Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions.

Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v_{2}) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (p_{T}) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively.

A Highly Effective Biomimetic Method for Simultaneously Enhancing the Stability and Functionality of Merocyanine Photoacids.

Merocyanine photoacids (MCHs) have found applications in chemical, material, energy, and biomedical areas, and are currently being investigated for industrial applications. Hydrolysis, relatively high dark acidity, and moderate solubility in water are the major concerns for their practical applications. Inspired by the structure of the cell membrane, we incorporated the most commonly used MCH into sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles.

Super-Resolution MR Spectroscopic Imaging via Diffusion Models for Tumor Metabolism Mapping.

High-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) plays a crucial role in characterizing tumor metabolism and guiding clinical decisions for glioma patients. However, due to inherently low metabolite concentrations and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) limitations, MRSI data are often acquired at low spatial resolution, hindering accurate visualization of tumor heterogeneity and margins. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning framework based on conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic models for super-resolution reconstruction of MRSI, with a particular focus on mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gliomas.

A Statistical Summary and Visualization Tool for a 30-year Background Soil and Sediment Metals Data from North Carolina Superfund Sites.

The remediation of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act or Superfund sites is limited to cleanup to levels no lower than background concentrations. However, both anthropogenically induced and naturally occurring metal concentrations in soil and sediments often complicate this cleanup process. To support informed decisions on heavy metal cleanup and the development of soil heavy metal-related policies in North Carolina, a statewide dataset of background heavy metal data from Superfund site investigations was compiled.

AMPK alters proteasome phosphorylation status and prevents persistent proteasome condensates.

Proteasomes are large multiprotein complexes required for selective intracellular protein degradation, regulating numerous cellular processes and maintaining protein homeostasis and organismal health. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under different glucose conditions, proteasomes undergo dynamic phase transitions between free and condensate states concomitant with nucleocytoplasmic translocation. Low glucose-induced cytoplasmic proteasome condensates are usually reversible but become persistent in the absence of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

Does escaping a war zone feel worse than being there? War and coping by Ukrainian civilians in Ukraine and Poland.

Objective: While the factors facilitating and compromising stress coping by civilians in an active war zone and those who have fled it are critical to the experiences of trauma, they are underexplored, which the current article aims to address.

Method: Between March 23 and May 15, 2023, 122 Ukraine-based and 132 Poland-based Ukrainian participants completed a survey measuring different aspects of trauma, social beliefs, and coping.

Results: Compared to the war zone civilians, the Poland-based refugees scored significantly higher in terms of and While no differences between them were found in terms of other factors, regression and structural equation model analyses suggest that the general well-being was compromised in both samples by lower higher , lower and higher did not play a role.

Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for a heavy neutral spin-1 gauge boson (Z^{'}) with nonuniversal fermion couplings produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to tau leptons or W bosons is presented. The analysis is performed using LHC data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected from 2016 to 2018 with the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are consistent with the standard model predictions.

Ecological legacies and recent footprints of the Amazon's Lost City.

Once considered pristine forests, the mid-elevational forests of the eastern Andean flank are now known to have long histories of human occupation. Past habitations, such as the 'Lost City of the Amazon' in the Upano Valley of eastern Ecuador, were societally and temporally complex with sophisticated cultures emerging, flourishing, and disappearing. The cultures of the Upano Valley transformed local ecosystems, but whether lasting ecological changes from those activities persist in modern forests is not known.

Monte Carlo Gradient Boosted Trees for Cancer Staging: A Machine Learning Approach.

Machine learning algorithms are commonly employed for classification and interpretation of high-dimensional data. The classification task is often broken down into two separate procedures, and different methods are applied to achieve accurate results and produce interpretable outcomes. First, an effective subset of high-dimensional features must be extracted and then the selected subset will be used to train a classifier.

Understanding coronary bypass grafts from mechanical constitutive models to machine learning: A review.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, primarily resulting from the narrowing or blockage of blood vessels. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common surgical intervention that restores blood flow to the heart by using alternative vessels as grafts. Although saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) are frequently utilized in these procedures, they are prone to re-occlusion within 10 years, largely due to intimal hyperplasia and the development of atherosclerosis.

Provider's attitudes towards telehealth and parenting interventions during COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory cross-sectional study from Brazil and Mexico.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges for mental health providers all over the world, since they had to abruptly change from in person assistance to remote meetings. The adverse effects from social isolation were critical in Latinx populations such as Brazil and Mexico, since these countries faced a great amount of social, health, and economic burden during the pandemic, which affected families' access to care and increased inappropriate parenting practices.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the impacts of adapting parenting interventions to online sessions for Brazilian and Mexican providers, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Measuring Blink-Related Brainwaves Using Low-Density Electroencephalography with Textile Electrodes for Real-World Applications.

: Electroencephalography (EEG) systems based on textile electrodes are increasingly being developed to address the need for more wearable sensor systems for brain function monitoring. Blink-related oscillations (BROs) are a new measure of brain function that corresponds to brainwave responses occurring after spontaneous blinking, and indexes neural processes as the brain evaluates new visual information appearing after eye re-opening. Prior studies have reported BRO utility as both a clinical and non-clinical biomarker of cognition, but no study has demonstrated BRO measurement using textile-based EEG devices that facilitate user comfort for real-world applications.

Systematic design of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents by VEGA, COSMO-RS, and experiments for efficient removal of Saxitoxin and brevetoxin from water.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their associated neurotoxins, Brevetoxin (PbTx3) and Saxitoxin (STX), pose significant environmental, economic, and public health challenges. This study investigated the design of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDES) as a green and sustainable alternative for the simultaneous removal of PbTx3 and STX from contaminated water. An initial systematic screening of 8556 potential HDES combinations was conducted using Virtual models for property Evaluation of chemicals within a Global Architecture (VEGA) evaluations and quantum chemical modeling via the Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS).

The Effect of Red Attire on Sentencing in Criminal Cases.

The present study attempts to understand if there is a bias towards a specific color of jumpsuit worn by criminal defendants; precisely, if red, when worn by violent criminals, convinces a jury of their guilt before the trial is over. Participants ( = 822) were assigned to one of six conditions in a 3 (color of jumpsuit: red, black, white) × 2 (gender: male and female) factorial design where they read a criminal case and were asked to provide a recommended sentence. Participants also completed the Belief in Just World Scale (BJW) and the Revised Legal Attitudes Questionnaire (RLAQ).

Productivity Billing in Mental Health Agencies: Ethical Considerations.

An unavoidable piece of the American healthcare system that is often overlooked concerns billing and payment in community mental health agencies. Practitioners are faced with ethical dilemmas surrounding productivity billing that require their ability to strike a delicate balance between efficiency and providing quality care. In line with the American Psychological Association's Ethical Principals of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (2017), this paper examines ethical issues for mental health agencies and managers employing productivity-driven billing practices and reviews the impact these models have on practitioners and their clients.

Regulation of Behavior Analysis in 15 Countries of Latin America: Assessing the Challenges and Opportunities for Implementation of the Science.

Behavior analysis is an emerging field of practice across the world. However, a lack of global standardization has led to disparities in the quality and scope of practice in different countries. In Latin America, the field of behavior analysis is still relatively new, and the issue of regulation has been a significant challenge for professionals seeking to establish and expand their practice.

Finite Element Analysis of Ocular Impact Forces and Potential Complications in Pickleball-Related Eye Injuries.

Pickleball, the fastest-growing sport in the United States, has seen a rapid increase in participation across all age groups, particularly among older adults. However, the sport introduces specific risks for ocular injuries due to the unique dynamics of gameplay and the physical properties of the pickleball. This study aims to explore the mechanisms of pickleball-related eye injuries, utilizing finite element modeling (FEM) to simulate ocular trauma and better understand injury mechanisms.

Ca Stabilized by Carborate Anions: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity.

The syntheses of calcium carborates, Ca[HexCBCl], 1, Ca[HCBCl], 2, and Ca[MeCBCl]·2(o-DFB), 3·2(o-DFB), (o-DFB = 1,2-difluorobenzene) including the structure of 2·4(o-DFB) are described. The large size of the Ca cation is reflected by the coordination geometry with the Ca center being coordinated by three Cl donors from each of the carborate anions and one F donor from each of the two coordinated solvent molecules. Based on B NMR and DOSY NMR studies, the salts 1, 2 and 2·2(o-DFB) form close ion pairs in PhBr and o-DFB solutions.

Tibial Mechanoadaptation in Male Mice is Modularised and Retained in Aging.

Background: The murine tibia is a remarkable bone in which to study mechanoadaptive responses. Studies into age-related shifts in these responses do not, however, fully explain sex-specific bone architectural changes related to age. Here, we generate data from male subjects to evaluate whether load-induced skeletal responses are modularised and age-related.

A qualitative analysis of a culturally adapted PCIT training for black and latine clinicians: creating communities for providers of autistic youth.

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is a widely known evidenced-based treatment (EBT) that has been used with Latine, Black, and neurodiverse children to improve the parent-child relationship and reduce challenging behaviors. Although considerable efforts have been made to disseminate PCIT to the wider community, fewer strides have been made to reach Black and Latine families in underserved communities-especially for families with neurodiverse children. One method to bridge the service gap for Black and Latine families is to train Black and Latine clinicians who primarily serve Black and Latine communities.

Assessing the impact of UV-C exposure on pre-existing cultured marine diatom biofilms.

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) has been considered as a potential tool in the maintenance and prevention of marine biofouling. However, it is unclear how irradiation disturbs biofouling, specifically biofilms, or the duration and frequency needed to reduce or eliminate their growth. The marine diatom, , was used in a two-part lab study to determine the minimum time between UV-C duty cycling (also known as interval testing) that would result in the reduction and prevention of marine biofilms.

Effects of music on vocal stereotypy and task engagement.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder commonly exhibit vocal stereotypy, and this behavior may be targeted for treatment when it competes with daily tasks, disrupts the environment, or leads to reduced independence. Previous research has shown that access to music reduces vocal stereotypy. However, treatment evaluations typically occur during play or low-stimulation conditions; therefore, the effectiveness and compatibility of music with daily tasks are less known.

Finite element analysis of asymmetrical retinal hemorrhages in shaken baby syndrome.

Background: Despite the common association between bilateral retinal hemorrhage and shaken baby syndrome (SBS), unilateral retinal hemorrhage does not necessarily exclude this diagnosis. This study used computational simulations to elucidate the biomechanical phenomena within the eye under asymmetrical shaking forces.

Methods: Finite element analysis (FEA) incorporating the vitreous, vitreoretinal interface, retinal layers, and retinal vessels was performed under asymmetrical shaking conditions.

Physical phantom validation of clustering-initiated factorization in dynamic PET.

Background: Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) enables the quantification of physiological parameters of radiotracers employed in the investigation of neuropsychiatric disorders. We previously introduced a factor analysis-based algorithm, Cluster-Initialized Factor Analysis (CIFA), designed to overcome the problem of specifying reference regions. CIFA is capable of automatically extracting distinct radiotracer binding distributions across many modalities based on the differences in tracer dynamics, and thus can distinguish regions of specific- and non-specific binding without requiring prior segmentation.

Genetic insight into tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) and whiprays (Brevitrygon sp.) in Sri Lanka.

Marine predators often function as sentinel species, the first organisms to be impacted when a habitat is disturbed, and directly contribute to ecosystem health by maintaining physical connections between distal habitats. Elasmobranch fishes (sharks and rays) are common predators in most aquatic systems, but over the past 50 years, elasmobranch abundance has dropped > 70% from overfishing and climate change. Further, many populations throughout the world are known to be Data Deficient, confounding management decisions.