Clinical significance of TAM receptor in the minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's disease.

Sjögren's disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, often accompanied by systemic manifestations. Dysregulation of immune homeostasis, including impaired clearance of apoptotic cells and aberrant type I interferon (IFN) signaling, plays a key role in its pathogenesis. Tyro3, Axl, and Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK)-collectively known as TAM receptors-regulate efferocytosis and dampen IFN-mediated inflammation.

Clinical features and outcomes of thyroid hyalinizing trabecular tumors: An 11-year experience at a tertiary referral hospital.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumors (HTTs) of the thyroid are rare neoplasms that generally exhibit benign behavior, lacking capsular or vascular invasion. Despite this, HTTs often present histopathological features that closely resemble those of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), posing an important diagnostic challenge and leading to the frequent misinterpretation of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) results as PTC. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HTTs observed over 11 years at a tertiary referral hospital [Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital (Hwasun, South Korea)].

Assessment of Human Epididymis Protein 4 Expression in Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

: Elevated expression of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) has been observed in breast cancer and is associated with cancer progression; however, its role in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate HE4 levels in serum and tissue from patients with DCIS and their correlation with clinicopathological features. : Preoperative serum HE4 levels were measured in 59 DCIS patients.

Cystic Breast Lesions: Diagnostic Approach and US Assessment.

Various cystic breast lesions are encountered during screening and diagnostic breast imaging. According to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) from the American College of Radiology, cystic breast lesions can be classified into the following categories based on sonographic findings: simple cysts, complicated cysts, clustered microcysts, and complex cystic and solid masses. With appropriate technique, simple cysts can be diagnosed easily by satisfying the diagnostic criteria, which include anechoic round or oval lesions with circumscribed margins and posterior enhancement on US images.

Claudin 18.2 expression profile in primary tumors and their ovarian metastases: implications for targeted therapy.

Background: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction protein predominantly expressed in the normal gastric epithelium, has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic target in various solid tumors.

Coexisting Tubulointerstitial Inflammation and Damage Is a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Lupus Nephritis.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether the concurrent presence of tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII) and tubulointerstitial damage (TID) predicts the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Data from 175 LN patients, collected at the time of renal biopsy, were analyzed. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence or absence of coexisting TII/TID.

Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ Composed of Signet-Ring Cells Mimicking Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with A Papillary Pattern: A Case Report.

While some forms of invasive or in situ carcinoma of the breast may be partly composed of signet-ring cells, signet-ring cells rarely become a prominent feature of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). We report a rare example of pleomorphic LCIS composed predominantly of signet-ring cells with a papillary pattern mimicking ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A 58-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left breast detected by ultrasonography.

Prediction of early clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Triple-negative breast cancer: Incorporating Radiomics through breast MRI.

This study assessed pretreatment breast MRI coupled with machine learning for predicting early clinical responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), focusing on identifying non-responders. A retrospective analysis of 135 TNBC patients (107 responders, 28 non-responders) treated with NAC from January 2015 to October 2022 was conducted. Non-responders were defined according to RECIST guidelines.

A Nationwide Study on HER2-Low Breast Cancer in South Korea: Its Incidence of 2022 Real World Data and the Importance of Immunohistochemical Staining Protocols.

Purpose: Notable effectiveness of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low advanced breast cancer (BC) has focused pathologists' attention. We studied the incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-low BC, and the effects of immunohistochemistry (IHC) associated factors on HER2 IHC results.

Materials And Methods: The Breast Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nationwide study using real-world data on HER2 status generated between January 2022 and December 2022.

Uterine rupture due to adenomyosis in an adolescent: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Uterine rupture is a fatal medical complication with a high mortality rate. Most cases of uterine rupture occur in late pregnancy or during labor and are mainly related to uterine scarring due to previous surgical procedures. Adenomyosis is a possible risk factor for uterine rupture.

Metabolic coupling in phyllodes tumor of the breast and its association with tumor progression.

There are markers of metabolic coupling in breast cancer. Loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and upregulation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), especially MCT1 and MCT4, serve an important role in metabolic coupling necessary for release and uptake of metabolites. However, the occurrence of these phenomena in phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast is unclear.

Prediction of Residual Axillary Nodal Metastasis Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Radiomics Analysis Based on Chest Computed Tomography.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT)-based qualitative and radiomics models for predicting residual axillary nodal metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 226 women (mean age, 51.4 years) with clinically node-positive breast cancer treated with NAC followed by surgery between January 2015 and July 2021.

Expression of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast and Their Associations With Clinicopathologic Features.

Loss of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and upregulation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs, especially MCT1 and MCT4) in respectively tumor-associated stromal cells and malignant epithelial cells of invasive carcinoma have been found to play an important role in the metabolic coupling. However, this phenomenon has only been scarcely described in pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. mRNA and protein expression levels of Cav-1, MCT1, and MCT4 in nine pairs of DCIS tissues and matched normal tissues were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, RNAscope in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry.

Malignant Apocrine Lesions of the Breast: Multimodality Imaging Findings and Biologic Features.

The apocrine morphology of the breast is observed in a broad pathological spectrum, ranging from benign cysts to invasive carcinomas. However, the number of clinical research investigating malignant apocrine lesions is limited. This study retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with malignant apocrine lesions admitted in a tertiary center between January 2004 and December 2021, based on the radiology-pathology correlation and the recent advances in their status to enhance the therapeutic implications of androgen receptor (AR).

Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression predicts recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma after total thyroidectomy.

Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) overexpression has been observed in the endothelial neovasculature of several solid malignancies. This study aimed to identify PSMA expression in the primary tumor of classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and assess the correlation between the degree of PSMA expression and recurrence.

Methods: We reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection, with or without lateral neck dissection, for classical PTC between 2009 and 2014 at our institution.

Prediction of the histologic upgrade of ductal carcinoma using a combined radiomics and machine learning approach based on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To investigate whether support vector machine (SVM) trained with radiomics features based on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could predict the upgrade of ductal carcinoma (DCIS) diagnosed by core needle biopsy (CNB) after surgical excision.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 349 lesions from 346 female patients (mean age, 54 years) diagnosed with DCIS by CNB between January 2011 and December 2017. Based on histological confirmation after surgery, the patients were divided into pure (n = 198, 56.

DCLK1 promotes colorectal cancer stemness and aggressiveness via the XRCC5/COX2 axis.

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a serine/threonine kinase that selectively marks cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and promotes malignant progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact molecular mechanism by which DCLK1 drives the aggressive phenotype of cancer cells is incompletely determined. Here, we performed comprehensive genomics and proteomics analyses to identify binding proteins of DCLK1 and discovered X-ray repair cross-complementing 5 (XRCC5).

Chondroid syringoma of the axilla: A potential for misdiagnosis as metastatic carcinoma on fine needle aspiration cytology.

Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign adnexal tumor and tends to occur in the head and neck region. Involvement in the axilla is very unusual, and the differential diagnosis of such presentations includes lymphadenopathy and cyst. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of chondroid syringoma.

Dysadherin awakens mechanical forces and promotes colorectal cancer progression.

: Dysadherin is a tumor-associated, membrane-embedded antigen found in multiple types of cancer cells, and associated with malignant behavior of cancer cells; however, the fundamental molecular mechanism by which dysadherin drives aggressive phenotypes of cancer is not yet fully determined. : To get a mechanistic insight, we explored the physiological relevance of dysadherin on intestinal tumorigenesis using dysadherin knockout mice and investigated its impact on clinicopathological features in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Next, to discover the downstream signaling pathways of dysadherin, we applied bioinformatic analysis using gene expression data of CRC patient tumors and dysadherin knockout cancer cells.

Comparison of the Clinicopathologic Features and T-Cell Infiltration of B7-H3 and B7-H4 Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Previously we revealed an upregulated expression of B7-H3 and B7-H4 mRNA and protein in breast cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, little is known regarding the clinical impact and value of B7-H3 and B7-H4 in TNBC subtypes. Thus, this study evaluated the clinicopathologic effects of B7-H3 and B7-H4 mRNA and protein expression according to the TNBC subtypes.

Primary duodenal dedifferentiated liposarcoma: A case report and literature review.

Background: Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is an extremely rare neoplasm that exhibits various morphologies. The tumor is characterized by immunoreactivity to MDM2 and CDK4 and can be confirmed by detecting amplification fluorescence hybridization (FISH). Herein, we report an unusual case of DDLPS arising from the duodenum.

Classification of MR-Detected Additional Lesions in Patients With Breast Cancer Using a Combination of Radiomics Analysis and Machine Learning.

Objective: This study was conducted in order to investigate the feasibility of using radiomics analysis (RA) with machine learning algorithms based on breast magnetic resonance (MR) images for discriminating malignant from benign MR-detected additional lesions in patients with primary breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: One hundred seventy-four MR-detected additional lesions (benign,  = 86; malignancy,  = 88) from 158 patients with ipsilateral primary breast cancer from a tertiary medical center were included in this retrospective study. The entire data were randomly split to training (80%) and independent test sets (20%).

Axillary metastasis from occult breast cancer and synchronous contralateral breast cancer initially suspected to be cancer with contralateral axillary metastasis: a case report.

Background: Initial detection of axillary metastasis without known ipsilateral breast cancer could be a challenging diagnostic problem. Four options could be considered for the primary site of the malignancy: ipsilateral occult breast cancer, contralateral breast cancer, tumors in other distant organs, and primary axillary malignancy itself. Although breast cancer is known as the most common primary cancer of axillary metastasis, both occult breast cancer and breast cancer with contralateral axillary metastasis (CAM) are rare.

Evolution of the Tumor Microenvironment toward Immune-Suppressive Seclusion during Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Implications for Targeted Therapy.

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common solid malignant tumor that metastasizes to the brain. Despite emerging therapies such as immunotherapy, whether the tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) has potential as a target of new treatments is unclear. Expression profiling of 770 genes in 12 pairs of primary BC and matched brain metastasis (BM) samples was performed using the NanoString nCounter PanCancer IO360 Panel.