Pemigatinib for Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with Rearrangement.

Background: Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 rearrangements (MLN-) are associated with poor prognosis. They are caused by chromosome 8p11 rearrangements that result in fusion genes and constitutive FGFR1 activation. We report on a phase 2 study, in which there were no concurrent control patients, termed FIGHT-203, in which we evaluated the FGFR1-3 inhibitor, pemigatinib, for the treatment of MLN-.

Ten-year survival rates by PSA nadir in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: long-term survival analysis from the ECOG-ACRIN 3805 (CHAARTED) trial.

Background: The CHAARTED trial investigated the long-term survival of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with or without docetaxel (D). This analysis focuses on 10-year overall survival (OS) stratified by disease volume and on-therapy PSA levels at 6 months.

Methods: OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method from randomization to death or last known alive date.

A capsular polysaccharide from a healthy human microbiota member activates a Lag-3-NK cell axis to restrain colon cancer and augment immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing globally, making identification of preventative measures necessary. Transplantation of the microbiota from CRC and non-CRC patients into mice demonstrates that non-diseased individuals possess organisms that reduce tumor formation and highlights Bacteriodes uniformis as protective. B.

Molecular and epigenetic oncogenesis in synovial sarcoma: implications for cancer biology, diagnosis and treatment.

The SS18::SSX oncogene is the driver of synovial sarcoma, an aggressive cancer presenting in young adults that has poor long-term outcomes. Over the past five years, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular, genomic, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying synovial sarcoma. This review synthesizes recent advancements in synovial sarcoma, including diagnostic pathology, genomic profiling, SS18::SSX biology, epigenetic dysregulation, proteomics, targetable pathways and immunotherapy.

The impact of social determinants of health on outcomes of brexucabtagene autoleucel in adults with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) is a chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy approved for adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We studied the impact of social determinants of health (SDoH) on outcomes of adults with B-ALL receiving brexu-cel. This retrospective analysis included adults (≥18 years) with R/R B-ALL treated with brexu-cel between 2021 and 2023.

Evaluation and characterization of the extracellular matrix in salivary gland tumors through histochemistry and second harmonic generation.

Objective: To describe extracellular matrix (ECM) components in salivary gland tumors with and without myoepithelial differentiation.

Design: Five cases of each tumor type were analyzed: pleomorphic adenoma, myoepithelioma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, and salivary duct carcinoma. Histochemical stains identified collagen fibers, elastin, proteoglycans (PG), and glycosaminoglycans (GAG).

Both sides of the bell curve: Base rates of high and low scores in cognitively unimpaired and impaired older adults and their relationship to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: To further investigate the "other side of the bell curve" hypothesis, the current study examined the number of low and high scores on a neuropsychological battery: 1) in cognitively unimpaired or impaired older adults, 2) as they relate to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 3) as they relate to traditional scores on this battery.

Method: In 68 cognitively unimpaired and 97 cognitively impaired participant, the number of low (i.e.

Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists With Cancer Risk in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: The real-world evidence on the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and cancer risk remains limited and mixed.

Methods: In 2013-2020 national Medicare claims data, we included cancer-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We identified those who initiated GLP-1 RA, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) and conducted 1:1 propensity score matching for confounding adjustment.

Management of Adverse Reactions to Loncastuximab in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the world. Treatment options for relapsed DLBCL in the third line and beyond include chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies, and loncastuximab tesirine (loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl [Lonca]), each with unique toxicity profiles. There is still an unmet need for guidance on managing Lonca-associated adverse events (AEs), particularly for oncologists who have limited experience with this antibody-drug conjugate.

Tattooing and risk of melanoma: a population-based case-control study in Utah.

Background: Tattooing can deliver carcinogens directly into the skin and cause immunologic responses, yet the relationship between tattooing and melanoma risk is unknown.

Methods: In a population-based case-control study with 1,167 melanoma cases (566 in situ; 601 invasive) and 5,835 frequency-matched controls, we examined tattooing and melanoma risk using multivariable logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: While ever receiving a tattoo was not strongly associated with melanoma risk, heavier tattooing exposure was associated with decreased risk.

Statin Use in Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer in the TITAN and SPARTAN Trials.

Importance: The impact of statins on overall survival (OS) in patients with prostate cancer treated using intensified therapy with apalutamide is not fully understood.

Objective: To determine whether statin exposure was associated with OS and grade 3 or greater cardiac adverse events (AEs) in patients treated with apalutamide.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used individual patient data from 2 multicenter phase 3 randomized clinical trials, SPARTAN (October 14, 2013, to December 15, 2016) and TITAN (December 15, 2015, to July 25, 2017).

Variation at the R181 residue of p53 confers loss of p53 DNA binding cooperativity with the retention of mitochondrial-associated apoptosis.

The p53 tumor suppressor binds DNA cooperatively as a tetramer, mediated by salt-bridge interactions between p53 residues E180 and R181. Variants at the R181 residue are one of the most identified pathogenic variants by germline genetic testing. We show that families with p.

Genes associated with genetic and rare lung diseases and the risk of lung cancer.

Background: We investigated whether markers, genes or terms of the associated with genetic or rare diseases (GARDs) that affect airway or lung function are associated with lung cancer.

Methods: Genes of interest were extracted from , , and Monarch Initiative. Individual SNP, gene level and gene-set analyses were performed for 52,207 SNPs, 1,677 genes or for 620 terms of the .

Phase 1/2 study of H3B-6545 in women with locally advanced/metastatic estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.

Background: Although endocrine therapies, alone or in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors, have led to notable improvements in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, progression is inevitable for most patients. We report dose escalation and expansion data from a trial of H3B-6545 (a novel selective ER covalent antagonist that inactivates wild-type and mutant ERα) in women with locally advanced/metastatic ER+, HER2-negative breast cancer (BC).

Methods: This study was a multicenter, open-label, phase 1/2 trial.

Digital divides in telehealth accessibility for cancer care in the United States.

Telehealth has been promoted as a solution to spatial healthcare access barriers, yet its role in addressing cancer care disparities remains uncertain, particularly in the context of digital divides in broadband availability and affordability. This study assessed spatial and telehealth accessibility to cancer care across 33,499 ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTA) in the United States using the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) and two-step virtual catchment area (2SVCA) methods, respectively. Incorporating physician locations, cancer incidence, travel time based on transportation networks, and broadband coverage and subscription rates, we found that accessibility declined from urban to rural areas and was lower in ZCTA with greater socioeconomic deprivation.

Integrated molecular and clinical characterization of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, aggressive lung tumor marked by significant molecular heterogeneity. In a study of 590 patients across two independent cohorts, we observe comparable overall survival across treatment regimens (chemotherapy, chemoimmunotherapy, immunotherapy) without unexpected adverse events. Genomic analysis identifies distinct non-small cell lung cancer-like (NSCLC-like, KEAP1, KRAS, STK11 mutations) and SCLC-like (RB1, TP53 mutations) LCNEC subtypes, with 80% aligning with SCLC transcriptional profiles.

The Role of Liquid Biopsy in the Management of Patients with Genitourinary Malignancies.

Background And Objective: Liquid biopsy testing refers to the use of specific analytical methods to detect disease-related biomarkers in blood or its components. These tests can be either qualitative or quantitative. Liquid biopsy testing is increasingly used in patient care.

When two plus four does not equal six: Combining computational and functional evidence to classify BRCA1 key domain missense substitutions.

Classification of genetic variants remains an obstacle to realizing the full potential of clinical genetic sequencing. Because of their ability to interrogate large numbers of variants, multiplexed assays of variant effect and computational tools are viewed as a critical part of the solution to variant classification uncertainty. However, the (joint) performance of these assays and tools on novel variants has not been established.

Feedback on Adapting Interventions for AYA Cancer Survivors' and Caregivers' Psychological Distress, Symptom Management, and Health Care Use.

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience higher burdens of negative psychological outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety, and stress) of cancer compared to older survivors and caregivers.

Real-World Prevalence and Outcomes of Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Treated with C5 Inhibitors in the US: A Retrospective Claims Database Analysis.

Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare blood disorder with C5 inhibitors (C5i), eculizumab and ravulizumab, being part of current treatment options.

Objectives: To estimate the 5-year prevalence of PNH and describe the healthcare resource utilization and direct healthcare costs associated with C5i among commercially insured patients with PNH treated with C5i in the US.

Methods: The 5-year prevalence of adults with PNH in IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus was estimated (2018-2022).

CHAT-S Study Protocol: A randomized controlled trial of a health insurance literacy education program for young adult cancer survivors.

Background: Health insurance education could mitigate financial toxicity experienced by young adult (YA) cancer survivors by increasing confidence when navigating cancer care costs. This paper describes the protocol in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test a virtual patient navigation program designed to help YA cancer survivors understand their health insurance.

Methods: This is a two-arm, multi-site (Huntsman Cancer Institute, Intermountain Health) RCT wherein intervention participants receive four sessions with a patient navigator (PN) and a booklet on insurance; usual care receives the booklet.