attacks also do not occur in a straightforward or stable manner. Dynamic changes of disease progression and treatment efficacy are not regularly monitored or diagnosed using conventional diagnostic and monitoring techniques. Wearable biosensors (WBS) provide a transformational solution for continuous, minimally invasive biomarker monitoring including cytokines, autoantibodies and acute phase proteins.

Next-generation biosensors for infectious disease surveillance: Innovations, challenges, and global health impact.

Recent advances in next-generation biosensors are transforming on how infectious diseases are monitored and offering rapid, real-time, highly sensitive detection of pathogens. Emerging platforms such as wearable, ingestible, and implantable biosensors are enabling continuous health tracking and facilitating early diagnosis, which is critical in managing outbreaks and preventing disease progression. Innovations in nanotechnology, electrochemical sensing, and machine learning are further enhancing the precision, scalability, and affordability of these tools.

Advances in materials for wearable biosensors.

Wearable biosensors have emerged as transformative instruments for continuous, non-invasive health monitoring, providing real-time analysis of biomarkers in biofluids such as sweat, interstitial fluid, and saliva. This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role of biomaterials in the design and functionality of wearable biosensors. It examines the selection criteria for biocompatible materials, emphasizing properties such as flexibility, stretchability, conductivity, and long-term stability.

Introduction to emerging biosensing technologies.

Wearable biosensors offer real-time, non-invasive monitoring of vital physiological and biochemical signals, transforming the landscape of personalized healthcare. This chapter outlines the components and the ideal requirements for usability, such as flexibility, comfort, and biocompatibility. They are employed in diverse applications such as chronic disease management, including diabetes, respiratory conditions, neurological disorders, cancer detection, infectious disease tracking, and stress monitoring.

miR‑145 and miR‑23b co‑transfection decreases proliferation, migration, invasion and protein levels of c‑MYC, ZEB1 and ABCB1 in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines.

MicroRNAs (miRs) are non‑coding RNAs that prevent the translation of mRNAs. miRs participate in cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration and invasion, acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a decrease in tumor suppressor miRs, such as miR‑145 and miR‑23b, regulates the mRNAs of oncogenic proteins.

A single intake of flavanol-rich cocoa improves inhibitory executive process under cognitive fatigue during aerobic exercise in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Rationale: Although cognitive fatigue commonly occurs during sports, effective strategies to improve it during exercise have not been established.

Objectives: This study determined whether high-cocoa flavanol (HCF) consumption improves reaction time and inhibitory executive function impairments during prolonged cognitive load combined with aerobic exercise.

Methods: In this randomized crossover study, 18 healthy males (22 ± 2 years) participated in both low-cocoa flavanol (LCF) and HCF trials.

Plantar intrinsic foot muscle activity and its relationship with postural sway during single-legged and bipedal tiptoe standing in ballet dancers.

During tiptoe standing, especially with the single-legged support, the foot joints in ballet dancers are heavily loaded. Thus, the activity of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs), which stabilize the foot joints, may be important in reducing postural sway during tiptoe standing. We compared PIFM activity during single-legged and bipedal tiptoe standing and examined its relationship to postural sway in dancers.

Cellular nitro-oxidative burden and survival through regulated cell death in the plants.

Throughout the life of a plant, generations of different forms of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are derived as a by-product of metabolic events. The quantum of ROS and RNS becomes higher once a plant encounters a perturbed situation either through biotic or abiotic factor. As each of reactive species is harmful to the cells beyond certain optimal level, it requires a mechanism to detoxify RONS induced cellular toxicity.

Optimization analysis of air cooled open cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel structure.

The cathode channel of air-cooled open-cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell (AO-PEMFC) is both a reactant supply channel and a cooling and heat dissipation channel, and its structural design is a key factor affecting its output performance. Firstly, the numerical study of AO-PEMFC with different cathode channel bending angles was carried out, and the results showed that the output performance of a single cell with a cathode bending angle of 2.5° was improved by 3.

Artificial intelligence driven 3D reconstruction for enhanced lung surgery planning.

The increasing complexity of lung surgeries necessitates the need for enhanced imaging support to improve the precision and efficiency of preoperative planning. Despite the promise of 3D reconstruction, clinical adoption remains limited due to time constraints and insufficient validation. To address this, we evaluate an artificial intelligence-driven 3D reconstruction system for pulmonary vessels and bronchi in a retrospective, multi-center multi-reader multi-case study.

Portrayal of the complex molecular landscape of multidrug resistance in gastric cancer: Unveiling the potential targets.

Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive malignancy among all Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) types. Worldwide, among all cancer types, gastric cancer incidence and related mortality remain in fifth position. Multidrug resistance (MDR) in GC presents a major challenge to chemotherapy, and it significantly affects patient survival.

Mechanistic Study of the Deuterium Effect in Chromatographic Separation for Chemical-Tagging Metabolomics and Its Application to Biomarker Discovery in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.

Over the past decade, numerous metabolomics techniques have been developed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). These methodologies have yielded significant findings and facilitated the identification of biomarkers. Among these, chemical-tagging methodologies combined with isotope surrogate tags have garnered considerable attention as a leading approach.

Electrochemical β-lactamase immunostrip sensor with 3D hydrogel-paper scaffold for rapid detection & post-antibiotic therapy monitoring in drug-resistant bloodstream infections.

Background: The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial bloodstream infections, particularly those caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), presents a critical global healthcare challenge. Current diagnostic methods often lack the speed and sensitivity necessary for timely antibiotic interventions, leading to poor patient outcomes and increased resistance due to misuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Existing platforms rarely combine rapid detection, low detection limits, and real-time therapy monitoring, leaving a crucial gap in effective infection management.

Conversion Reaction of Stable-Isotope Oxygen Labeling of Carboxylic Acids for Accurate Screening LC-MS/MS Assay: Application of Behavioral Changes of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Sports Athletes under Exercise Loading.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have attracted considerable interest as potential biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and nutritional factors in athletic training. SCFAs are typically produced by the intestinal microbiome and exhibit various structural forms, including linear- and branched-chain types. In particular, branched-chain SCFAs have been associated with muscle metabolism during exercise loading.