Synthesis of 2-Acyltryptamines through an Unexpected Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Formal 1,5-Migration of Functional Group from Indole-Tethered Ynamides.

Herein, we have developed a Brønsted acid catalyzed 1,5-migration of functional groups from indole-tethered ynamides to prepare a variety of 2-acyltryptamines in good to excellent yields with high site-selectivity at the C2-position of indoles. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction underwent an intramolecular cyclization, 1,2-migration of the vinyl group, and C-N bond cleavage by hydrolysis in a one pot. The reaction features broad substrate scope, good functional group compatibility, 1,5-migration of functional groups, C-N bond cleavage to form C-C bond, and diverse 2-acyltryptamine scaffolds.

Ultrafast Correlation Energy Estimator.

A virtually no-cost method is proposed that can compute the correlation energies of general, covalently bonded, organic, and inorganic molecules (including conjugated π-electron systems) with a well-defined dominant Lewis structure at the accuracy of 99.5% of the near-exact values determined by the coupled-cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] in the complete-basis-set (CBS) limit. This Correlation Energy Per Bond (CEPB) method assigns a partial correlation energy to each bond type (characterized by the identities of the two atoms forming the bond and its integer bond order) and to a lone pair, regardless of the bond length, bond angle, sp-hybridization, π-electron conjugation, ionicity, noncovalent interactions, etc.

Coupling mechanism of nighttime lighting glare and driver cognitive load based on visual-physiological parameters.

Objective: To clarify the potential risks and causative mechanisms of glare from nighttime road fill lights on driving safety, this study investigates the dual interference of glare-induced visual cognitive load and physiological stress.

Methods: A field driving experiment involving 20 drivers was conducted, with real-time collection of visual data (e.g.

Incretin Signaling Neighborhoods and Adverse Drug Reactions.

In light of the success of blockbuster drugs for type 2 diabetes and obesity based on the GLP-1 hormone, drugmakers have concentrated their efforts on developing new and improved variations that address the route of administration, dosing, pathway selectivity, or polypharmacology. While some of these modifications have demonstrated improved efficacy in clinical studies and offered exciting opportunities for treating other diseases, drug-induced shifts to the conformational landscape of target receptors may have consequences for side effects. Our review summarizes advances in the understanding of the biochemistry, pharmacogenomics, and molecular pharmacology of incretins and their cognate receptors.

The influence of lighting environment in extra-long tunnels and its psychological impact on young drivers: evidence from virtual driving simulations.

Purpose: The monotonous lighting environment in extra-long tunnels often induces mind-wandering in drivers. To address this issue, this study explores effective strategies to optimize tunnel lighting environments by configuring various background colors and special lighting zones to enhance the alertness of young drivers and ensure driving safety.

Methods: A virtual driving simulator was utilized to carry out the experiment.

Nitrogen removal efficiency and pathways of the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process under ultra-low oxygen conditions.

To explore strategies for further reducing aeration energy consumption in the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process, an SND reactor was constructed to treat low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio domestic wastewater under ultra-low dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions (DO < 0.05 mg·L⁻). The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and C/N ratio on nitrogen removal performance were systematically evaluated, and batch experiments were conducted to determine nitrification and denitrification rates.

Effect of biochar-doped rare earth tailing on soil properties and plant growth in reclaimed shale gas sites.

The soil in reclaimed shale gas sites is compacted and suffers from issues like poor drainage, drought conditions, and nutrient deficiency, posing challenges for agricultural production. In this study, rare earth tailings were incorporated into biochar at different mass ratios (rare earth tailings: biochar = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4). Subsequently, a series of rare earth tailings-doped biochar materials (REE-BC) were prepared by calcination at 700°C.

Incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness after stroke: A prospective study of 284 cases.

ObjectiveTo explore the incidence, risk factors, and comorbidities of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) after stroke.MethodsPatients with acute stroke and vestibular symptoms were enrolled prospectively and continuously. Baseline information, risk factors, imaging materials, and diagnosis were collected.

Changes in pH and myelin-related proteins expression in neonatal pigs post-hypoxic-ischemic injury.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of developmental disorders and permanent central nervous system damage, with functional recovery closely linked to myelin sheath integrity. This study aimed to analyze the expression of pH and the voltage-gated proton channel (Hv1) in the brains of neonatal pigs with HIE at various time points, alongside changes in myelin-related proteins. MRI was employed to localize the basal ganglia and assess pH changes post-hypoxia-ischemia, while immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate Hv1, myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG).

Neural Quantum Embedding via Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit.

Quantum computing is expected to provide an exponential speedup in machine learning. However, optimizing the data loading process, commonly referred to as "quantum data embedding," to maximize classification performance remains a critical challenge. In this Letter, we propose a neural quantum embedding (NQE) technique based on deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1).

Attosecond All-Optical Retrieval of Valley Polarization via Circular Dichroism in Transient Absorption.

We propose a scheme for retrieving the ultrafast valley polarization (VP) dynamics in two-dimensional hexagonal materials via attosecond circular dichroism (CD) transient absorption spectroscopy. This approach builds on the CD transition between the first and higher conduction bands induced by the circularly polarized probe pulses. The population imbalance at nonequivalent valleys in the first conduction band is proportionally mapped onto the difference in absorption coefficients of two probe pulses with opposite helicities, supporting an unprecedented quantitative retrieval of the corresponding VP dynamics with subfemtosecond time resolution.

Multistate Ferroelectricity Enabled by Electrically Controlled Phase Transition of Two-Dimensional Ices.

Multistate ferroelectric polarization holds promise for realizing high-density nonvolatile memory devices, but so far is restricted to a few traditional ferroelectrics. Here, we show that nanoconfined two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric ice can achieve phase-dependent multistate polarization through extensive classical and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. An in-plane electric field is found to induce the reversible transition between a low-polarization AA-stacked hexagonal ice phase and an unprecedented high-polarization AB-stacked ice phase, resulting in a four-state ferroelectric switching pathway.

Positive Neutrino Masses with DESI DR2 via Matter Conversion to Dark Energy.

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is a massively parallel spectroscopic survey on the Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak, which has released measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations determined from over 14 million extragalactic targets. We combine DESI Data Release 2 with CMB datasets to search for evidence of matter conversion to dark energy (DE), focusing on a scenario mediated by stellar collapse to cosmologically coupled black holes (CCBHs). In this physical model, which has the same number of free parameters as ΛCDM, DE production is determined by the cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD), allowing for distinct early- and late-time cosmologies.

On-Chip Emitter-Coupled Meta-Optics for Versatile Photon Sources.

Controlling the spontaneous emission of nanoscale quantum emitters (QEs) is crucial for developing advanced photon sources required in many areas of modern nanophotonics, including quantum information technologies. Conventional approaches to shaping photon emission are based on using bulky configurations, while approaches recently developed in quantum metaphotonics suffer from limited capabilities in achieving desired polarization states and directionality, failing to provide on-demand photon sources tailored precisely to technological needs. Here, we propose a universal approach to designing versatile photon sources using on-chip QE-coupled meta-optics that enable direct transformations of QE-excited surface plasmon polaritons into spatially propagating photon streams with arbitrary polarization states, directionality, and amplitudes via both resonance and geometric phases supplied by scattering meta-atoms.

Resurgence of TT[over ¯]-Deformed Partition Function.

We study nonperturbative effects of torus partition function of the TT[over ¯]-deformed 2D conformal field theory (CFT) by resurgence in this Letter and a companion paper. The deformed partition function can be written as an infinite series of the deformation parameter λ. We develop highly efficient methods to compute perturbative coefficients in the λ expansion.

Microscopic Mechanism of Coexisting Electron Spin Resonance and Kondo Resonance in a Single Iron Phthalocyanine Molecule.

The multiplicity of orbitals in quantum systems significantly influences the competition between Kondo screening and local spin magnetization. The identification of orbital-specific processes is essential for advancing spintronic devices, as well as for enhancing the understanding of many-body quantum phenomena, but it remains a great challenge. Here, we use a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to investigate single iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules on MgO/Ag(100).

Multiple Exceptional Rings in One-Dimensional Perovskite Photonic Crystals.

Exceptional rings (ERs) are high-dimensional non-Hermitian topologies formed by exceptional points, significantly enriching the topological properties of non-Hermitian systems. Because of the intricate topology and symmetry requirements, the realization of ERs generally demands complex structures and precise parameter tuning, resulting in relatively few experimental observations in high-dimensional periodic systems. Here, we show that even the simplest 1D non-Hermitian periodic systems can support multiple ERs, enabled by the system's multiple degrees of freedom which naturally accommodate diverse non-Hermitian perturbations.

Compact Metaplate with Bound State in the Continuum: From Quasisymmetry to Symmetry.

Building localized states with high quality factors in compact dynamic systems could enhance the performance of wave control devices such as elastic filters and high-precision sensing devices. Here, we report on the theoretical and experimental investigation of symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs) in a compressed metaplate. The proposed theory establishes a Bessel-zero-directed multipolarization design that enables precise modulation for the frequencies and modes of BICs.

Half-Life and Precision Shape Measurement of the 2νββ Decay of ^{130}Te.

We present a new measurement of the 2νββ half-life of ^{130}Te (T_{1/2}^{2ν}) using the first complete model of the CUORE data, based on 1038 kg yr of collected exposure. Thanks to optimized data selection, we achieve a factor of two improvement in precision, obtaining T_{1/2}^{2ν}=(9.32 _{-0.

Giant Graviton Correlators as Defect Systems.

We consider correlation functions of two maximal giant gravitons and two light 1/2-BPS (Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield) operators in 4D N=4 SYM (super Yang-Mills). Viewed as two-point correlators in the presence of a zero-dimensional defect, they can be completely fixed at strong coupling using analytic bootstrap techniques. We determine all infinitely such correlators for arbitrary light 1/2-BPS operators and find that the result can be repackaged into a simple generating function thanks to a hidden higher-dimensional symmetry.

Search for an Anomalous Production of Charged-Current ν_{e} Interactions without Visible Pions across Multiple Kinematic Observables in MicroBooNE.

This Letter presents an investigation of low-energy electron-neutrino interactions in the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam by the MicroBooNE experiment, motivated by the excess of electron-neutrino-like events observed by the MiniBooNE experiment. This is the first measurement to use data from all five years of operation of the MicroBooNE experiment, corresponding to an exposure of 1.11×10^{21} protons on target, a 70% increase on past results.

Co and CoPc Molecular Kondo Box on Gold Surface.

We demonstrate a class of Co and CoPc molecular Kondo boxes on the Au(111) surface through scanning tunneling microscopy experiments and first-principles calculations. The π-electron states of the CoPc molecule hybridize with the conduction electron states of the Au(111) substrate, imparting itinerantlike electron characteristics. Because of the high symmetry matching between the d_{π} orbitals of Co adatoms and the π orbitals of CoPc, the large orbital overlap predominates the formation of a Kondo singlet within the molecular complexes that prevail over the competition from the metal substrate, enabling them effectively as the molecular Kondo boxes.

Inescapable Anisotropy of Nonreciprocal XY Models.

We investigate nonreciprocal XY (NRXY) models defined on two-dimensional lattices in which the coupling strength of a spin with its neighbors varies with their position in the frame defined by the current spin orientation. As expected from the seminal work of Dadhichi et al., [Nonmutual torques and the unimportance of motility for long-range order in two-dimensional flocks, Phys.