Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation With Radiculopathy in South Korea.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with radiculopathy, tailored to South Korean clinical settings.

Methods: The guideline development process used followed the evidence-based medicine principles. Literature searches were conducted across databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, Embase, and KoreaMed, using predefined search strategies.

Nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategies for chronic liver diseases: Advances and insights.

The liver is pivotal in protein synthesis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and detoxification. However, the liver is susceptible to both acute and chronic disorders, with chronic conditions being fatal. Chronic liver diseases (CLDs), such as liver fibrosis, which usually represents the early manifestation of cirrhosis, primarily result from hepatitis B and C viruses infections, metabolic disorders, alcohol abuse, immune-mediated attacks, and cholestatic injury.

Association Between Age and Endovascular Treatment Outcomes: Binational Registry of 9934 EVT Cases From Korea and Taiwan.

Background: As populations age, there is an increasing need to optimize endovascular treatment (EVT) and to understand country-specific differences in East Asia. We harmonized stroke registries from Korea and Taiwan to enable comparisons of patient characteristics and outcomes, with a particular focus on the impact of age.

Methods: Multicenter prospective stroke registries in Korea (CRCS-K [Clinical Research Collaboration for Stroke in Korea]) and Taiwan (TREAT-AIS [Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke]) were harmonized to form a unified data set of patients undergoing EVT.

The role of Uro-Vaxom in reducing infectious adverse effects and improving outcomes in bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Purpose: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation is a cornerstone treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) but is frequently associated with significant local and systemic adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Uro-Vaxom (UVX) on BCG-related infectious adverse events and oncologic outcomes in patients with NMIBC.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 251 NMIBC patients who underwent BCG induction therapy following transurethral resection of bladder tumors at a single institution.

Restoration of Oxacillin susceptibility in MRSA strains by NPPB.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a critical public health issue because of its resistance to multiple antibiotics, including β-lactams such as methicillin and oxacillin. To search for antibacterial sensitizers, we have investigated the synergistic antibacterial effects of the combination of the β-lactam antibiotic oxacillin and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) against the MRSA strains. Checkerboard assays showed the synergistic antibacterial efficacy of NPPB combined with oxacillin against five MRSA strains.

A Phase II Study of Daratumumab in Combination with Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Who Received One Prior Line of Therapy (KMM1906).

Purpose: Daratumumab combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone (DVd) has been established as the standard treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) based on pivotal phase 3 trials. A subgroup analysis demonstrated enhanced efficacy in the second-line setting, although the fixed duration of bortezomib administration remained a limitation. Therefore, we conducted a phase II trial evaluating continuous bortezomib as maintenance in a DVd regimen for second-line treatment.

Local enhancement of cationic charge density via polyamine side chain incorporation improves the selectivity of antimicrobial peptoids.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat to global health, necessitating the development of new therapeutics. Peptoids are synthetic analogs of peptides with an N-substituted glycine backbone and have been investigated for antimicrobial therapeutic applications due to their resistance to proteolysis and tunable structures. This study explores antimicrobial peptoids functionalized with polyamine side chains, leveraging the cationic nature of polyamines to enhance interactions with bacterial membranes.

Differentiating Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder Using Serum Biomarkers.

This study aimed to differentiate subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD) using 14 serum biomarkers across 6 functional systems. We analyzed serum biomarkers in 993 MDD patients, categorized into melancholic (N = 157; 16.8%), atypical (N = 56; 6.

Therapeutic effects of miR-937-3p by targeting NTN1 expression and regulating apoptosis in an Aβ-induced neuronal cell death.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have multiple functions that regulate gene expression in various species. Few studies have explored the effects of miRNAs on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the potential neuroprotective effects of miRNAs on AD, particularly by targeting neuronal markers, remain unclear. In this study, we suggested potential neuroprotective roles for miR-937-3p in an in vitro AD model, which has not been extensively studied.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diagnosis and Non-Surgical Treatment of Primary Frozen Shoulder.

Objective: Primary frozen shoulder causes significant pain and progressively restricts shoulder movements. Diagnosis is primarily clinically based on patient history and physical examination. Management is mainly non-invasive owing to its self-limiting clinical course.

2025 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism is a condition marked by excessive thyroid hormone production, most commonly due to Graves' disease. Treatment options include antithyroid drugs (ATD), radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, and thyroidectomy. To develop standardized clinical recommendations for RAI therapy with a focus on safety, efficacy, and monitoring, the Korean Thyroid Association formed a task force to create evidence-based guidelines.

Long-term bisphosphonate use and femoral morphological changes in osteoporosis patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: We examined the association between long-term bisphosphonates use and morphological change in the femur.

Methods: 140 patients (97.1% female, 70.

Clinical significance of TAM receptor in the minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's disease.

Sjögren's disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, often accompanied by systemic manifestations. Dysregulation of immune homeostasis, including impaired clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant type I interferon (IFN) signaling, plays a key role in its pathogenesis. Tyro3, Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK)-collectively known as TAM receptors-regulate efferocytosis and dampen IFN-mediated inflammation.

Chronotype Prior to Shift Work Influences Outcomes: Resilience as a Mediator of Sleep and Mental Health.

Study Objectives: Despite persistent nursing shortages, newly hired nurses inevitably engage in shift work (SW), which harms their sleep and mental health, accelerating their early-career turnover. This study examined whether pre-SW chronotype is associated with post-SW sleep/mental health outcomes and whether resilience mediates these relationships.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 595 newly hired nurses, of whom 331 were included in the final analysis, was recruited from two national tertiary hospitals.

ITGAV Regulation of LGALS3BP-JUNB Axis Facilitates the Cell-to-Cell Adhesion and Invasiveness of Hepatic Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: is a key regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, that promotes cell adhesion, migration, and activation. However, its transcriptional regulation remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the role of , a secreted regulator of the signaling pathway, in expression and its functional implications in tumor progression.

Efficacy and Safety of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b in Low-Risk Polycythemia Vera.

Purpose: Conventional management of low-risk polycythemia vera (PV), consisting of phlebotomy and aspirin, often fails to adequately control symptoms and hematologic parameters. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b (Ropeg) in low-risk PV patients requiring cytoreductive therapy.

Materials And Methods: In this sub-analysis of an open-label, multicenter trial, 42 patients received Ropeg for 48 weeks.

Harnessing Antioxidant Properties of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds to Alleviate Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms: A Review.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting both children and adults, characterized by intense itching, erythema, and xerosis. The pathogenesis of AD is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, skin barrier dysfunction, and environmental factors. A growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a critical role in AD, contributing to chronic inflammation, immune cell activation, and skin barrier disruption.

Transcriptional Landscape and Biomarker Discovery for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Alzheimer's Disease: An Ex Vivo Study Using Patients-Derived Dermal Fibroblasts.

Objective: Numerous studies have identified various risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the experimental limitations of disease modeling make it challenging to directly interpret their effects. These limitations include constraints of postmortem samples, animal experiments, and challenges associated with brain tissue studies.

Comparative Analysis of Violent Crime Statistics in Korea by Mental Illness Status (2012-2022): Implications of Deinstitutionalization.

Objective: This study examines violent crime trends in South Korea from 2012 to 2022, comparing offenders with and without mental illness. It evaluates the impact of the 2017 amendments to the Mental Health and Welfare Act, which made involuntary psychiatric hospitalization more difficult, on violent crime rates among individuals with mental illness.

Methods: We analyzed the annual number of violent crime offenders without and with mental illness (psychosis, mental retardation, or other mental disorders) between 2012 and 2022, as provided by the National Police Agency statistics.

Comparative Efficacy of Exosomes Derived from Different Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sources in Osteoarthritis Models: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Analysis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder that affects a substantial proportion of the global population, underscoring the urgent need for therapeutic strategies that extend beyond symptomatic management. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality, their clinical application remains constrained by several inherent limitations. This study explores a cell-free alternative by investigating the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from bone marrow (BMSCs), adipose tissue (ADSCs), and umbilical cord (UMSCs) MSCs in mitigating OA pathogenesis, utilizing both in vitro and ex vivo models.

Severity of Respiratory Viral Diseases and the Impacts of Underlying Medical Conditions During the Omicron Subvariant Dominant Epidemics-A Comparative Study of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

After the transition of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from a pandemic to an endemic phase, data on respiratory viral infections remain limited. This study compared the clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus (INFV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections and investigated how underlying medical conditions influence disease severity. During Omicron subvariant dominant periods, we conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, INFV, and RSV infections in hospitalized patients aged ≥ 19 years.

Total thyroidectomy performed under general anesthesia with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during a thyroid storm: a case report.

Background: Thyroid storm (TS) is an endocrine emergency requiring aggressive medical management. In severe cases, hemodynamic instability may necessitate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support as a bridge to definitive surgical treatment. ECMO is categorized into two types: venoarterial (V-A) ECMO, which provides both cardiac and pulmonary support, and venovenous (V-V) ECMO, which supports only pulmonary function.